Dynamics of a Hill Society: The Nepalis in Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas

Agrarian categories agricultural labourers altitude areas Bahuns Bengal Bhujel Bhutan Bhutias biha Biharis Bista Brahmins Buddhists caste hierarchy caste members caste relations caste status caste system Caste/Community Census cent century CHART Chhetri Chuchen village clans commensal commensal relations crops cultivation Damai Darjeeling Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalayas district economic endogamy factors Fieldwork five villages forest Gurung high caste group higher highest Himalayas Hindus income indebtedness India intercaste marriage Jaisi jat danda Jogi Kalimpong Kami Kiratas kudd landless landowners large number Lepchas lessors Limbus loans low caste group lower castes malik mandal Mangars Marwaris Matwali middle caste group migrated Nepali caste Nepali society Newars position Purbong Rangbull regard region relationship between caste Reshi road Sarki settled sharecropper Sherpa Sikkim Siliguri social Source spatial mobility Sunuwar TABLE Takuthang and Chuchen Tamang Tanek tea gardens Thakuri Thami thars tion total population tribes Upadhyaya Bahun upper castes variation Yakha Yolmu