Light Transmission Optics

allows amplitude angle aperture appears apply approximation assume axis beam becomes boundary caused coefficients complex component condition consider constant coordinate core corresponding coupling curve defined dependence derivative described determine dielectric diffraction direction discussion dispersion distance distribution eigenvalue expression fact factor fiber field Figure focal Fourier frequency function Gaussian given grating guided modes holds important incident increasing indicates integral laser length lens waveguide lenses light light ray limit loss medium normal obtain optical optical fiber parameter phase plane plane wave position possible problem pulse quantum mechanics ray optics reflection refractive index region relation requirement resonator result shown in Figure shows slab waveguide solution solve space square law surface theory trajectory transformation traveling values vanishes vector wall wave equation width