que festinare, vigilare, neque insomniis1 neque labore fatigari. Postremo, ubi multa agitanti nihil procedit, rursus intempesta nocte conjurationis principes convocat per M. Porcium Laecam: ibique, multa de ignavia3 eorum questus, docet, se Manlium praemisisse ad eam multitudinem, quam ad capiunda arma paraverat; item alios in alia loca opportuna, qui initium belli facerent; seque ad exercitum proficisci cupere, si prius Ciceronem oppressisset: eum suis1 consiliis multum obficere.

XXVIII. IGITUR, perterritis ac dubitantibus ceteris, C. Cornelius, eques Romanus, operam suam pollicitus, et cum eo L. Vargunteius, senator, constituêre ea nocte paullo post cum armatis hominibus, sicuti salutatum," introire ad Ciceronem, ac de improviso domi suae imparatum confodere. Curius, ubi intellegit quantum periculi consuli impendeat, propere per Fulviam dolum, qui parabatur, enunciat. Ita illi, janua prohibiti,3 tantum facinus frustra susceperant. Interea Manlius in Etruria plebem sollicitare, egestate simul ac dolore injuriae1o novarum rerum cupidam, quod Sullae dominatione agros bonaque omnia amiserat ; praeterea latrones" cujusque generis, quorum in ea regione magna copia erat; nonnullos ex Sullanis colonis, quibus lubido atque luxuria ex magnis rapinis nihil reliqui fecerant.

10

12

XXIX. EA cum Ciceroni nunciarentur, ancipiti malol" permotus, quod neque urbem ab insidiis privato consilio13 longius tueri poterat, neque exercitus Manlii quan tus, aut quo consilio foret,14 satis compertum habebat,

13

Insomniis, by want of sleep (insomnia, æ, but insomnium, a dream). 2 Intempesta nocte, in the dead of night.3 Ignavia, irresolution. 4 Eum suis &c., that he was a great obstruction to his designs. Operam &c., having offered his services. Paullo post, a little after (when the meeting broke up). Sicuti salutatum, on pretence of paying their morning respects to him.-8 Janua prohibiti, being refused admittance at the gate.. 9 Plebem sollicitare, was exciting the common people to rise. 10 Dolore injuriae, from resentment of oppression.11 Latrones, banditti.- -12 Ancipiti malo, by the double danger (that arising from the conspirators within, and the army of Manlius without the city).. 13 Privato consilio, by his individual measures. 14 Quo consilio foret, what was its design.

2

rem ad senatum refert,1 jam antea volgi rumoribus exagitatam. Itaque, quod plerumque in atroci negotio3 solet, senatus decrevit, DARENT OPERAM CONSULES, NE QUID RESPUBLICA DETRIMENTI CAPERET. Ea potestas per senatum, more Romano, magistratui maxuma permittitur; exercitum parare, bellum gerere, coërcere omnibus modis socios atque civis; domi militiaeque imperium atque judicium summum habere: aliter, sine populi jussu, nulli earum rerum consuli jus est.

XXX. Post paucos dies L. Saenius, senator, in senatu litteras recitavit, quas Faesulis adlatas sibi dicebat; in quibus scriptum erat, C. Manlium arma cepisse, cum magna multitudine, ante diem' vi Kalendas Novembris. Simul, id quod in tali re3 solet, alii portenta atque prodigia nunciabant; alii conventus fieri, arma portari,9 Capuae atque in Apulia servile bellum moveri.10 Igitur senati11 decreto Q. Marcius Rex Faesulas, Q. Metellus Creticus in Apuliam circumque loca, missi: ii utrique ad urbem imperatores erant, impediti, ne triumpharent, calumnia13 paucorum, quibus omnia honesta atque inhonesta vendere14 mos erat. Sed praetores, Q. Pompeius Rufus Capuam, Q. Metellus Celer in agrum Picenum; iisque1 permissum, uti pro tempore16 atque periculo exercitum compararent: ad hoc, si quis indicavisset de conjuratione, quae contra rempublicam facta erat,

1 Rem ad senatum refert, he lays the whole affair before the senate.* Exagitatam, noised abroad with exaggeration. In atroci negotio, in a desperate emergency. (Such decree was called ultimum or extremum.) Parare, for parandi after potestas, as vivere copia, chap. 17.Imperium &c., to exercise the highest military and judicial authority. - Sine populi &c., without the order of the people no consul has a right to the exercise of those acts of power. (The enacting power of the senate is expressed by censere, that of the people by jubere.)Ante diem &c., on the 27th of October. In tali re, on such an occasion.9 Portari, were being conveyed (into the disaffected districts).-10 Moveri, was on the eve of breaking out.-11 Senati, the Sallustian genitive for the more common senatus. See chap. 53.12 Ad urbem, near the city. (Candidates for triumphal honours were not permitted to enter the city till their application was disposed of.)-13 Calumnia, detraction.14 Vendere, to make traffic of.-15 Iisque &c., and they were empowered. 16 Pro tempore, suitable to the occasion.

praemium servo libertatem, et sestertia centum ; libero impunitatem ejus rei, et sestertia ducenta: item [decrevere], uti gladiatoriae familiae Capuam et in cetera municipia distribuerentur pro cujusque opibus; Romae per totam urbem vigiliae haberentur, iisque minores magistratus praeessent.

6

XXXI. QUIBUS rebus3 permota civitas, atque immutata urbis facies: ex summa laetitia atque lascivia, quae diuturna quies pepererat, repente omnis tristitia invasit: festinare, trepidare; neque loco nec homini cuiquam satis credere; neque bellum gerere, neque pacem habere; suo quisque3 metu pericula metiri. Ad hoc, mulieres, quibus reipublicae magnitudine belli timor insolitus, adflictare sese, manus supplices ad coelum tendere ; miserari parvos liberos; rogitare, omnia pavere; superbia atque deliciis omissis, sibi patriaeque diffidere. At Catilinae crudelis animus eadem3 illa movebat, tamen etsi praesidia parabantur, et ipse lege Plautia interrogatus ab L. Paullo. Postremo dissimulandi caussa, atque sui expurgandi,10 sicuti jurgio" lacessitus foret, in senatum venit. Tum M. Tullius consul, sive praesentiam ejus timens, seu ira commotus, orationem habuit luculentam, atque utilem reipublicae ; quam postea scriptam edidit.12 Sed, ubi ille adsedit, Catilina, ut erat paratus ad dissimulanda omnia, demisso voltu, voce supplici postulare, Patres conscripti ne quid de se temere

1 Sestertia centum, 100 sestertia or 100,000 sesterces. (The sestertium was equal to 1000 of the sestertius, and to £8, 1s. 54d. of British money; 100 to £807, 58. 10d.; 200 to £1614, 11s. 8d.)- -2 Gladiatoriae &c., the families of gladiators. (The whole number of gladiators under one lanista or trainer was called familia.)3 Quibus rebus, by these precautionary measures.- → Quae diuturna &c., which long internal peace had produced. (Since the death of Sulla, B. c. 78.)- -5 Quisque &c., every one calculated the magnitude of the danger.- Adflictare sese, were in the utmost affliction (which they showed by tearing their hair, beating their breast, and other acts of personal humiliation). Deliciis, their taste for pleasure. Eadem &c., pursued the same reckless course.Lege, the Plautian law (about offering violence to magistrates, enacted B. c. 89). 10 Expurgandi, of exculpating.11 Jurgio, by personal abuse. Scriptam edidit, wrote out and published.

crederent: ea familia' ortum, ita ab adolescentia vitam instituisse, ut omnia bona in spe haberet: ne aestumarent, sibi, patricio homini, cujus ipsius atque majorum plurima beneficia in plebem Romanam essent, perdita republica opus esse, cum eam servaret M. Tullius, inquilinus civis3 urbis Romae. Ad hoc maledicta alia cum adderet; obstrepere omnes, hostem atque parricidam vocare. Tum ille furibundus: "Quoniam quidem circumventus," inquit, "ab inimicis praeceps agor, incendium meum ruina restinguam."

XXXII. DEIN se ex curia domum proripuit: ibi multa secum ipse volvens; quod neque insidiae consuli procedebant, et ab incendio intellegebat urbem vigiliis munitam, optumum factum' credens exercitum augere, ac prius, quam legiones scriberentur, antecapere quae bello usui forent; nocte intempesta cum paucis in Manliana castra profectus est. Sed Cethego atque Lentulo, ceterisque, quorum cognoverat promptam audaciam, mandat, quibus rebus possent, opes factionis confirment, insidias consuli maturent, caedem, incendia, aliaque belli facinora 10 parent: sese prope diem" magno exercitu ad urbem accessurum. Dum haec Romae geruntur, C. Manlius ex suo numero ad Marcium Regem mittit, cum1 mandatis hujuscemodi :

8

cum

XXXIII. “DEOs hominesque testamur, imperator, nos arma neque contra patriam cepisse, neque quo periculum homini13 faceremus, sed uti corpora nostra ab injuria tuta forent; qui, miseri, egentes, violentia atque crudelitate foeneratorum, plerique patriae, sed omnes

1 Ea familia, of a family of consideration. Cujus ipsius &c., whose personal services and those of his ancestors.- 3 Inquilinus civis, an adventitious citizen (one just transplanted from a provincial town, Arpinum). Incendium &c., the flame raised around me with universal ruin. Se domum proripuit, he hurried home. Insidiac, the plot facte, laid) against the consul. Optumum factum, the most advis able step.-8 Mandat, authorizes or instructs.9 Rebus, means. 10 Facinora, enormities. Prope diem, on a day near at hand, shortly.- 12 Cum &c., with the following message.13 Homini, to any

one.

c 2

fama atque fortunis, expertes sumus: neque cuiquam nostrûm licuit, more majorum, lege uti,1 neque, amisso patrimonio, liberum corpus2 habere: tanta saevitia3 foeneratorum atque praetoris fuit. Saepe majores vestrûm, miseriti plebis Romanae, decretis suis inopiae opitulati sunt ac novissume memoria nostra, propter magnitudinem aeris alieni, volentibus omnibus bonis, argentum* aere solutum est. Saepe ipsa plebes, aut dominandi studio permota, aut superbia magistratuum, armata a patribus secessit.5 At nos non imperium neque divitias petimus, quarum rerum caussa bella atque certamina omnia inter mortalis sunt; sed libertatem, quam nemo bonus, nisi cum anima simul, amittit. Te atque senatum obtestamur, consulatis miseris civibus; legis praesidium, quod iniquitas praetoris eripuit, restituatis; neve eam necessitudinem imponatis, ut quaeramus, quonam modo ulti maxume' sanguinem nostrum pereamus."

XXXIV. AD haec Q. Marcius: Si quid ab senatu petere vellent, ab armis discedant, Romam supplices proficiscantur: ea mansuetudine atque misericordia senatum populumque Romanum semper fuisse, ut nemo unquam ab eo9 frustra auxilium petiverit. At Catilina ex itinere plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique,' litteras mittit: Se, falsis criminibus circumventum, quoniam factioni inimicorum resistere nequiverit, fortunae cedere, Massiliam" in exsilium proficisci ; non quo1 sibi tanti sceleris conscius; sed uti respublica

10

1 Lege uti, to enjoy the benefit of the law. Liberum corpus, perso nal liberty. (The person of a debtor by the Roman law could be given up to the creditor.)- 3 Saevitia, rigour. Argentum, silver was paid with brass. (Only the fourth part of the debt was paid, by a law passed B. C. 87, called Lex Valeria de quadrante.) Armata secessit, made an armed secession. (This occurred thrice, B. C. 493, 449, 288.6 Eam necessitudinem ut &c., the necessity of inquiring. Maxume, most effectually. 8 Ab armis &c., they must lay down their arms. Ab eo &c., ever sued for protection from them.10 Optumo cuique, to every person of eminence.- 11 Massiliam, to Marseilles (in France, founded by settlers from Phocæa in Ionia, B. C. 539),12 Quo, for eo quod, on this account because.