et quasi pollui consulatum credebant, si eum, quamvis egregius, homo "novus adeptus foret. Sed, ubi periculum advenit, invidia atque superbia postfuere.

XXIV. IGITUR, comitiis habitis, consules declarantur M. Tullius et C. Antonius; quod factum primo popularis conjurationis concusserat. Neque tamen Catilinae furor minuebatur: sed in dies plura agitare; arma per Italiam locis opportunis parare; pecuniam, sua aut amicorum fide, sumtam mutuam, Faesulas ad Manlium quemdam portare, qui postea princeps fuit belli faciundi. Ea tempestate plurimos cujusque generis hómines adscivisse dicitur; mulieres etiam aliquot, quae primo ingentis sumtus stupro corporis toleraverant; post, ubi aetas tantummodo quaestui, neque luxuriae, modum fecerat, aes alienum grande conflaverant per eas se Cati- ! lina credebat posse servitia urbana sollicitare, urbem incendere, viros earum vel adjungere sibi, vel interficere.

. XXV. SED in his erat Sempronia, quae multa saepe virilis audaciae facinora commiserat. Haec mulier genere atque forma, praeterea viro, liberis satis fortunata: litteris Graecis atque Latinis docta: psallere, saltare elegantius, quam necesse est probae: multa alia, quae instrumenta luxuriae. Sed ei cariora semper omnia, quam decus atque pudicitia fuit: pecuniae an famae minus parceret, haud

a Credebant. Rather credebat, as connected to astuabat : though nobilitas might otherwise admit a plural verb.

b Novus. A new man, a person who rose by his own merit, none of whose ancestors had held a curule office.

c Fasulas. Fæsulæ, a town of Tuscany, towards the Apennine mountains.

d Ubi. This word is more frequently used for cum by this author, than by any other.

e Multa alia. These words are governed by docta.

D

facile fdecerneres: lubido sic accensa, ut saepius peteret viros, quam peteretur, Sed ea saepe antehac fidem prodiderat, creditum abjuraverat, caedis conscia fuerat, luxuria atque inopia praeceps, abierat. Verum ingenium ejus haud absurdum : posse versus facere, jocum movere, sermone uti vel modesto, vel molli, vel procaci: prorsus multae facetiae multusque lepos inerat.

XXVI. His Rebus comparatis, Catilina nihilo minus in proxumum annum consulatum petebat ; sperans, si designatus foret, facile se ex voluntate Antonio usurum. Neque interea quietus erat, sed omnibus modis insidias parabat Ciceroni. Neque illi tamen ad cavendum dolus, aut astutiæ deerant. Namque, a principio consulatus sui, multa pollicendo per Fulviam, effecerat, ut Q. Curius, de quo paullo ante memoravi, consilia Catilinae sibi proderet. Ad hoc, collegam suum Antonium pactione "provinciae iperpulerat, ne contra rempublicam sentiret; circum se praesidia amicorum atque 'clientium occulte habebat. Postquam dies mcomi

f Decerneres. Other editions have discerneres. Either is admissible.

g Modesto, &c. Language modest, amorous, or wanton. h Provincia. The province of Macedonia, which bad fallen to the lot of Cicero, he yielded to Anthony.

i Perpulerat. Had gained over, conciliated, or prevailed upon. k Ne contra, &c. That he should not cherish sentiments contrary to the interest of the state.

I Clientium. Romulus ordained that every plebeian should choose from the patricians some individual for his patron and protector, whose client he was called. It was the patron's duty to advise, defend, and assist his client with his interest and substance. The client was bound to respect his patron, and to serve him with his life and fortune.

m Comitiorum. Of election. Comitium, in the singular, denoted the place, or part of the forum, where the people assembled in the plural it signified an assembly of the whole people for the election of magistrates: hence, in the present

tiorum venit, et Catilinae neque petitio, neque insidiae quas "consulibus in campo fecerat, prospere cessere constituit bellum facere, et extrema omnia experiri, quoniam quae occulte tentaverat, aspera foedaque evenerant.

XXVII. IGITUR C. Manlium Faesulas atque in eam partem Etruriae, Septimium quemdam, Camertem, in agrum Picenum, C. Julium in Apuliam dimisit; praeterea alium alio, quem ubique opportunum credebat. Interea Romae multa simul moliri consuli insidias tendere, parare incendia, opportuna loca armatis hominibus obsidere: ipse rcum telo esse, item alios jubere: hortari, uti semper intenti paratique essent: dies noctesque festinare, vigilare, neque insomniis neque labore fatigari, Postremo, ubi multa agitanti nihil procedit, rursus intempesta nocte conjurationis principes convocat per M. Porcium Laecam : ibique, multa de ignavia eorum questus, docet, "se Manlium prae

case it may be translated election. Concilium signified an assembly of only a part of the people.

n Consulibus in campo. Some editions have consuli, referring to Cicero, without campo. The campus martius was a spacious plane along the Tiber, where the Roman youth performed their exercises, and where the comitia centuriata were held for choosing the greater magistrates, consuls, prætors, and censors, and for passing the laws proposed by them. This plane was originally the property of the Tarquins, and was after their expulsion consecrated to Mars.

o Cumertem. A Camertian, from a city in Umbria, called Ca merinum, Camerta, or Camers, now Camerino, within the territories of the pope.

p Agrum Picenum. The march of Ancona comprehends the greater part of Picenum. Ager was used to denote a small district, which took its name from the chief town in it.

q Apuliam. A part of Italy lying along the Adriatic, between Daunia and Calabria, now called La Puglia.

r Cum telo esse. He carried a weapon about him : a phrase taken from the twelve tables.

s Intempesta nocte. In the dead of night, far on in the night, when the night was far advanced.

misisse ad eam multitudinem, quam ad capiunda arma paraverat; item alios in alia loca opportuna, qui initium belli facerent; seque ad exercitum proficisci cupere, si prius Ciceronem oppressisset: eum suis consiliis multum obficere."

XXVIII. IGITUR, pertérritis ac dubitantibus cetéris, C. Cornelius,, eques Romanus, operam suam pollicitus, et cum eo L. Vargunteius, senátor, constitúere ea noćte paullo "post, cum armatis hominibus, sicuti salutatum, introire ad Cicerónem, ac de improviso domi suae imparatum confodere. Curíus, ubi vintellegit quantum periculi consuli impendeat, propere per Fulviam, dolum qui' parabatur, enunciat. Ita illi, janua prohibiti, tantum facinus frustra susceperant. Interea Manlius in Etruria plebem sollicitare, egestate simul, ac dolere injuriae, novarum rerum cupidam, quod, Sullae domi. natione, agros bonaque omnia amiserat ; praeterea latrones cujusque generis, quorum in ea regione magna copia erat; nonnullos ex Sullanis colonis, quibus lubido atque luxuria ex magnis rapinis nihil reliqui fecerant.

ي

XXIX. EA cum Ciceroni nunciarentur, sancipiti malo permotus, quod neque urbem ab insidiis privato consilio longius tueri poterat, neque exercitus Manlii quantus, aut quo consilio foret, satis compertum habebat, vrem ad senatum refert, jam

"

t Obficere. An archaism for officere.

u Post. A preposition used adverbially by enallage.

v Intellegit. An archaism for intelligit; thus in the next chapter, volgi for vulgi.

w Sullanis colonis. The soldiers of Sylla settled as colonists on the lands of the Tuscans, who had embraced the party of Marius.

x Ancipiti malo. By the double danger, both within and with. out the city.

y Rem ad senatum refert. Lays the matter before the senate, proposes it to the senate. Referre senatui, to relate to the senate.

antea volgi rumoribus exagitatam. Itaque, quod plerumque in atroci negotio solet, senatus decrevit,

DARENT OPERAM CONSULES, NE QUID RESPUBLICA DE

TRIMENTI CAPERET. Ea potestas per senatum, more Romano, magistratui maxuma permittitur; exerci tum parare, bellum gerere, coërcere omnibus modis socios atque civis ; domi militiaeque imperium atque judicium summum habere: aliter, sine populi jussu, nulli earum rerum consuli jus est.

XXX. POST paucos dies L. Saenius, senator, in senatu litteras recitavit, quas Faesulis adlatas sibi dicebat; in quibus scriptum erat, C. Manlium arma cepisse, cum magna multitudine, ante diem vi. Kalendas Novembris. Simul, id quod in tali re solet, alii portenta atque prodigia nunciabant; alii conventus fieri, arma portari, Capuae atque in Apulia servile bellum moveri. Igitur senati decreto Q. Marcius Rex Faesulas, Q. Metellus Creticus in Apuliam circumque loca missi: ii utrique ead urbem imperatores erant; impediti, ne trium. pharent, calumnia paucorum, quibus omnia fhonesta atque inhonesta vendere mos erat. Sed praetores, Q. Pompeius Rufus Capuam, Q. Metellus Celer in agrum Picenum; iisque permissum, "uti pro tempore atque periculo exercitum compararent." Ad hoc," si quis indicavisset de conjura

z Ea. This word is in the ablative: and the sentence may be supplied thus: Ea formula decreti, potestas, &c.

a Ante diem sextam kalendas. For diem sextum ante kalendas.
b Capue. At Capua, a noblę city of Campania, on the Tuscan

sea.

c Senati. All nouns of the fourth declension had formerly their genitives in i.

d Circumque. Circum is here taken for circumjacentia.

e Ad urbem. At or near the city Generals who expected a triumph were not allowed to enter the city before their triumph. f Honesta. Honestus rarely signifies honest in good authors; generally, virtuous, honourable.