C. CRISPI

SALLUSTII.

BELLUM CATILINARIUM.

OMNIS homines qui esese student praestare ceteris animalibus, summa ope niti decet, vitam silentio ne transeant, veluti pecora, quae natura prona, atque ventri obedientia, finxit. Sed nostra omnis vis in animo et corpore esita: animi imperio, corporis servitio magis utimur: falterum nobis cum dis, alterum cum belluis commune est. Quo mihi rectius videtur ingenii, quam virium opibus, gloriam quaerere; et, quoniam vita ipsa, qua fruimur, brevis est, memoriam nostri quam maxume longam efficere. Nam divitiarum et formae gloria fluxa atque fragilis; virtus clara aeternaque habetur

a Omnis. The accusative plural, more usually written omnes. Nouns whose genitive plural ends in ium, have es, is, or eis in the accusative plural. These accusatives in is, however, have their last syllable always long, because it originates from the dipthongal syllable eis which was the most ancient termination. b Homines. Homo properly signifies one of the human species, and includes both sexes.

c Sese student præstare. A pleonasm for student præstare. d Prona. Bending, or stooping downward.

e Sita. Est is understood: in some copies it is expressed. The substantive verb is frequently understood in the best authors, particularly in Sallust.

f Alterum. Alter signifies one of two, alius one of many.

g Quo. Used for qua propter, wherefore.

h Memoriam nostri. The remembrance of ourselves; memoriam nostram, our memory, referring to the mental faculty.

i Quam maxume longam. As long as possible.

B

Sed diu magnum inter mortalis certamen fuit, vine corporis, an virtute animi, res militaris magis procederet. Nam et prius, quam incipias, consulto; et, ubi consulueris, mature facto opus est. utrumque per se indigens, alterum alterius auxilio eget.

Ita

II. IGITUR initio reges (nam in terris nomen 'imperii id primum fuit) diversi, pars ingenium, alii corpus exercebant: et jam tum vita hominum sine cupiditate agitabatur; sua cuique satis placebant. Postea vero quam in Asia Cyrus, in Graecia Lacedaemonii et Athenienses coepere urbes atque nationes subigere, plubidinem dominandi caussam belli habere, maxumam gloriam in maxumo imperio putare; tum demum periculo atque negotiis compertum est, in bello plurimum ingenium posse. Quod si regum atque imperatorum animi virtus in pace ita, uti in bello, valeret, aequabilius atque constantius sese res humanae haberent neque aliud alio ferri, neque mutari ac misceri cmnia cerneres. Nam imperium facile his artibus

k Incipias. Before you begin, instead of, before one begins. The second person is thus frequently used with much elegance. 1 Imperii. Of government, i. e. of those who exercised dominion, or administered government. The office put for the officer. A

Meton.

m Diversi. Agreeing with reges.

n Agitabatur. Used for agebatur; the frequentative for the simple verb: a practice very frequent with our authur.

o Cyrus. The Great, founder of the Persian empire.

q Quod si.

p Lubidinem dominandi. Ambition, a desire of dominion. But if Quod before si is commonly used for sed. r Equabilius & constantius, &c. Would be more uniform and steady. A more elegant expression than æquabiliores & constantiores essent.

s Aliud alio ferri. In expressions of this kind, that the meaning may be more clear and explicit in English, the Latin words must be repeated.

t Misceri. To be thrown into confusion.

retinetur, quibus initio partum est. Verum, ubi pro labore desidia, pro 'continentia et aequitate lubido atque superbia invasere, fortuna simul cum moribus immutatur. Ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur. X Quae homines warant, navigant, aedificant, virtuti omnia parent. Sed multi mortales, dediti ventri atque somno, indocti incultique vitam, sicuti peregrinantes, transegere; quibus, profecto contra naturam, corpus voluptati, anima oneri fuit. Eorum ego

vitam mortemque juxta aestumo, quoniam de utraque siletur. Verum enim vero is demum mihi vivere atque frui anima videtur, qui, aliquo negotio intentus, praeclari facinoris, aut artis bonae famam quaerit. Sed, vin magna copia rerum, aliud alii natura iter ostendit,

III. PULCHRUM est bene facere reipublicae : etiam bene dicere haud absurdum est. Vel pace, vel bello, clarum fieri licet: et qui fecere, et qui facta aliorum scripsere, multi laudantur. Ac mihi quidem, atamen etsi haudquaquam par gloria sequatur scriptorem et bauctorem rerum, tamen in primis arduum videtur res gestas scribere: primum, quod facta dictis sunt exaequanda : dehinc, quia plerique, quae

u Pro labore. Labor is here taken for a disposition to labour. v Pro continentia, &c. Instead of moderation and equity, passion and pride.

w Arant, &c. An unusual mode of writing, for arando, navigando, &c. parant.

x Juxta. Alike. A preposition used adverbially by enallage. y In magna copia rerum. In the great variety of employments. z Aliud alii. To comprehend this mode of expression, which often occurs, see note s in the preceding page.

a Tamen etsi. Afterwards contracted into tametsi.

b Auctorem. In other editions is found actorem. If the latter reading be adopted, actorem rerum will be a pleonasm.

c Res gestas. A history: which in those days was little more than a description of the exploits, or gallant actions of military commanders.

d Dictis. By the language or style.

delicta reprehenderis, malivolentia et invidia putant: ubi de magna virtute et gloria fbonorum memores, quae sibi quisque facilia factu putat, aequo animo accipit; supra ca, veluti ficta, pro falsis ducit. Sed ego adolescentulus, initio, sicuti pleri que, Estudio ad rempublicam latus sum; ibique mihi advorsa multa fuere. Nam pro pudore, pro abstinentia, pro virtute, audacia, largitio, avaritia vigebant. Quae tametsi animus aspernabatur, insolens malarum artium; tamen, inter tanta vitia, imbecilla aetas ambitione corrupta tenebatur: ac me, cum ab reliquorum malis moribus dissentirem, nihilo minus honoris cupido, eadem, quæ ce. teros, fama atque invidia vexabat.

IV. IGITUR, ubi animus ex nultis miseriis atque periculis requievit, et mihi reliquam aetatem a republica procul habendam decrevi, non fuit consi lium, secordia atque desidia bonum otium conterere; neque vero agrum colendo, aut venando, servilibus officiis intentum, aetatem agere: sed, a quo incepto studio me ambitio mala detinuerat, codem regressus, statui res gestas populi Romani

e Putant. In some editions dicta is inserted before putant ; but the reading in the text is preferred, because the word reprehensa evidently appears from the context to be understood.

f Bonorum. So highly was military glory prized both among the Greeks and Romans, that the same term in both languages signified both virtue and bravery. Vir fortis in Latin is often equivalent to a man of worth, and bonus here and in many other instances signifies brave, as is clear from the context.

g Studio, &c. I was led by inclination to engage in public business.

h Ibique. rempublicam.

Ibi is used for in eo, or in ea, referring to studio, or

i Reliquorum. In some editions we find reliquis, and if fuma be taken for a desire of fame, the latter reading will be inost consonant to the sense; but fama may be taken for fama mala, or infamia, obloquy.

k Studio. Some read studioque, making incepto a substantive The reading in the text is most simple.