dignitatis non obtinebam, publicam miserorum caussam pro mea consuetudine suscepi: non quin aes alienum meis "nominibus ex possessionibus solvere possem, cum alienis nominibus liberalitas Orestillae, suis filiaeque copiis, persolveret sed quod non dignos homines honore honestatos videbam, meque Pfalsa suspicione alienatum sentiebam. Hoc nomine satis honestas, pro meo casu, spes reliquae. dignitatis conservandae sum secutus. Plura cum scribere vellem, nunciatum est, vim mihi parari. Nunc Orestillam commendo, tuaeque fidei trado: eam ab injuria defendas, per liberos tuos rrogatus. Haveto."

XXXVI. SED ipse, paucos dies commoratus apud C. Flaminium Flammam in agro Arretino, dum vicinitatem, antea sollicitatam, armis exornat, cum fascibus atque aliis imperii insignibus in castra ad Manlium contendit. Haec ubi Romae comperta; senatus "Catilinam et Manlium hostes judicat; ceterae multitudini diem statuit, ante quam

suitable to my dignity. He had been prætor, and conceived himself entitled to the consulship.

n Meis nominibus- -alienis nominibus. Contracted in my own name, and under my own signature, or in the name of others; i. e debts contracted by others on my account, or for which others have become securities, Otherwise debts contracted for my own behoof, or for the benefit of others. The former meaning accords best with the account before given in the history.

o Honore honestatos. Raised to honour, graced with honours. p Falsa suspicione alienatum. Alienated, rejected, disgraced, or rather treated as a stranger, in consequence of unjust suspi

cion.

q Pro meo casu. Considering my circumstances.

r Rogatus. The past participle, elegantly used for the present of the indicative, rogo te.

s Haveto. An archaism for aveto.

t Arretino. Aretium, now Arezzo, was a city of Tuscany. Some editions have Reatino. Reate, now Rieti, was a town of Umbria, belonging to the Sabines.

sine fraude liceret ab armis discedere, praeter rerum capitalium condemnatis." Praeterea decernit, "uti consules wdilectam habeant; Antonius cum exercitu Catilinam persequi maturet; Cicero urbi praesidio sit." Ea tempestate mihi imperium populi Romani multo maxume miserabile visum: cui cum, ad occasum ab ortu solis, omnia domita armis *paterent, domi otium atque divitiae, quae prima mortales putant, adfluerent; fuere tamen cives, qui seque remque publicam obstinatis animis perditum irent. Namque, duobis senati decretis, ex tanta multitudine, neque praemio inductus conjurationem patefecerat, neque ex castris Catilinae quisquam omnium discesserat: tanta vis morbi, uti tabes, plerosque civium animos invaserat. infection

XXXVII. NEQUE solum illis aliena mens erat, qui conscii conjurationis; sed omnino cuncta plebes, novarum rerum studio, Catilinae incepta probabat. Id zadeo more suo videbatur facere. Nam semper in civitate, quîs opes nullae sunt, abonis invident, malos extollunt; vetera odere, nova exoptant; odio suarum rerum mutari omnia student;

u Sine fraude. With impunity, without danger: though sometimes it signifies without fraud, sincerely.

v Præter. A preposition here used adverbially for præter

quam.

w Dilectam. An archaism for delectum. To hold a levy, i. e. to select from the assembled youth proper persons within the military age to serve as soldiers.

x Paterent. Some editions have pareren.t, which may perhaps appear preferable.

y Prima The most important.

z Adeo. Indeed.

a Bonis invident. Bonis, from its reference to opes, evidently signifies in his place, the wealthy, the be ter sort, as they are sometimes called. Thus we attach the same idea frequently in our language to good company. Among mercantile people in our day, a good man signifies, a man of property, one who may be safely trusted. Malos will of course in this place signify the poor, the lower class.

turba atque seditionibus sine cura aluntur, quoniam egestas facile habetur sine damno. Sed urbana plebes, ea vero praeceps ierat multis de caussis. Primum omnium, qui ubique probro atque petulantia maxume praestabant; item alii bper dedecora patrimoniis amissis; postremo omnes quos flagitium aut facinus domo expulerat ; ii Romam, sicuti in sentinam, confluxerant. Deinde, multi memores Sullanae, victoriae, quod, ex gregariis militibus, alios senatores videbant, alios ita divites, uti dregio vietu atque cultu aetatem agerent, sibi quisque, si in armis forent, ex victoria talia sperabant. Praeterea, juventus, quae in agris, manuum mercede, inopiam toleraverat, privatis atque publicis largitionibus excita, urbanum otium ingrato labori praetulerant. Eos atque alios omnis malum publicum alebat. Quo minus mirandum, homines egentis, niali's moribus, maxúma spe, reipublicae juxta ac sibi consuluisse. Praeterea, quorum, victoria Sullae, parentes proscripti, bona erepta, fjus libertatis imminutum erat, haud sane alio animo belli' eventum exspectabant. Ad hoc, quicumque aliarum satque sehati partium erant, conturbari rempublicam,

b Per dedecora. Turpiter, flagitiose: basely, disgracefully Sallust, in imitation of the Grecks, frequently uses substantives governed by prepositions in lieu of adverbs, or rather to express the meaning of adverbs.

c Gregariis, &c. Common soldiers.

d Regio victu, &c. Lived like princes: kept tables, and sup ported an equipage equal to those of kings.

e Reipublice juxta. Juxta is here taken adverbially. They showed no more regard to the public interest than to their own. Consulo te, I consult you, I ask your advice; consulo tibi, I provide for you, I give you advice.

f Jus libertatis imminutum. Had been deprived of the privileges of fre men for Sylia had declared the children of the proscribed incapable of standing candidates for public offices.

g Atque. Atque and ac after alius, secus, aliter, alter, are used for quam; after juxta, æque, they serve for ut, as.

E

quam minus valere ipsi, malebant. Id badeo malum multos post annos in civitatem reverterat.

XXXVIII NAM, postquam, Cn. Pompeio et M. Crasso consulibus, itribunicia potestas restituta, homines adolescentes, [summam potestatem nacti] quibus actas animusque ferox, coepere, senatum criminando, plebem exagitare; exagitare; dein, dein, largiundo atque pollicitando, magis incendere ; ita ipsi clari potentesque fieri. Contra eos summa ope nitebatur pleraque nobilitas, Isenati specie, pro sua magnitudine. Namque, uti paucis absolvam, per illa tempora quicumque rempublicam agitavere, lonestis nominibus, alii, sicuti populi jura defenderent, pars, quo senati auctoritas maxuma foret, bonum publicum simulantes, pro sua quisque potentia certabant: neque modestia, neque modus contentionis erat utrique victoriam crudeliter exercebant.

XXXIX. SED, postquam Cn. Pompeius ad belJum maritimum atque Mithridaticum missus ; plebis opes imminutae, paucorum potentia crevit. Hi magistratus, provincias, aliaque omnia tenere: ipsi innoxii, flortutes, sine metu aetatem agere ; ceteros judiciis terrere, quo plebem in magistrátu

Adeo malum. That so great evil.

i Tribunicia potestas. See JUGURTHA, note on tribunus, chap. 27.

k Pleraque. Seldom used in the singular number by any other author.

1 Senati specie. Under the pretence of supporting the dignity and interest of the senate.

m Absolvam. In some editions we find verum absolvam.

n Nominibus.

Pretexts.

o Maritimum. The maritime war against the Cilicians, supported by Mithridates, called also the piratical war.

p Mithridaticum. The war with Mithridates, king of Pontus. q Innoxii. Taken passively; unhurt; though the word is frequently used actively, and signifies innocent.

r Judicis. By menacing them with trials or prosecutions:

placidius tractarent. Sed, ubi primum dubiis rebus novandis spes oblata, vetus certamen animos eorum arrexit. Quod si primo praelio Catilina superior, aut aequa manu discessisset; profecto magna clades atque calamitas rempublicam oppres sisset, neque illis, qui victoriam adepti, diutius ea uti licuisset, quin defessis et exsanguibus, qui plus pos~ set, imperium atque libertatem extorqueret. Fuere tamen "extra conjurationem complures, qui ad Cati. linam initio profecti sunt: in his A Fulvius, sehatoris filius quem, retractum ex itinere, parens necări jussit. Isdem temporibus Romae Lentulus, sicuti Catilina praeceperat, quoscumque moribus aut fortuna novis rebus idoneos credebat, aut per se, aut per alios sollicita bat; neque solum cives, sed cujusquemodi genus hominum, quod modo [bello]

usui foret.

W

XL. IGITUR P. Umbreño cuidam negotium dat, uti legatos Allobrogum requirat, eosque, si possit, impellat ad societatem belli; existumans, publice privatimque aere alieno oppressos, praeterea, quod natura gens Gallica, bellicosa esset, facile eos ad tale consilium adduci posse. Umbrenus. quod in Gallia negotiatus, plerisque principibus notus erat, atque eos noverat: itaque sine mora, ubi primum

s Placidius. More quietly, more peaceably, with less trouble. Placidius tractarent may be referred either to the nobility, or to the tribunes if to the latter, the meaning will be, that the tribunes might be less violent in their office, or less disposed to sur up commotions among the people, through dread of prosecution by the nobility, after the expiration of their tribuneship

t Dubiis rebus novandis. For making an alteration in their perilous condition.

u Extra conjurationem. Not engaged in the conspiracy.

▾ Purens. Fathers among the Romans had the power of inflicting capital punishment on their children.

w Allobrogum. The Allobroges were a people of Savoy, Dáuphine, and La Bresse.