Societal Systems: Planning, Policy, and Complexity

achieve activities adjacency matrix alternatives amendments analysis antecedent applied approach appropriate Battelle Memorial Institute behavior binary matrix binary relation block matrix Boolean Chapter coalition communication complex concept constraints contextual relation decision defined DELTA chart diagonal digraph map discussion edge effective entries evaluation example exploration geodetic cycle given goals H. A. Simon Hence hierarchy human idea actions identified impact implication matrix improve index set individual Inference Potential intent structure interpretive structural modeling involved issue J. N. Warfield knowledge main diagonal management by objectives mathematics matrix model maximal cycle set means ment metapolicy method methodology objectives organization participation partition phase planning unit policymaking possible reachability matrix relevant represent sequence situation social units societal problems subset succedent synthesis systems engineering Table theory tion tive transitive closure transitive embedding vector vertex