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tia, rapinas, alia omnia quae bellum atque lubido victorum fert. Praeterea esse in Hispania Pciteriore Pisonem, in Mauritania cum exercitu P. Sittium Nucerinum, consilii sui participes: petere consulatum C. Antonium, quem sibi collegam fore speraret, hominem et familiarem, et omnibus necessitudinibus circumventum : eo consulem initium agendi facturum. Ad hoc, maledictis 'increpat omnis bonos: suorum unumquemque nominans laudare: admonebat alium egestatis, alium cupiditatis suae, complures periculi aut ignominiae, multos victoriae Sullanae, quibus ea praedae fuerat. Postquam omnium animos alacris videt; cohortatus, ut petitionem suam curae haberent, conventum dimisit.

XXII. FUERE ea tempestate, qui dicerent, Catilinam, oratione habita, cum ad jusjurandum popularis sceleris sui adigeret, humani corporis sanguinem, vino permixtum, in pateris circumtulisse; inde, cum post exsecrationem omnes degustavissent, sicuti in solemnibus sacris fieri consuevit, aperuisse consilium suum, atque eo, dictitare, fecisse, quo inter se fidi magis forent, alius alii tanti facinoris conscii. Nonnulli ficta haec, multa praeterea, existumabant, ab iis, qui Ciceronis invidiam,

duced during the civil wars. The victorious party set up tablets in public places, containing the names of their enemies, and offering a reward to the person who should assassinate them: the goods of the proscribed were also confiscated and sold.

P Citeriore. Hither Spain, i. e. the division of the country next to Italy.

9 Eo. Cum being understood; in some editions it is expressed, as is commonly the case, when accompanyment is sig

nified.

Increpat. Some editions have increpabat. s Admonebat. In some other editions admonere.

Alius conscii. A partitive pronoun singular joined to a plural adjective.

quae postea orta est, leniri credebant atrocitate sceleris eorum, qui poenas dederant. Nobis ea res pro magnitudine parum comperta est.

XXIII. SED in ea "conventione fuit Q. Curius, natus haud obscuro loco, "flagitiis atque facinoribus coopertus; quem censores senatu, probri gratia, Wamoverant. Huic homini non minor *vanitas, quam audacia: neque reticere, quae audierat, neque suamet ipse scelera occultare: prorsus neque dicere, neque facere, quidquam pensi habebat. Erat ei cum Fulvia, muliere nobili, stupri vetus consuetudo: cui cum minus gratus esset, quia inopia minus largiri poterat, repente glorians maria montesque polliceri coepit; minari interdum ferro, nisi obnoxia foret; postremo ferocius agitare, quam solitus erat. At Fulvia, insolentiae Curii caussa cognita, tale periculum reipublicae haud occultum habuit; sed, 'sublato auctore, de Catilinae conjuratione quae quoque modo audierat, compluribus narravit. Ea res imprimis studia hominum accendit ad consulatum mandandum M. Tullio Ciceroni. Namque antea pleraque nobilitas invidia aestuabat, et quasi pollui consulatum credebant, si eum, quamvis egregius, homo novus adeptus foret. Sed, ubi periculum advenit, invidia atque superbia postfuere.

Conventione. In some editions conjuratione. The former seems the proper term in this place.

v Flagitiis, &c. Facinus implies any action, good or bad; scelus, a wicked action, and flagitium, an action both wicked and disgraceful; scandalous, flagitious.

w Amoverant. In some editions moverant. The former seems preferable. The censors were officers of the highest dignity in the state, and their station was reckoned more honourable than that of the consuls. They took a survey of the people and their property every fifth year, and punished by disgrace or degradation of rank; their office being instituted for preserving the morals of the people, as well as for the apportionment of taxes.

* Vanitas. Inerat understood; in some editions it is expressed. y Sublato auctore. Having concealed the name of her informant.

z Pleraque. Observe here that pleraque is in the nominative singular.

Ne

XXIV. IGITUR, comitiis habitis, consules declarantur M. Tullius et C. Antonius; quod factum primo popularis conjurationis concusserat. que tamen Catilinae furor minuebatur: sed in dies plura agitare; arma per Italiam locis opportunis parare; pecuniam, sua aut amicorum fide, sumtam mutuam, Faesulas ad Manlium quemdam portare, qui postea princeps fuit belli faciundi. Ea tempestate plurimos cujusque generis homines adscivisse dicitur; mulieres etiam aliquot, quae primo ingentis sumtus stupro corporis toleraverant; post, dubi aetas tantummodo quaestui, neque luxuriae, modum fecerat, aes alienum grande conflaverant: per eas se Catilina credebat posse servitia urbana sollicitare, urbem incendere, viros earum vel adjungere sibi, vel interficere.

XXV. SED in his erat Sempronia, quae multa saepe virilis audaciae facinora commiserat. Haec mulier genere atque que forma, praeterea viro, liberis satis fortunata: litteris Graecis atque Latinis docta: psallere, saltare elegantius, quam necesse est probae: multa alia, quae instrumenta luxuriae. Sed ei cariora semper omnia, quam decus atque pudicitia fuit: pecuniae an famae minus parceret, haud

a Credebant. Rather credebat, as connected to astuabat: though nobilitas might otherwise admit a plural verb.

b Novus. A new man, a person who rose by his own merit, none of whose ancestors had held a curule office.

c Fasulas. Fæsulæ, a town of Tuscany, towards the Apen. nine mountains.

d Ubi. This word is more frequently used for cum by this author, than by any other.

• Multa alia. These words are governed by docta.

D

:

facile decerneres: lubido sic accensa, ut saepius peteret viros, quam peteretur. Sed ea saepe antehac fidem prodiderat, creditum abjuraverat, caedis conscia fuerat, luxuria atque inopia praeceps abierat. Verum ingenium ejus haud absurdum: posse versus facere, jocum movere, sermone uti vel modesto, vel molli, vel procaci: prorsus multae facetiae multusque lepos inerat.

XXVI. His rebus comparatis, Catilina nihilo minus in proxumum annum consulatum petebat; sperans, si designatus foret, facile se ex voluntate Antonio usurum. Neque interea quietus erat, sed omnibus modis insidias parabat Ciceroni. Neque illi tamen ad cavendum dolus, aut astutiæ deerant. Namque, a principio consulatus sui, multa pollicendo per Fulviam, effecerat, ut Q. Curius, de quo paullo ante memoravi, consilia Catilinae sibi proderet. Ad hoc, collegam suum Antonium pactione provinciae 'perpulerat, *ne contra rempublicam sentiret; circum se praesidia amicorum atque clientium occulte habebat. Postquam dies mcomitiorum venit, et Catilinae neque petitio, neque insidiae quas "consulibus in campo fecerat, prospere cessere; constituit bellum facere, et extrema omnia experiri, quoniam quae occulte tentaverat, aspera foedaque evenerant.

f Decerneres. Other editions have discerneres. Either is admissible.

g Modesto, &c. Language modest, amorous, or wanton. h Provincia. The province of Macedonia, which had fallen to the lot of Cicero, he yielded to Anthony.

i Perpulerat. Had gained over, conciliated, or prevailed upon. k Ne contra, &c. That he should not cherish sentiments contrary to the interest of the state.

1 Clientium. Romulus ordained that every plebeian should choose from the patricians some individual for his patron and protector, whose client he was called. It was the patron's duty to advise, defend, and assist his client with his interest and substance. The client was bound to respect his patron, and to serve him with his life and fortune.

m Comitiorum. Of election. Comitium, in the singular denoted the place, or part of the forum, where the people assembled; in the plural it signified an assembly of the whole people for the election of magistrates: hence, in the present

XXVII. IGITUR C. Manlium Faesulas atque in eam partem Etruriae, Septimium quemdam, °Camertem, in agrum PPicenum, C. Julium in Apuliam dimisit; praeterea alium alio, quem ubique opportunum credebat. Interea Romae multa simul moliri: consuli insidias tendere, parare incendia, opportuna loca armatis hominibus obsidere: ipse 'cum telo esse, item alios jubere: hortari, uti sem. per intenti paratique essent: dies noctesque festinare, vigilare, neque insomniis neque labore fati. gari. Postremo, ubi multa agitanti nihil procedit, rursus 'intempesta nocte conjurationis principes convocat per M. Porcium Laecam: ibique, multa de ignavia eorum questus, docet, "se Manlium prae

case it may be translated election. Concilium signified an assembly of only a part of the people.

n Consulibus in campo. Some editions have consuli, referring to Cicero, without campo. The campus martius was a spacious plain along the Tiber, where the Roman youth performed their exercises, and where the comitia centuriata were held for choosing the greater magistrates, consuls, prætors, and censors, and for passing the laws proposed by them. This plain was originally the property of the Tarquins, and was after their expulsion consecrated to Mars.

• Camertem. A Camertian, from a city in Umbria, called Camerinum, Camerta, or Camers, now Camerino, within the territories of the pope.

P Agrum Picenum. The march of Ancona comprehends the greater part of Picenum. Ager was used to denote a small district, which took its name from the chief town in it.

9 Apuliam. A part of Italy lying along the Adriatic, between Daunia and Calabria, now called La Puglia.

Cum telo esse. He carried a weapon about him: a phrase taken from the twelve tables.

s Intempesta nocte. In the dead of night, far on in the night, when the night was far advanced.

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