Educational News and Comment -Under the direction of M. Claudia Williams, supervisor of speech correction in the Cleveland public schools, a remarkably successful work was accomplished during the school year 1920-21. A recently published report by Miss Williams shows that nearly 2,000 cases of defective speech have been cured in one year. The city maintains 141 speech classes and engages 26 special speech teachers for this important work. -The colleges and universities of the United States are taking an ever-increasing interest in the development of music as a social, cultural and professional subject and are granting counts toward college degrees for proficiency in music. According to a recent bulletin of the U. S. Bureau of Education there are 194 colleges which allow entrance credit in some form of music. In 190 theoretical music is recognized for entrance credit, and 154 grant entrance credit for appreciation. "Applied music," meaning performance on the piano, violin, voice, etc., is given entrance credit in 88 colleges. Ohio, Illinois, and Iowa have the largest number of institutions offering such credit. -A bust of Cardinal Mercier, Primate of Belgium, was presented to New York University on December 17 by a group of Belgians and Americans whose hope it is that the bust will perpetuate in the minds of young Americans the fullest appreciation of the heroic conduct of the prelate during the World War. The sculpture was executed by C. S. Paolo and presented to the university on behalf of the committee of which he was honorary president by Baron Cartier de Marchienne, Belgian ambassador to the United States. -Bertram Donald Holderman, a sixteen-year-old freshman at Penn State College attained an unprecedented record in a psychological test recently given to all first year students. In twentythree minutes of the half hour allowed for the test he made a score of 163 out of a possible 168, a feat declared by psychologists to happen only once in several thousand cases. Holderman, the youngest student in college, had previously shown ability as an unusually bright student. Another psychological test was the means of his receiving a scholarship. -New Jersey states that 80 per cent of their schools report increased salaries for teachers this year. Seventy-nine per cent of the Wisconsin cities reported increases this year. -Dr. Walter B. Swift, who was in charge of summer instruction on the elimination of speech disorders at Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill., last summer, is one of the few distinguished leaders in this field. He has an extended private practice during the year at his office, 110 Bay State road, Boston. -Dr. John O. Hall, dean of the College of Commerce of Research University, Washington, D. C., has published a new book entitled "When I Was a Boy in Norway." King Haakon VII of Norway sent Dr. Hall autographed photographs of himself, his queen, and Prince Olav, which are printed in the volume. This book appeals to the young and is worthy of a place in every school library. -The late General Rush C. Hawkins, who organized and commanded the Hawkins Zouaves in the Civil War, left an estate of upwards of a million dollars. According to the terms of the will this large sum will be divided for charitable and educational purposes as fol lows: The Actors' Fund of America $200,000, Norwich University, Northfield, Vt., $339,818; Brown University, $100,000; University of Vermont, $100,000; Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, $100,000; AntiVivisection Society, London, $25,000, and Florence Crittenton League. $10,000. -Miss Eleanor Ransom is one of the freshman honor group of students of Vassar College. Entering at the age of 15 Miss Ransom's case is a striking product of the delayed education theory. Her mother, Dr. Eliza T. Ransom of Boston, head of the Twilight Sleep Hospital, did not have her begin school until she was nine years old. During six years she covered the work of the grades and high school and passed the Vassar entrance examinations with such high honors that she was classed among the honor group. She is at present maintaining the same high record of scholarship. -The growing movement of industrial art in our public schools has made the use of colored papers of almost as much importance as water colors themselves. Teachers have found that children can "draw" posters, dress designs and wall elevations for the study of interior decoration with a pair of scissors and some colored papers even better than they can with pencil or water colors. The enterprising Prang Company of Chicago, Ill., is now supplying a new line of "Prismex Colored Papers," which combine the brilliant color quality of "Prismo Papers" with the dull finish texture of "Enginex Papers." On account of their fine stock, these new papers have remarkable folding qualities, which enables them to be used as construction papers for hand work and mounting purposes. Art teachers may secure a free sample book of these papers from the publishers upon request. -About 3,000 school children in Milwaukee, from the third to eighth grade, have been given tests in arithmetic including all the various number combinations involved in addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, by Prof. F. L. Clapp of the University of Wisconsin School of Education, in the course of a study of the sources of errors in the simple number combinations. -The department of education of Mexico City, has pensioned one of the most remarkable musical geniuses that Mexico has produced in many years in the person of Elena Sanchez Acuna. Although she is but twelve years old, she is mistress of the most difficult of all instruments, the violin, and in recent contests easily proved herself superior to all the pupils of the famous "maestro," Miss Sanchez Acuna Carlos Huerta. will be sent to noted musical centers in Europe at the government's expense to complete her education. the -The annual convention of American Association for the Advancement of Science was held in Toronto, Canada, December 28-31. Dr. L. O. Howard, chief of the bureau of entomology of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, is the president of the associa tion. Many of the leading scientists of the United States were in attendance and matters of great importance to scientific men throughout the world were discussed. -The annual joint meeting of the American Federation of Anatomists and the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology was held at Yale University, December 28. The latter body is a union of physiologists, biological chemists and pathologists. The program called for the reading of many papers, technical and scientific, but the interest was in the discussions and demonstrations of new apparatus and microscopic preparations. COLLEGE NOTES -The department of geology at Mount Holyoke College, in replacing collections lost by fire, has obtained a slab of Connecticut valley sandstone, on which are found fossilized mud cracks and ripple marks of bygone ages, and with them seven footprints made by giant dinosaurs. The slab is an unusually good specimen, as both sides have marks of geological interest. It measures 12 feet by 6 feet. -There are 13,855 students enrolled at the University of Pennsylvania, according to final figures recently made public by Acting Provost Josiah H. Penniman. This is an increase of 2,198 over last year and is the largest enrollment in the history of the institution. The students come from every state in the Union and from forty-five foreign countries. Pennsylvania leads with 10,096. -Henry Turner Eddy, 77, professor and dean emeritus of the University of Minnesota, and a prominent scientist, died December 11. He was at one time a member of the faculty of Cornell University. -Mrs. Stephen V. Harkness of New York city, widow of one of the earliest partners of John D. Rockefeller, was the anonymous donor who gave $3,000,000 to Yale last commencement on condition that the university raise $2,000,000 more to increase salaries of members of the faculty. It was accepted by the university, which appealed to its alumni and friends to contribute the required $2,000,000. Pledges have been obtained for the full amount, and it is now certain that the entire $5,000,000 will be used for increasing the salaries of the teaching staff. Dormitories given by Mrs. Harkness in 1917, in memory of her son, were the largest single gift in the history of Yale. GUY POTTER BENTON, LL.D. -Guy Potter Benton, former president of the University of Vermont, was recently inaugurated as president of the University of the Philippines. A number of honorary degrees were conferred at the inaugural exercises, among them that of doctor of laws upon Governor General Wood. -Mrs. Gertrude Shepperd Loomis, for three years assistant professor of French at Vassar college, died December 12. Mrs. Loomis was a graduate of Wellesley and received her doctor of philosophy degree at Radcliffe. She was the author of many books relating to the French language. Her husband, Roger Loomis, is an instructor at Columbia University. -Officers from the United States, Japanese and Argentine navies constitute a picked group of engineers pursuing advanced training in the engineering schools of Columbia University, where special fields of higher naval instruction have been marked out. This work, it was said, represents a development of the American policy of school ing a certain percentage of naval officers in advanced engineering to fit them. to meet the rapidly expanding problems of naval construction and operation. To co-operate with the university and the navy, a group of experts from the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company have been engaged as special lecturers on the steam turbine for the spring session. These experts will work under Harry L. Parr, associate professor of mechanical engineering. -In order to give men who finish their college course in the middle of the academic year a chance to begin their business training at once, the Harvard Business School will adopt experimentally this year a new policy of admitting a limited group of carefully selected college graduates on January 30. The program of work will be so adjusted that they will be able to complete the regular course for the degree of Master of Business Administration in the usual time of two years, graduating in January, 1924. -Prof. F. B. Boswell, head of the department of psychology at Hobart College, made use of the Army Alpha Intelligence Test to determine the intelligence quotient of all the members of the entering class last fall at that college. The results were encouraging as the class this year showed a considerably higher average intelligence than the classes entering during the war and the year after its end. -Henri Chamard, teacher of American soldiers at the University of Paris during the Armistice, and an international authority on the literature of the French Renaissance, delivered the first of a series of three lectures in December, the first of which was "The Lyricism of Victor Hugo.' The lectures were arranged by the Columbia Department of Romance Languages for the academic year and are given under the auspices of University Extension by the depart ment in co-operation with the Institute of Arts and Sciences. -Prof. Ralph B. Yewdale of the history department, one of the most brilliant of the younger men on the faculty of the University of Wisconsin, was accidently killed on Nov. 25 at the home of his parents in Milwaukee. The accident occurred while he was cleaning an army automatic pistol which he had used in service. Although but 29 years old, Mr. Yewdale had attained the rank of assistant professor and was considered one of the most promising young scholars in the field of modern European history. Graduated from the University of Wisconsin in 1914, he received the master's degree in 1915 from Wisconsin, and later the doctor of philosophy degree from Princeton after two years of work there. -Professor Albert Stanley, who retired last June after thirty-three years' service as director of the University of Michigan school of music, was married on December 1 to Miss Dora Oestreicher of Ann Arbor. Prof. and Mrs. Stanley left immediately for the east, preparatory to a trip to Europe, where he will devote much of his time during the next few years to musical composition, and in addition will complete a scientific study of the origin and development of musical instruments, later writing a history on the subject. -A conference of men from institutions in the Mississippi valley states, engaged in training teachers of the manual arts and industrial education, was held at the University of Michigan on December 8-10. Prof. George E. Myers of the education department of the University of Michigan, directed the conference. President Marion L. Burton, Dean Allen S. Whitney and Professor Myers addressed the conference. -In addition to the many special and technical courses offered at Research University, Washington, D. C., the following free courses are open to all students during the winter quarter which began December 12: General Psychology, taught by President Rapeer; Points of Law That Women Should Know by Clayton E. Emig; Introductory Geology by Professor Dodge; Chinese by S. T. Wang; and Social Dancing by Velma Jabas and Jean B. Holt. -The Vassar College Endowment Fund committee recently announced that about two-thirds of the drive for $3,000,000 had been raised. The largest individual contribution was $100,000 and was made by Edward S. Harkness of New York city. -The University of South Carolina will establish a high power wireless telephone and telegraph receiving station on the university campus to be used for the purpose of sending information as to markets, etc., throughout the state. Receiving sets can be bought or built at a comparatively small cost and in this way it is felt that the university will be able to furnish farmers and others throughout the state with the latest market news sent out from various government stations. Law Department of the University of Wisconsin has been appointed vice-governor general of the Philippine Islands. Professor Gilmore has been connected with the University of Wisconsin since 1902, and during 1912 and 1913 and again during the World War, was acting dean of the law school. For some time during that period he was a non-resident lecturer on law at the University of the Philippines. In recent years he has published numerous volumes, as well as monographs on special phases of jurisprudence. -Prof. Gordon Jennings Laing, Ph. D., chairman of the Department of the Latin Language and Literature at the University of Chicago, who was recently elected dean of the faculty of arts and head of the department of classics at McGill University, Montreal, was the speaker at the convocation of the University of Chicago December 20. The subject of his address was "The Humanities and the Trend of Education.' Professor Laing, who received his doctor's degree from Johns Hopkins University and has been a lecturer at the University of Toronto and Bryn Mawr College, has been connected with the Department of Latin at the University of -Prof. Eugene Allen Gilmore of the Chicago for more than twenty years. New York State Section Governor Miller on Rural Schools In his annual message to the Legislature on January 4, Governor Miller makes several recommendations regarding child welfare and the present conditions of rural schools. The governor favors the establishment of children's courts in each county to deal with neglected and delinquent children, county boards of child welfare to look after dependent children and better facilities to educate and train physically handicapped children, particularly the blind, deaf and crippled. The governor in his discussion of the rural school problem said: "No more important educational problem exists in the state than that suggested by the present condition of the rural schools. The state has gradually increased the amount of its contributions to the support of common schools, but the rural schools have not improved. The cost of maintaining inefficient |