Quare, quoniam id, quod primum, atque hujus imperii, disciplinaeque Majorum proprium est, facere non audeo; faciam id quod est ad severitatem lenius, et ad communem salutem utilius; nam si te interfici jussero, residebit in republicâ reliqua conjuratorum manus: sin tu, quod te jamdudum hortor, exieris, exhaurietur ex urbe tuorum comitum magna et perniciosa sentina reipublicae. Quid est, Catilina? num dubitas id, me imperante, facere, quod jam tuâ sponte faciebas? exire ex urbe Consul hostem jubet; interrogas me, num in exilium? non jubeo: sed, si me consulis, suadeo.

VI. Quid enim, Catilina, est, quod te jam in hâc tirbe delectare possit, in quâ nemo est extra istam conjurationem perditorum hominum, qui te non metuat, nemo qui te non oderit? quae nota 'domesticae turpitudinis non inusta vitae tuae est ? quod privatarum rerum dedecus non haeret infamiae ? quae libido ab oculis, quod facinus a manibus unquam tuis, quod flagitium a toto corpore abfuit? cui tu adolescentulo, quem corruptelarum illecebris irretivisses, non aut ad audaciam ferrum, aut ad

6. Id-That is, to put Catiline to death.

7. Id-That is, to force Catiline to leave the city.

8. Non jubeo-He only advises, he does not order, because to have commanded him to leave the city would have been to have assumed too much of the style and power of royalty.

9. Domesticae Turpitudinis-He had murdered his brother and and seduced his daughter.

son,

1. Libido-Besides having many intrigues of gallantry with ladies of distinction, and seducing his daughter, Catiline had viodated the chastity of a Vestal, which was a crime that subjected the parties guilty of it to death; the vestal by law was sentenced to be buried alive with funeral solemnities in a place called the Campus Sceleratus, and her paramour was to be scourged to death in the Forum.

libidinem facem praetulisti? quid verò? nuper, cùm 2 morte superioris uxoris, novis nuptiis domum vacuam fecisses, non-ne etiam alio incredibili scelere hoc scelus cumulasti? quod ego praetermitto, et facile patior sileri, ne in hâc civitate tanti facinoris immanitas aut extitisse, aut non vindicata esse videatur. Praetermitto ruinas fortunaram tuarum, quas omnes impendere tibi proximis Idibus senties; ad illa venio, quae non ad privatam ignominiam vitiorum tuorum, non ad domesticam tuam difficultatem ac turpitudinem; sed ad summam Rempub. atque ad omnium nostrum vitam salutemque pertinent.

Potest-ne tibi haec lux, Catilina, aut hujus coeli spiritus esse jucundus, cùm scias horum esse nemninem, qui nesciat te pridie Kalendas Januar. Lepido et Tullo Coss. stetisse in Comitio cum telo? "manum, Consulum et principum civitatis interficiendorum

2. Morte superioris uxoris-To induce Aurelia Orestilla to marry him, he not only had killed his son, but was also suspected of having put his wife to death.

3. Alio incredibili scelere-It had been asserted that he married one of his own illegitimate daughters.

4. Proximis Idibus-This oration was delivered on the eighth of November; the next Ides, therefore, would be on the thirteenth of the same month, (See the division of the Roman month, in Adam's Grammar.) before which time Catiline was obliged to discharge the many and great debts he owed, or to have all his estate taken from him; and as Cicero did not think that he could satisfy the demands of his creditors, he told him that his fortunes would soon be ruined.

5. Cum telo ?--It was unlawful to carry a hostile weapon into the Comitia, the Forum, or the Senate house.

6. Manum.....interficiendorum-This refers to Catiline's former attempt, when in conjunction with Sylla, Antonius, Crassus, and Julius Caesar,he designed to murder the consuls and senators, and when, by reason of the signals not being given on account of the absence of some of the conspirators, the design was frustrated. The Senate were well acquainted with Catiline's intentions, but as there was no positive proof of his guilt, they could not punish him.

causâ, paravisse ? sceleri ac furori tuo, non mentem aliquam, aut timorem tuum, sed fortunam Reipublieae obstitisse? Ac jam illa omitto: neque enim sunt aut obscura, aut non multa postea commissa ; quoties tu me designatum, quoties Consulem interficere conatus es? quot ego tuas petitiones ita conjectas, ut vitari posse non viderentur, parvâ quâdam declinatione, et, ut aiunt, corpore effugi? nihil agis, nihil assequeris, nihil moliris, quod mihi latere valeat in tempore: neque tamen conari ac velle desistis. Quoties jam tibi extorta est sica ista de manibus? quoties verò excidit casu aliquo, et elapsa est ? tamen eâ carere diutiùs non potes: quae quidem quibus abs te initiata sacris ac devota sit, nescio, quòd eam necesse putas esse Consulis in corpore defigere.

VII. Nunc verò, quae tua est ista vita? sic enim jam tecum loquar, non ut odio permotus esse videar, quo debeo; sed ut misericordiâ, quae tibi nulla debetur. Venisti paulò antè in Senatnm; quis te ex hâc tantâ frequentiâ, ex tot tuis amicis ac necessariis salutavit? Si hoc post hominum memoriamcontigit nemini, vocis,expectas contumeliam, cùm sis gravissimo judicio taciturnitatis oppressus? Quid,

7. Initiata sacris-The meaning of this passage is "Which indeed has been consecrated and devoted by you withpl know not what rites, that you should religiously think it necessary to thrust it into the body of a Consul." It was unlawful to use for common purposes the knives and other instruments devoted to sacred employments: Cicero therefore implies, that as Catiline was so accustomed to carry a dagger with an intent to kill him, he seems to have vowed to the Gods, that with it he would murder a Consul. 8. Quis te-When Catiline came to this meeting of the Senate, the Senators abandoned the seats, near which he placed himself, and not one of his friends dared to salute him.

9. Judicio taciturnitatis--The Senate's abhorrence of him and his crimes could not be more strongly expressed, than by their voiding him, and refusing to speak to him.

quòd adventu tuo ista subsellia vacua facta sunt? Quid, quòd omnes 'consulares, qui tibi persaepe ad caedem constituti fuerunt, simul atque assedisti, par. tem istam subselliorum nudam, atque inanem reliquerunt? Quo tandem animo hoc tibi ferendum putas? Servi, mehercule, mei, si me isto pacto. metuerent, ut te metuunt omnes cives tui, domum meam relinquendam putarem: tu tibi urbem non arbitraris? et, si me meis civibus injuriâ suspectum tam graviter atque infensum viderem, carere me aspectu civium, quàm infestis oculis omnium conspici mallem: tu cùm conscientiâ scelerum tuorum agnoscas odium omnium justum, et jam tibi diu debitum, dubitas, quorum mentes, sensusque vulneras, eorum aspectum praesentiamque vitare?

Si te parentes timerent, atque odissent tui, neque eos ullâ ratione placare posses; ut opinor, ab eorum oculis aliquò concederes; nunc te patria, quae communis est omnium nostrûm parens, odit ac metuit: et jamdiu de te nihil judicat, nisi de parricidio suo, cogitare: hujus tu neque auctoritatem verebere, neque judicium sequere, neque vim pertimesces? quae tecum, Catilina, sic agit, et quodammodo tacita loquitur: Nullum jam tot annos facinus extitit, nisi per te nullum flagitium sine te tibi uni multorum civium neces, tibi vexatio direptioque socio

1. Consulares-This title was conferred on those, who had been Consuls.

2. Tibi This word in this place has the signification of a te. 3. Civium neces-Catiline was an active agent in putting to death the persons, whom Sylla proscribed, and was protected from punishment by the authority of the Dictator.

4. Vexatio........impunita-When Catiline was Praetor, he ob

causâ, paravisse ? sceleri ac furori tuo, non mentem aliquam, aut timorem tuum, sed fortunam Reipublieue obstitisse? Ac jam illa omitto: neque enim sunt aut obscura, aut non multa postea commissa ; quoties tu me designatum, quoties Consulem interficere conatus es? quot ego tuas petitiones ita conjectas, ut vitari posse non viderentur, parvâ quâdam declinatione, et, ut aiunt, corpore effugi? nihil agis, nihil assequeris, nihil moliris, quod mihi latere valeat in tempore: neque tamen conari ac velle desistis. Quoties jam tibi extorta est sica ista de manibus? quoties verò excidit casu aliquo, et elapsa est? tamen eâ carere diutiùs non potes: quae quidem quibus abs te initiata sacris ac devota sit, nescio, quòd eam necesse putas esse Consulis in corpore defigere.

VII. Nunc verò, quae tua est ista vita? sic enim jam tecum loquar, non ut odio permotus esse videar, quo debeo; sed ut misericordiâ, quae tibi nulla debetur. Venisti paulò antè in Senatnm; quis te ex hâc tantâ frequentiâ, ex tot tuis amicis ac necessariis salutavit? Si hoc post hominum memoriamcontigit nemini, vocis,expectas contumeliam, cùm sis gravissimo judicio taciturnitatis oppressus? Quid,

7. Initiata sacris-The meaning of this passage is "Which indeed has been consecrated and devoted by you withpl know not what rites, that you should religiously think it necessary to thrust it into the body of a Consul." It was unlawful to use for common purposes the knives and other instruments devoted to sacred employments: Cicero therefore implies, that as Catiline was so accustomed to carry a dagger with an intent to kill him, he seems to have vowed to the Gods,that with it he would murder a Consul. 8. Quis te-When Catiline came to this meeting of the Senate, the Senators abandoned the seats, near which he placed himself, and not one of his friends dared to salute him.

9. Judicio taciturnitatis--The Senate's abhorrence of him and his crimes could not be more strongly expressed, than by their avoiding him, and refusing to speak to him.