16 tum hostem offerri. Omnium illo die, qua plebis qua patrum, eximia virtus fuit: Fabium nomen, Fabia gens maxime enituit. Multis civilibus certaminibus infensos plebis animos illa pugna sibi reconciliare statuunt. 46 Instruitur acies, nec Veiens hostis Etruscaeque legiones detrectant. Prope certa spes erat non magis secum pugnaturos quam pugnarint cum Aequis; maius quoque aliquod in tam inritatis animis et occasione ancipiti haud 2 desperandum esse facinus. Res aliter longe evenit. Nam non alio ante bello infestior Romanus — adeo hinc contumeliis hostes, hinc consules mora exacerbaverant 3 — proelium iniit. Vix explicandi ordines spatium Etruscis fuit, cum pilis inter primam trepidationem abiectis temere magis quam emissis pugna iam in manus, iam 4 ad gladios, ubi Mars est atrocissimus, venerat. Inter primores genus Fabium insigne spectaculo exemploque civibus erat. Ex his Quintum Fabium-tertio hic anno

- -ve

ward with the sword to close quar-
ters; but here the advance of the
Romans was so fierce (infestior, 2)
that steady aim was impossible, on
account of the haste (trepidatio-
nem), and the javelins were merely
thrown away, not shot at the en-
emy. temere, at random.
nerat: the construction is that of
Gr. 325. b (cum inversum), 'they
had hardly had time to deploy,
when they were already at close
quarters.' In such cases either
event can often be made the sub-
ordinate one, according to the mo-
mentary feeling of the narrative.

4. inter primores, in the foremost rank, following the old heroic method of fighting. The emphasis makes the statement a double one, 'they were in the front and were an example there'; cf. principem below. ferox: cf. I. 7. 5.— prae

ante consul fuerat - principem in confertos Veientes euntem ferox viribus et armorum arte Tuscus, incautum inter multas versantem hostium manus, gladio per pectus transfigit; telo extracto praeceps Fabius in vulnus abiit. Sensit utraque acies unius viri casum, cedebat- 5 que inde Romanus, cum M. Fabius consul transiluit iacentis corpus, obiectaque parma 'Hoc iurastis' inquit, 'milites, fugientes vos in castra redituros? Adeo igna- 6 vissimos hostis magis timetis quam Iovem Martemque, per quos iurastis? At ego iniuratus aut victor revertar, aut prope te hic, Quinte Fabi, dimicans cadam.' Consuli tum Caeso Fabius prioris anni consul: 'Verbisne istis, frater, ut pugnent te impetraturum credis? Dii 7 impetrabunt, per quos iuravere. Et nos, ut decet proceres, ut Fabio nomine est dignum, pugnando potius quam adhortando accendamus militum animos.' Sic in primum infestis hastis provolant duo Fabii, totamque moverunt secum aciem.

Proelio ex parte una restituto nihilo segnius in cornu 47 altero Cn. Manlius consul pugnam ciebat; ubi prope similis fortuna est versata. Nam ut altero in cornu 2 Q. Fabium, sic in hoc ipsum consulem Manlium iam velut fusos agentem hostis et impigre milites secuti sunt, et, ut ille gravi vulnere ictus ex acie cessit, interfectum

3 rati gradum rettulere; cessissentque loco, ni consul alter cum aliquot turmis equitum in eam partem citato equo advectus, vivere clamitans collegam, se victorem fuso 4 altero cornu adesse, rem inclinatam sustinuisset. Manlius quoque ad restituendam aciem se ipse coram offert. Duorum consulum cognita ora accendunt militum animos. Simul et vanior iam erat hostium acies, dum abundante multitudine freti subtracta subsidia mittunt 5 ad castra oppugnanda. In quae haud magno certamine impetu facto, dum praedae magis quam pugnae memores tererent tempus, triarii Romani, qui primam inruptionem sustinere non potuerant, missis ad consules nuntiis quo loco res essent, conglobati ad praetorium rede6 unt, et sua sponte ipsi proelium renovant. Et Manlius consul revectus in castra ad omnes portas milite opposito hostibus viam clauserat. Ea desperatio Tuscis rabiem magis quam audaciam accendit. Nam cum incursantes quacumque exitum ostenderet spes vano aliquotiens impetu issent, globus iuvenum unus in ipsum consulem,

VICTORY OF THE ROMANS.

47. . 3. rem inclinatam, the wavering battle.

4. coram: i.e. in the presence of the soldiers. —vanior, less solid, the rear ranks being withdrawn. mittunt: see note on tererent below.

5. quae: sc. castra. tererent: see Gr. 328. a. N., and cf. I. 40. 7. The difference between this use of dum and the one in 4 is, that here we have the same kind of time which is used with cum, and the same causal implication; in the other case we have the ordinary use of the dum clause equivalent to a participle (see Gr. 290. c. N.). — triarii: according to the (supposed) later organization of the Roman army (see VIII. 8), these were the

Tuscis 8

insignem armis, invadit. Prima excepta a circumstan- 7 tibus tela, sustineri deinde vis nequit. Consul mortifero vulnere ictus cadit, fusique circa omnes. crescit audacia, Romanos terror per tota castra trepidos agit; et ad extrema ventum foret, ni legati rapto consulis corpore patefecissent una porta hostibus viam. erumpunt; consternatoque agmine abeuntes in victorem. alterum incidunt consulem. Ibi iterum caesi fusique passim.

Ea 9

Victoria egregia parta, tristis tamen duobus tam claris funeribus. Itaque consul decernente senatu tri- 10 umphum, si exercitus sine imperatore triumphare possit, pro eximia eo bello opera facile passurum respondit : se familia funesta Quinti Fabi fratris morte, re publica ex parte orba consule altero amisso, publico privatoque deformem luctu lauream non accepturum. Omni acto II triump o depositus triumphus clarior fuit: adeo spreta in tempore gloria interdum cumulatior rediit. Funera deinde du deinceps collegae fratrisque ducit, idem in

ferent from quidam, but admissible as opposing the frenzy of one body to the action of the rest; cf. una porta in 8.

9. consternato: a rhetorical exaggeration, though, as the men were fleeing, although desperate, it is a natural one. iterum: the first time is implied in desperatio in 6. caesi fusique: not the same persons, of course, but the two are connected by -que, according to the Latin fashion.-victoria: one might at first think of supplying erat, but probably no such verb was in the author's mind, but the word is in a kind of apposition, to speak grammatically, with the previous description.

io. decernente: conative pres

ent, so called; the senate was engaged in making the decree, but it could not take effect without being accepted. si exercitus, etc.: i.e. so far as the army was concerned he had no objection, but he would not lead the triumph, and so it was impossible. funesta: cf. 8. 7. orba: as deprived of one of its parents, as it were.lauream: the laurel wreath worn in the triumph, put as a symbol of the whole.

II. omni, any. -acto: the technical term for the celebration of a triumph, because the general and his army entered the city in procession. - depositus: as it was offered him, he could be said to lay it aside. in tempore: like our on occasion. — funera: opposed to the

utroque laudator, cum concedendo illis suas laudes ipse 12 maximam partem earum ferret. Neque immemor eius quod initio consulatus imbiberat, reconciliandi animos plebis, saucios milites curandos dividit patribus. Fabiis plurimi dati, nec alibi maiore cura habiti. Inde populares iam esse Fabii, nec hoc ulla re nisi salubri rei publicae arte.

48 Igitur non patrum magis quam plebis studiis K. Fabius cum Tito Verginio consul factus neque bella neque dilectus neque ullam aliam priorem curam agere, quam ut iam aliqua ex parte incohata concordiae spe primo quoque tempore cum patribus coalescerent animi plebis. 2 Itaque principio anni censuit, priusquam quisquam agrariae legis auctor tribunus exsisteret, occuparent patres ipsi suum munus facere, captivum agrum plebi quam maxime aequaliter darent: verum esse habere eos, quo3 rum sanguine ac sudore partus sit. Aspernati patres sunt, questi quoque quidam nimia gloria luxuriare et

triumph, as these also had a proces-
sion; hence ducit.
-in utroque,
in the case of each, as often with
in. - laudator: the technical word
for the eulogist who pronounced
the funeral oration. cum: equiv-
alent to wherein; used like a par-
ticiple construction.

12. eius, of the policy. -reconciliandi: in apposition with eius; cf. foros faciendos, I. 56. 2 n., and see Gr. 301. R.

MEASURES FOR THE RELIEF OF
THE PLEBS.

48. studiis, votes; literally, the
interest shown in his election.
K: that is, Caeso; see Gr. 6. N.
-Fabius: cf. 43. I and 46. 6.

Verginio: the senate, on this occasion, seems not to have been obliged to concede a consul of the