quidem certe et inprudens inpendentium tantorum scelerum et malorum. Qui tribunus pl. felix in ever20 tenda re publica fuit nullis suis nervis (qui enim in eius modi vita nervi esse potuerunt hominis fraternis flagitiis, sororiis stupris, omni inaudita libidine ex17 sanguis?); sed fuit profecto quaedam illa rei publicae fortuna fatalis, ut ille caecus atque amens tribunus pl. 25 nancisceretur — quid dicam? consules? Hocine ut ego nomine appellem eversores huius imperii, proditores vestrae dignitatis, hostes bonorum omnium, qui ad delendum senatum, adfligendum equestrem ordinem, extinguenda omnia iura atque instituta maiorum se 30 illis fascibus ceterisque insignibus summi honoris atque imperii ornatos esse arbitrabantur? Quorum, per deos · immortales! si nondum scelera vulneraque inusta rei publicae vultis recordari, vultum atque incessum animis 34 intuemini; facilius eorum facta occurrent mentibus 18 vestris, si ora ipsa oculis proposueritis. VIII. Alter fortuna: cf. Sull. 89. 48; II. 23. 31... 25-31. quid dicam: see on Sull. 51. 22. The object of nancisceretur is to be some appropriate word for Piso and Gabinius, who entered upon office three weeks after Clodius he hesitates to call them sanctioned it. At the same meeting Pompeius acted as augur (p. 72, § 88). vel: see on II. 1. 4. 18-22. quidem, as in § 15. 4. nullis, an emphatic non. nervis: see on Sull. 24. 13. inaudita: the violation of the mysteries of the Bona Dea, p. 41, § 73. (b.) The Consuls, Gabinius and consuls. Hocine: for the form, Piso, §§ 17-24. § 17. 23. sed fuit profecto: a slight anacoluthon: we should expect a phrase in the ablative to balance suis nervis, 1. 20 above. quaedam : how used? illa introduces the clause ut. nancisceretur, cf. II. 21. 11, but is attracted in gender to A. p. 67, footnote; G. 102. III. Rem. 1; H. 186 VI.1; B. p. 50 foot note 2. ut. . . appellem: for the clause cf. I. 24. 31; 22.1. insignibus: see p. 64, 51. honoris, imperii, i.e., the consulship. 18. 1. Alter, 'the one,' Gabinius, correlative to alter, § 19. 12. unguentis affluens, calamistrata coma, despiciens conscios stuprorum ac veteres vexatores aetatulae suae, puteali et faeneratorum gregibus inflatus, a quibus conpulsus olim, ne in Scyllaeo illo aeris alieni tam- 5 quam fretu ad columnam adhaeresceret, in tribunatus portum perfugerat, contemnebat equites Romanos, minitabatur senatui, venditabat se operis atque ab iis se ereptum, ne de ambitu causam diceret, praedicabat ab isdemque se etiam invito senatu provinciam 10 sperare dicebat; eamque nisi adeptus esset, se inco ... 2-4. unguentis affluens: cf. nia) on which were posted the II. 10. 26; 5. 11. calamistrata, names of bankrupts. Translate: 'frizzled;' case of coma? con- 'lest he might stick fast to the scios... aetatulae, 'the part- pillar in that Scylla-like strait of ners of his vices and the corrupters debt, so to speak, he had turned of his tender years.' puteali for refuge into the harbor of the . . . inflatus, 'puffed up by the tribunate;' that is, to avoid bankwell-curb and the hordes of usur- ruptcy Gabinius had stood for the ers.' A puteal was the enclosure, tribunate in 67, as afterwards for open at the top like a well-curb, the consulship in 5S. Scyllaeo, erected around a spot made sacred for the less rhetorical Siculo, from by a stroke of lightning. This the celebrated rock in the chanparticular one (puteal Libonis) nel. fretu, for the more common was at the eastern end of the freto. tribunatus: for the case forum, and near it was the tri- cf. soceri, § 6. 10. bunal of the praetor urbanus (p. 66, § 60), before whom Gabinius had often been arraigned for debt. Now that he was consul he was rather proud of his experience near the puteal, as he could while in office (p. 64, § 52) bid defiance to his creditors. 5,6. Scyllaeo . . . fretu: the strait between Sicily and Italy was difficult of navigation, and at two particularly dangerous points pillars had been erected as guides to the pilots. In the forum also there was a pillar (columna Mae 8-11. operis, as in Sull. 68. 15. ereptum, ne... diceret: cf. Caes. I. 4. 2. de ambitu: see Ep. VI. 15. 4. ab isdem, i.e., by their votes in the comitia. provinciam : for the ordinary way of assigning the provinces see on IV. 23. 2; for the way Gabinius got his, see on Ep. VII. 1. 10; for a similar but unsuccessful plan see on Ep. III. 8. 116. incolumem: for meaning cf. Eps. XVIII. 2. 28; XVI. 10. 120; Sull. 61. 19. Gabinius feared prosecution for his conduct in office, and 19 lumem nullo modo fore arbitrabatur. Alter, o di boni! quam taeter incedebat, quam truculentus, quam terribilis aspectu! Unum aliquem te ex barbatis illis, 15 exemplum imperii veteris, imaginem antiquitatis, columen rei publicae diceres intueri. Vestitus aspere nostra hac purpura plebeia ac paene fusca, capillo ita horrido, ut Capua, in qua ipsa tum imaginis ornandae causa duumviratum gerebat, Seplasiam sub20 laturus videretur. Nam quid ego de supercilio dicam, quod tum hominibus non supercilium, sed pignus rei publicae videbatur? Tanta erat gravitas in oculo, tanta contractio frontis, ut illo supercilio annus ille 20 niti tamquam vade videretur. Erat hic omnium sermo: 25 Est tamen rei publicae magnum firmumque subsidium; habeo, quem opponam labi illi atque caeno; vultu me wished to stave it off a little by a i.e., to add a title to the list of the proconsulship. offices he had filled which would be written beneath his bust (p. 55, §§ 12, 13) in the halls of his deduumviratum: see on § 9. 16. Such offices were frequently filled by distinguished Romans, so it is merely the motive (imaginis ornandae) of Piso that Cicero ridicules. Seplasiam, the street upon which the perfumers lived: they would become bankrupt if Piso's style were generally adopted. oculo: Piso is said to have had a cast in one eye. § 19. 12-17. Alter, 'the other,' Piso, cf. § 18. 1. barbatis, i.e., old-fashioned: see on Mur. 26. scendants. 18. imperii veteris, of the ancient state;' vetus as in III. 19. 17. What is its proper meaning? antiquitatis: see on § 6. 8. diceres: for mood cf. putes, Ep. III. 10. 150; the tense ('would have') is regular for past time. Vestitus, an exaggerated term for the latus clavus and border of the toga (p. 56, § 17 and p. 64, § 51). nostra, as in Ep. III. 13. 190. What other meanings has it had Cf. Ep. IX. 1. 1; Mur. 47.7. purpura plebeia, homely purple,' as compared with the brighter dye of Tyre which was then the fashion. § 20. 25, 26. tamen, ‘in spite of all,' i.e., notwithstanding the character (§ 18) of Gabinius; for omission of the concessive clause with tamen cf. Sull. 1. 7; IV. 23. 5. labi illi atque caeno, ‘that pestilent and dirty fellow.' vultu, 18-22, imaginis ornandae,‘mere look,' dius fidius collegae sui libidinem levitatemque franget; habebit senatus in hunc annum, quem sequatur; non deerit auctor et dux bonis.' Mihi denique homines praecipue gratulabantur, quod habiturus essem contra 30 tribunum pl. furiosum et audacem cum amicum et adfinem, tum etiam fortem et gravem consulem. IX. Atque eorum alter fefellit neminem. Quis enim clavum tanti imperii tenere et gubernacula rei publicae tractare in maximo cursu ac fluctibus posse arbitraretur hominem emersum subito ex diuturnis tenebris lustrorum ac stuprorum, vino, ganeis, lenociniis 5 adulteriisque confectum, cum is praeter spem in altissimo gradu alienis opibus positus esset, qui non modo tempestatem inpendentem intueri temulentus, sed ne lucem quidem insolitam aspicere posset? Alter multos 21 plane in omnis partis fefellit. Erat enim hominum 10 opinioni nobilitate ipsa, blanda conciliatricula, com ... ... 27-32. dius fidius: see on 6-8. confectum, as in II. 24.5. Sull. 83.9. gratulabantur, 'con- altissimo gradu: see p. 69, §§ 77, gratulated:' what other meaning 78. alienis, of Caesar, Crassus, in Ep. XXIII. 1. 3? habiturus and Pompeius. qui non modo, essem: mood? ad finem, etc., who, in his besotted condithrough his son-in-law (then liv- tion, was unable, I don't say to ing): see on Ep. XIV. Sal. Tullia. but merely to, etc.:' for the correlatives see on II. 20. 35. 1-4. alter, Gabinius: where is tempestatem . . . temulentus: its correlative? clavum, guber-notice the ponderous force of the nacula: the former is strictly but four quadrisyllables, of which chia part, the handle, of the latter; astically the first and fourth begin the latter is always plural when with t, the second and third with i. used metaphorically. in maximo § 21. 10, 11. in omnis parcursu, etc. ubi maximus erat tis, in every way,' for which is cursus, etc. for a slightly differ- used with precisely the same force ent (concessive) force of a phrase with in cf. Ep. VI. 16. 13; II. 18. 12. ex diuturnis, etc., from the daylight darkness (= dim light) of dens of infamy,' omni ex parte. nobilitate, mendatus. Omnes boni semper nobilitati favemus, et quia utile est rei publicae nobiles homines esse dignos maioribus suis, et quia valet apud nos clarorum ho15 minum et bene de re publica meritorum memoria etiam mortuorum. Quia tristem semper, quia taciturnum, quia subhorridum atque incultum videbant, et quod erat eo nomine, ut ingenerata familiae frugalitas videretur, favebant, gaudebant et ad integritatem 20 maiorum spe sua hominem vocabant materni generis 22 obliti. Ego autem (vere dicam, iudices) tantum esse in homine sceleris, audaciae, crudelitatis, quantum ipse cum re publica sensi,. numquam putavi; nequam esse hominem et levem et falsa opinione hominum 25 ab adulescentia commendatum sciebam. Etenim animus eius vultu, flagitia parietibus tegebantur; sed haec opstructio nec diuturna est neque obducta ita, ut curiosis oculis perspici non possit. x. Videbamus genus vitae, desidiam, inertiam ; inclusas eius libidines, qui paulo propius accesserant, intuebantur; denique tion;' notice the slighting dimin- | integritatem vocabant, et and by their hopes (of him) encouraged him to (aspire to) the character of his sires.' materni generis: his mother was a Gaul. 17-20. subhorridum, as de- § 22. 23-25. cum re p. scribed in § 19; sub- with an res p. nequam, indeclinable adjective denotes a small amount adj. ab adulescentia, 'by (not of the quality (= 'rather,' 'some-from') his (strict life in his) what'), and is thus opposed to youth.' For ab cf. Sull 92. 7; II. per-. eo nomine. Cicero is 25. 29; for the pregnant use of thinking of the agnomen Frugi of adulescentia cf. Asia, Mur. 11. 8. one branch of the Pisones, but the consul belonged to a different 2. desidiam, inertiam, 'lack branch, the Caesonini. fave- of energy and ability;' the deses bant, gaudebant et vocabant, does not use the powers he has, (a+b)+c; see on II. 14. 4–7. ad the iners has none to use, |