48 An Ally is found Loyal 51. An Ally is found Loyal Rome was now at war with Antiochus, king of Syria. Lucius Scipio, the general, proposed to lead his army through Macedonia where the king, Philip, was still an ally of Rome. Scipio Africanus, who was on his brother's staff, advises him first to test the loyalty of Philip. Tum Africanus fratri: 'Iter, quod insistis, L. Scipio, ego quoque approbō; sed tōtum id vertitur in voluntate Philippī, quī, sī imperiō nostro fidus est, et iter et commeātūs et omnia, 5 quae in longō itinere exercitus alunt iuvantque, nōbīs suppeditabit; sī is destituat, nihil per Thraeciam satis tūtum habēbis; itaque prius rēgis animum explōrārī placet. Optime explōrabitur, si nihil ex praeparātō agentem opprimet qui 10 mittetur.' Ti. Sempronius Gracchus, longē tum acerrimus iuvenum, ad id dēlectus, per dispositōs equōs prope incredibili celeritate ab Amphissā diē tertiō Pellam pervenit. In convīviō rex erat et in multum vīnī processerat; ea ipsa remissiō animī 15 suspicionem dempsit, novāre eum quicquam velle. Et tum quidem comiter acceptus, hospes posterō die commeatus exercitui parātōs benignē, pontēs in fluminibus factōs, vias, ubi transitus difficiles erant, mūnītās vidit. Haec referens eadem, quā 20 ierat, celeritate Thaumacīs occurrit consuli. Inde certiōre et maiōre spē laetus, exercitus ad praeparāta omnia in Macedoniam pervenit. Venientēs rēgiō apparātū et accepit et prosecutus est rex. The Ghost of Creusa 49 Multa in eō et dexteritas et hūmānitās visa, quae commendabilia apud Africānum erant, virum sīcut 25 ad cetera egregium, ita à cōmitāte, quae sine luxuria esset, nōn āversum. LIVY xxxvii 7, 8. 52. The Ghost of Creusa At the sack of Troy, Aeneas was seeking frantically through the city for his lost wife, Creusa, when her ghost appeared and foretold his voyage to Italy. Quaerenti et tectis urbis sine fine furentī Infelix simulacrum atque ipsius umbra Creusae Vīsa mihi ante oculos, et nōtā māior imāgō. Obstipui, stetĕruntque comae, et vox faucibus haesit. 6 Tum sic adfārī et cūrās his demere dictis: Quid tantum insānō iuvat indulgēre dolōrī, Ō dulcis coniunx? Nōn haec sine numine dīvûm dum : 5 IO Et terram Hesperiam venies, ubi Lýdius arva D. S. L. 4 50 A Brother's Grave Iamque vale, et nati serva communis amōrem.' Haec ubi dicta dedit, lacrimantem et multa volentem 20 Dīcere deseruit, tenuesque recessit in aurās. Ter cōnātus ibi collo dare bracchia circum; Ter, frustra comprensa, manus effūgit imāgō, Pār levibus ventīs volucrique simillima somnō. VIRGIL, Aeneid ii 771-794. ΙΟ 53. A Brother's Grave The brother of Catullus died in Asia Minor; and Catullus visited his grave later and made offerings there. Multās per gentes et multa per aequora vectus, Adveniō has miseras, frater, ad inferias, Ut te postrēmō dōnārem mūnere mortis, Et mūtam nequiquam alloquerer cinerem, 5 Quandoquidem Fortūna mihī tēte abstulit ipsum, Heu miser indigne frater adempte mihi! Nunc tamen interea haec, prisco quae more pa rentum Trādita sunt, tristēs mūnera ad inferiās, Accipe, fraternō multum mānantia flētū, Atque in perpetuum, frāter, avē atque valē! CATULLUS ci. Fame as a Motive 54. Fame as a Motive 51 The hope of future fame is the spur to virtuous action and future fame depends mainly upon written records. This passage occurs in Cicero's defence of the poet Archias see no. 13. Nullam virtus aliam mercedem labōrum perīculōrumque desiderat praeter hanc laudis et gloriae ; quã quidem dētractā, iūdicēs, quid est quod in hōc tam exiguo vitae curriculō tantīs nōs in labōribus exerceamus? Certe si nihil animus praesentiret 5 in posterum, et, sī, quibus regiōnibus vītae spatium circumscriptum est, eisdem omnēs cōgitātiōnēs termināret suās, nec tantīs sē labōribus frangeret, neque tot cūrīs vigiliisque angeretur, nec totiens de ipsā vītā dīmicāret. Nunc insidet quaedam in 10 optimō quoque virtus, quae noctes ac dies animum gloriae stimulis concitat, atque admonet, non cum vitae tempore esse dimittendam commemoratiōnem nōminis nostri, sed cum omni posteritate adaequandam. An vērō tam parvī animī videāmur 15 esse omnes, qui in re publică atque in his vitae periculis laboribusque versāmur, ut, cum usque ad extremum spatium nullum tranquillum neque ōtiōsum spiritum duxerimus, nobiscum simul moritura omnia arbitrēmur ? An statuās et 20 imaginēs, nōn animōrum simulacra sed corporum, studiōsē multi summi hominēs reliquerunt, consiliōrum relinquere ac virtutum nostrārum effigiem nonne multō malle dēbēmus, summis ingeniis expressam et polītam? CICERO, Pro Archia 28–30. 25 52 Riches and Poetry 55. Riches and Poetry Martial says that he should try to compose some immortal work, if his friend would give him ease and wealth, such as Maecenas gave to Horace and Virgil. Saepe mihi dicis, Lūci carissime Iūlī, 'Scribe aliquid magnum; desidiōsus homo es.' Ōtia dā nōbīs, sed qualia fecerat ōlim Maecenas Flacco Vergiliōque suō; 5 Condere victūrās temptem per saecula cūrās, In sterilēs nolunt campōs iuga ferre iuvenci: 56. The Romans besiege Phocaea Phocaea, an ancient Greek colony in Asia Minor and the mother-city of Marseilles, made a desperate resistance against a Roman fleet, during the war with Antiochus B. C. 190. Hōs portūs tūtissimōs cum occupasset Rōmāna classis, priusquam aut scālīs aut operibus moenia aggrederetur, mittendōs censuit praetor, qui principum magistrātuumque animōs temptārent. 5 Postquam obstinātōs vīdit, duobus simul locis oppugnare est adortus. Altera pars infrequens aedificiis erat; templa deûm aliquantum tenēbant locī; eā prius, ariete admōtō, quatere mūrōs turresque coepit; dein, cum eo multitūdō occur10 reret ad defendendum, altera quoque parte |