antea perpessos. Nos eam rem in medio relinque mus. De superiore conjuratione satis dictum.

XX. CATILINA ubi eas, quos paullo ante menoravi, convenisse videt; tametsi cum singulis multa saepe egerat, tamen in rem fore credens universos adpellare et cohortari, in abditam partem aedium secedit; atque ibi, omnibus arbitris procul amotis, orationem hujuscemodi habuit. "Ni virtus fidesque vestra spectata mihi forent, nequidquam opportuna res cecidisset; spes magna, dominatio, in manibus frustra fuissent: neque ego, per ignaviam, aut vana ingenia, incerta pro certis captarem. Sed, quia multis et magnis tempestatibus vos cognovi fortes fidosque mihi, eo animus "ausus maxumum atque pulcherrumum facinus incipere: simul, quia vobis, eadem mihi, bona malaque intellexi; nam idem velle atque nolie, ea denium firma amicitia est. Sed ego quae mente agitavi, omnes jam antea diversi audistis. Ceterum mihi in dies magis animus accenditur, cum considero, quae conditio vitae futura sit, nisi nosmet ipsi vindicamus in libertatem. Nam, postquam respublica in paucorum jus

q Relinquemus. Some editions have relinquimus. In medio relinquere, to leave undetermined.

r In rem. For his interest, advantage, or purpose.

s Secedit. In other editions secessit, which is certainly preferable, because habuit is connected to it by atque; unless secedit be considered as the old præterperfect tense of the verb.

-t Spectata. In some editions we find satis spectata. u Dominatio. In some editions dominationis

-fuisset.

v Ego. Both in this and the next sentence is used emphatically, and therefore elegantly expressed.

w Ausus. In most editions sum is expressed after ausus, whereas in that of Cortius, sum, est and esse are constantly and elegantly understood.

x Incipere. Used for suscipere.

y Eadem mihi. In most editions eadem quæ mihi, which pleases me better.

z Atque. In some editions the words are atque idem. The fast idem appears superfluous.

atque ditionem concessit, semper illis reges, atetrai chae vectigales esse ; populi, nationes stipendia pendere; ceteri omnes, strenui, boni, nobiles atque ignobiles, vulgus fuimus, sine gratia, sine auctoritate, his obnoxii, quibus, si respublica valeret, formidini essemus. liaque omnis gratia, potentia, honos, divitiae apud illos sunt, aut ubi illi volunt : repulsas nobis reliquere, pericula, judicia, egesta tem. Quae quousque tandem patiemini, fortissumi viri ? Nonne demori per virtutem praestat, quam vitam miseram atque inhonestam, ubi alienae superbiae ludibrio fueris, per dedecus amittere ? Verum enim vero, pro deûm atque hominum fidem ! victoria nobis in manu: viget aetas, animus valet : contra illis, annis atque divitiis, omnia consenuerunt. Tantum modo incepto opus est: ecetera res expediet. Etenim quis mortalium cui virile ingenium, tolerare potest, illis divitias superare, quas profundant in extruendo mari et montibus coaequandis; nobis rem familiarem etiam ad necessaria deesse? illos binas, aut famplius, domost continuare; nobis glarem familiarem nusquam ullum esse?

a Tetrarcha. A tetrarch was governor of the fourth part of a province.

b Populi, nationes. Natio denotes the whole people, gens a family, and populi tribes, several of which go to compose a

nation.

c Valeret. Were vigorous.

d Emori. To die outright. N. B. Less important variations, especially in the order of the words, are generally unnoticed.

e Cetera res expediet. A phrase which will hardly admit of a literal translation: the meaning is, the rest will follow of course. f Aut amplius. Amplius is precisely the word applicable to the verb continuare. Aut plures would have been less elegant. Continuare binas domos, &c. They erect two houses together, or contiguous, or even continue their building farther.

g Larem. Lar properly signifies a family god: sometimes by Meton, a house or hearth,

Cum tabulas, signa, toreumata emunt; nova diruunt, alia aedificant; postremo omnibus modis pecuniam trahunt, vexant: tamen summa lubidine

divitias vincere nequeunt. At nobis domi inopia, foris aes alienum ; mala res, spes multo asperior : denique, quid reliqui habemus, praeter miseram animam? Quin igitur expergiscimini? En illa, illa quam saepe optastis, libertas, praeterea divitiae, decus, gloria, in oculis sita sunt! fortuna omnia victoribus praemia posuit. Res, tempus, pericula, egestas, belli spolia magnifica magis, quam oratio, hortentur. Vel imperatore, vel milite me utimini : neque animus, neque corpus a vobis aberit. Haec ipsa, ut spero, vobiscum consul agam; nisi forte animus fallit, et vos servire, quam imperare, parati

estis."

XXI. POSTQUAM accepere ea homines, quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque 'res, neque spes bona ulla; tamen etsi illis quieta movere, magna merces videbatur, tamen postulare plerique, uti proponeret, quae conditio belli foret ; quae praemia armis peterent; quid mubique opis aut spei haberent. Tum Catilina polliceri tabulas novas, proscriptionem locupletium, magistratus, sacerdo

h Nova. Aedificia must be understood.

i Trahunt, vexant. They scrape together, they squander.Some suppose trahunt to be used for distrahunt, they dissipate.

k Summa, &c. They cannot exhaust their riches by the greatest extravagance. N. B. In Cortius's edition, the pronouns not emphatical, nor absolutely necessary to the sense, are constantly and elegantly omitted.

1 Res. Property.

m Quid ubique. Sallust both here and elsewhere uses ubique for et ubi.

n Tabulas novas. An abolition or remission of debts. The Romans kept their accounts on tables cogered with wax, and when the debts were discharged, the former marks were smoothed over with the flat side of the stilus, and the tables were ready for a new score.

• Proscriptionem. Proscription, a pernicious practice intro

tia, rapinas, alia omnia quae bellum atque lubido victorum fert. Praeterea esse in Hispania Pciteriore Pisonem, in Mauritania cum exercitu P. Sittium Nucerinum, consilii sui participes: petere consulatum C. Antonium, quem sibi collegam fore speraret, hominem et familiarem, et omnibus necessitudinibus circumventum: eo consulem initium

agendi facturum. Ad hoc, maledictis rincrepat omnis bonos: suorum unumquemque nominans laudare admonebat alium egestatis, alium cupiditatis suae, complures periculi aut ignominiae, multos victoriae Sullanae, quibus ea praedae fuerat. Postquam omnium animos alacris videt; cohortatus, ut petitionem suam curae haberent, conventum dimisit.

XXII. FUERE ea tempestate, qui dicerent, Catilinam, oratione habita, cum ad jusjurandum popularis sceleris sui adigeret, humani corporis sanguinem, vino permixtum, in pateris circumtulisse ; inde, cum post exsecrationem omnes degustavissent sicuti in solemnibus sacris fieri consuevit, aperuisse consilium suum, atque eo, dictitare, fecisse, quo inter se fidi magis forent, alius alii tanti facinoris conscii. Nonnulli ficta haec, multa prae terea, existumabant, ab iis, qui Ciceronis invidiam,

duced during the civil wars. The victorious party set up tableta in public places, containing the names of their enemies, and offering a reward to the person who should assassinate them: the goods of the proscribed were also confiscated and sold.

p Citeriore. Hither Spain, i. e. the division of the country next to Italy.

q Eo. Cum being understood; in some editions it is expressed, as is commonly the case, when accompanyment is signified. r Increpat. Some editions have increpabat.

s Admonebat. In some other editions admonere.

t Alius—conscii. A partitive pronoun singular joined to a plural adjective.

quae postea orta est, leniri credebant atrocitate sceleris eorum, qui poenas dederant. Nobis ea res pro magnitudine parum comperta est.

XXIII. SED in ea "conventione fuit Q. Curius, natus haud obscuro loco, flagitiis atque facinoribus coopertus; quem censores senatu, probri gratia, wamoverant. Huic homini non minor vanitas, quam audacia: neque reticere, quae audierat, neque suamet ipse scelera occultare: prorsus neque dicere, neque facere, quidquam pensi habebat. Erat ei cum Fulvia, muliere nobili, stupri vetus consuetudo cui cum minus gratus esset, quia inopia minus largiri poterat, repente glorians maria montesque polliceri coepit; minari interdum ferro, nisi obnoxia foret; postremo ferocius agitare, quam solitus erat. At Fulvia, insolentiae Curii caussa cognita, tale periculum reipublicae haud occultum habuit; sed, sublato auctore, de Catilinae conjuratione quae quoque modo audierat, compluribus narravit. Ea res imprimis studia hominum accendit ad consulatum mandandum M. Tullio Ciceroni. Namque antea pleraque nobilitas invidia aestuabat,

u Conventione: In some editions conjuratione. The former seems the proper term in this place.

v Flagitiis, &c. Facinus implies any action, good or bad; scelus a wicked action, and flagitium, an action both wicked and disgraceful; scandalous, flagitious.

w Amoverant. In some editions moverant. The former seems preferable. The censors were officers of the highest dignity in the state, and their station was reckoned more honourable than that of the consuls. They took a survey of the people and their property every fifth year, and punished by disgrace or degradation of rank; their office being instituted for preserving the morals of the people, as well as for the apportionment of taxes.

x Vanitas. Inerat understood; in some editions it is expressed. y Sublato auctore. Having concealed the name of her inform

ant.

z Pleraque. Observe here that pleraque is in the nominative singular.