The Biomedical Engineering Handbook 1

activity addition alloy analysis applications approximately Biomaterials Biomed biomedical blood body bone cardiac cartilage cells ceramics changes chemical collagen complex components composite computed concentration conductivity depends described developed devices direction distribution effect elastic electrical electrode Engineering equation et al etal example fibers field FIGURE filter flow fluid force frequency function given heart human implant important increase ions joint layer lead length linear load lubrication material measurements mechanical membrane metal method mitral valve motion muscle normal obtained occur organ phase polymers position potential Press pressure problems produced properties recording reference region relative resistance response sensors shown shows signal solution strain strength stress structure surface synovial fluid Table techniques temperature tissue transform valve ventricular vessels volume wall wear York