Mechanical Properties of Metals: Atomistic and Fractal Continuum ApproachesWorld Scientific, 1999 - 398 pagine The book is intended to describe the basic and newly developed elements of the physics of solids and materials science on mechanical properties of metals with as much continuity as is possible. Particular emphasis has been placed in atomistic and fractal approaches and continuum theory of dislocations is also introduced. Since the book is meant for the two main topics of progress in recent years, some interesting and important topics which have not been discussed or introduced are given in detail.For a long time, pair potentials were used very expensively in simulation studies. They can reproduce usefully total energies for many systems. But when one turns to elastic properties, fracture of surfaces, and the vacancy formation energy, deficiencies and limitations begin to emerge. These limitations of the simple pair potential approximation have been addressed by the development of empirical many-body potentials which is the major theme of our book.Over a decade or more, diverse scientists have recognized that many of the structures common in their experiments have a special kind of geometrical complexity. The key to this progress is the recognition that many random structures obey a symmetry that objects look the same on many different scales of observation. The concept of fractals was introduced by Mandelbrot and applied to fractures by himself and collaborators. Their work pointed to a correlation between toughness and the fractal dimension. Our interest is the fractal aspects of fractured surfaces. We will discuss more in our book.The strain field of a dislocation has a long range part and this part can be discussed rigorously from elasticity theory. Recent progress in elastic strain fields and dislocation mobility were made by Indenbom and Lothe. The elementary essentials will be introduced in our book. |
Sommario
Preface | 1 |
Phenomenology and Experiments | 19 |
Introduction to Extended Defects and Mechanical Strength | 43 |
31 | 54 |
Plastic Deformation | 61 |
88 | 66 |
25 | 76 |
63 | 88 |
Some Characteristic Features of Fractals | 113 |
Elastic Moduli and More General Phonon Properties | 193 |
Elements of Electronic Structure Theory | 203 |
Theory of Pair Potentials in Simple sp Metals | 231 |
Glue Models of Interatomic | 251 |
Experiment and Theory | 269 |
Stretched Chemical Bonds Electron Correlation | 319 |
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alloys Alonso and March applied stress approximation atomic bcc metals behaviour binding energy bond brittle bulk modulus Burgers vector calculated cleavage configuration correlation crack propagation crack tip crss curve density functional theory dependence discussed dislocation core dislocation line displacement distribution edge dislocation effects elastic constants electron density electronic structure equation experimental factor Fermi Fermi gas fractal dimension fractal structure fracture mechanics fractured surfaces given glide plane grain boundaries image force interaction interatomic force intergranular interstitial lattice Lett linear Lung materials measured method modulus momentum motion obtained pair potential parameter phonon Phys plastic zone positron annihilation positron lifetime pseudopotential range of scale ratio region relation relationship screw dislocation self-affine self-similarity shear single crystals slip plane solid solution stacking fault surface energy temperature theory thermal transition metals trapping vacancy formation energy valence velocity Vitek Wang
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