The Study of Chemical Composition: An Account of Its Method and Historical Development, with Illustrative Quotations

University Press, 1904 - 650 pagine

Introduction The Method of the Inductive Sciences	1

Water to Earth 6 b Davy on Acid and Alkali produced in Electrolysis	17

account for Facts and Laws	24

Theories of Combustion	31

2 Air necessary for Combustion	38

Explanation of Calcination 43 Hookes Explanation of Combustion	45

Calcination of Tin 46 Burnt Mercury 50 Quantitative Synthesis and Analysis	56

History of the Establishment of the Law	63

Boyle 274 Criticism of Aristotelian and Paracelsian Philosophies 275 Defini	280

Hypothesis used to explain Quantitative Laws 285 Sequence in Formulation	290

to the Oxides of Nitrogen 294 Composition of Ammonia Found and Calculated	297

GayLussac and the Law of the Combining Volumes	301

Humboldts Results 302 The Volume Relations between the Gaseous Constituents	309

Accurate Determination of the Volumetric Composition	315

two Orders of Finite Particles 318 Avogadros Hypothesis 318 Divisibility	327

Avogadros Work 331 Berzelius Atomic Weight Determinations 331 Criteria	340

Silver Iodide 65 Stas Complete Analyses	72

a Faulty	83

Interpretation of Discrepancies between repeated Measurements of a Quantity	103

Recognition of Definite Order of Affinity and of Influence of Temperature on this	111

Berthollets Work	117

Distribution of Acids and Bases in Solution of Salts cannot be measured	125

Solutions Alloys and Glasses 133	133

Minerals of Different Origin 137 2 Refutation of Instances of supposed	139

Suggestion that the Law is only Approximate 145 Stas Experimental	146

Dalton and the Law of Multiple Ratios	152

Independent Discovery of the Law 159 his Experimental Evidence	160

Independent Discovery of the Law 162 Composition	167

cussions by Bergman and Lavoisier 171 Richters Discoveries in the Quantitative	176

Composition of all possible Compounds 183 Is the Law Exact or Approximate?	183

More than one Value for Combining Weight and Relation between these	193

Equivalent Weights 199 Relation between Combining	201

Appendix A Selection of Combining Weight Values	213

The Ultimate Constitution of Matter Hypotheses prior	226

ancient Atomic Hypothesis 228 Indian Speculations Kanadas Atomistic	235

Atoms 240 II The Motion of Atoms 244 III The Existence of Void	245

Aristotle 250 Method 252 Views on the Structure of Matter 253 Evalua	259

Bacon 260 Method 261 Views on the Structure of Matter 264 Descartes	273

Differentiation between Atom Molecule and Equivalent 341 Gerhardts Mole	358

Is the Law Exact for any special Conditions? Tildens Measure	383

Definition of Crystal Face and Zone 387 Constancy	409

Mitscherlichs Discovery of corresponding Crystallographic Analogies 411 Name	427

3 Applicability of the Method 437 4 Accuracy of the Results 437 Poly	444

Retgers Law in the Discovery of Cryptic Isodimorphism 447 Relative Import	452

Principle of the Classification of Elements 455 Doebereiners	461

and Atomic Weight Correction of Stoichiometric Constants 466 Mendeleeffs	479

Occurrence of the Elements 485 Physical Properties of Compounds	487

of Gallium	497

Mendeleeff on the Special Nature of	504

Compound Radicles in Rational Formulae 508 Substituting and Combining	513

ment of Atoms in Molecule represented by Structural Formulae 518 I Definition	530

Theory of Valency 535 Van t Hoffs Conjecture 536 Helmholtzs View	540

position of Cyanic Acid and Fulminic Acid found the same 545 Discovery	546

of Terms Isomerism Polymerism Metamerism 570 Carius and Physical	577

Experimental Confirmation of Van t Hoffs Hypothesis of Asymmetric Carbon	591

Prouts Hypothesis Hydrogen the Primitive Matter 594 Th Thomsons	598

Approximation of Atomic Weights to Integers 599 Division of Prouts Atomic	608

Pressures J J Thomsons Corpuscles 609 v Radioactive Changes Atomic	617

iii Atomic Weight Relations of the Periodic Law 619 Crookes Speculations	624

Titolo	The Study of Chemical Composition: An Account of Its Method and Historical Development, with Illustrative Quotations Cambridge physical series
Autore	Ida Freund
Editore	University Press, 1904
Provenienza dell'originale	la Biblioteca Pubblica di New York
Digitalizzato	20 giu 2011
Lunghezza	650 pagine

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