haec sequi decrevistis. Si 'relinquere voltis, auda cia opus est: nemo, nisi victor, pace bellum mutavit. Nam in fuga salutem sperare, "cum arma, "quîs corpus tegitur, ab hostibus "averteris, ea vero dementia est. Semper in praelio maxumum est periculum, qui maxume timent: audacia pro muro habetur. Cum vos considero, milites, et cum facta vestra aestumo, magna me spes victoriae tenet. Animus, aetas, virtus vestra hortantur; praeterea necessitudo, quae etiam timidos fortis facit. Nam, multitudo hostium ne circumvenire queat, prohibent angustiae. Quod si virtuti vestrae fortuna inviderit, cavete, inulti animam amittatis; neu capti potius, sicuti pecora, trucidemini, quam, virorum more pugnantes, cruentam atque luctuosam victoriam hostibus relinquatis."

LIX. HAEC ubi dixit, paullulum commoratus, signa canere jubet, atque instructos ordines in locum aequum deducit: dein, remotis omnium equis, quo militibus, exaequato periculo, animus amplior esset, ipse pedes exercitum, "pro loco atque copiis, instruit. Nam, uti planities erat inter sinistros montis, et ab dextra 'rupe aspera, octo cohortis in

Relinquere. Hec being understood. In other editions it is expressed.

ù Cum. In some editions we find tum to connect avertere. with sperare.

V

Quis. Contracted for quibus; frequent in this author.

w Averteris. The perfect of the subjunctive. In other editions avertere in the infinitive.

x Inulti. Ne being elegantly understood.

y Instructos ordines.

z Pedes.

His troops as they were arranged.

On foot: a substantive in the nominative case singular; a footman.

a Pro loco atque copiis. As the situation of the ground required, and as the number of his troops admitted.

Rupe. In other editions rupes, which appears to be the true reading.

fronte constituit: reliqua signa din subsidio artius collocat. Ab his centuriones omnis lectos, et 'evocatos, praeterea ex gregariis militibus optumum quemque armatum, in primam aciem subducit. C. Manlium in dextera, Faesulanum quemdam in sinistra parte curare jubet: ipse cum libertis et colonis propter aquilam fadsistit, quam, bello Cimbrico, C. Marius in exercitu habuisse dicebatur. At ex altera parte C. Antonius, pedibus aeger, quod praelio adesse nequibat, M. Petreio legato exercitum permittit. Ille cohortis veteranas, quas tumulti caussa conscripserat, in fronte; post eas, ceterum exerci-. tum in subsidiis locat. Ipse equo circumiens, unumquemque nominans adpellat, hortatur, rogat, uti meminerint, se contra latrones inermos, pro patria, pro liberis, pro aris atque focis suis, *cernere. Homo militaris, quod amplius annos triginta 'tribunus, aut praefectus, aut legatus, aut praetor, cum magna gloria "fuerat, plerosque ipsos factaque eo

c Signa. Here figuratively used for forces.

d In subsidio, &c. He stations the rest of his force more closely as a body of reserve. In subsidio, in the sense in which it is here used, is an uncommon construction for in subsidium. e Evocatos. Veteran soldiers, who had served out their time, and had been prevailed upon to follow the standard of a commander whom they approved, were called evocati. They were exempted from the drudgery of the military service.

f Adsistit. In some other editions consistit

g Cimbrico. The Cimbri, a German nation, had, in conjunction with the Teutones, invaded the Roman empire, and were vanquished by Marius.

h Tumulti. The genitives of the fourth declension anciently ended in i

i Inermos. Inermus and inermis are indiscriminately used. * Cernere. Used here for decernere, the simple for the compound. In some editions we find certare, which is equivalent. 1 Tribunus. A tribune, a military officer nearly correspond❤ ing to a colonel. In each legion there were six military tribynes who commanded under the consul.

m Fuerat. In some editions in exercitu is found before fuerat; but these words are superfluous.

rum fortia noverat: ea commemorando militum animos accendebat.

LX. SED ubi, rebus omnibus exploratis, Petreius tuba signum dat, cohortis paullatim incedere jubet: idem facit hostium exercitus. Postquam eo ventum, unde a ferentariis praelium committi posset, maxumo clamore, "cum infestis signis concurrunt; pila omittunt; gladiis res geritur. Veterani, pristinae virtutis memores, comminus acriter instare; illi haud timidi resistunt: maxuma vi certatur. Interea Catilina cum expeditis in prima acie versari, laborantibus succurrere, integros pro sauciis arcessere; omnia providere; multum ipse pugnare, saepe hostem ferire: strenui militis, et boni imperatoris officia simul exsequebatur. Petreius, ubi videt Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, cohortem praetoriam in medios hostis inducit; eos perturbatos atque alios alibi resistentes interficit; deinde utrimque ex lateribus Padgreditur. Manlius et Faesulanus in primis pugnantes cadunt. Postquam fusas copias, seque cum paucis relictum videt Catilina, memor generis atque pristinae dignitatis, in confertissumos hostes incurrit, ibique pugnans confoditur.

LXI. SED, confecto praelio, tum vero cerneres, quanta audacia, quantaque animi vis fuisset in exercitu Catilinae. Nam fere, quem quisque pugnando locum ceperat, eum, amissa anima, corpore

n Cum. This preposition designates the style and manner of Sallust; though it is here unnecessary.

o Arcessere. In some other editions accersere, which is less proper.

P Adgreditur. Before which in some editions is found ceteros; but it is not absolutely necessary.

In confertissumos hostes, &c. He rushes into the thickest of the enemy.

r Pugnando. In other editions vivus pugnando. Vivus seems unnecessary to the sense.

tegebat. Pauci autem, quos cohors praetoria disjecerat, paullo diversius, sed omnes tamen adversis volneribus conciderant. Catilina vero longe a suis, inter hostium cadavera repertus est, paullulum etiam spirans, ferociamque animi, quam habuerat vivus, in 'voltu retinens. Postremo, ex omni copia, neque in praelio, neque iu fuga, quisquam "civis ingenuus captus. Ita cuncti suae hostiumque vitae juxta pepercerant. Neque tamen exercitus populi Romani laetam aut incruentam victoriam adeptus: nam strenuissimus quisque aut occiderat in praelio, aut graviter vulneratus discesserat. Multi autem, qui de castris, visundi, aut spoliandi gratia, processerant, volventes hostilia cadavera, amicum alii, pars hospitem, aut cognatum reperiebant: fuere item, qui inimicos suos cognoscerent. Ita varie per omnem exercitum laetitia, moeror, luctus atque gaudia agitabantur.

• Quos. In some editions quos medios.

• Volneribus. An archaism for vulneribus; so voltu for vultu. Adversis vulneribus, with wounds in front.

u Civis ingenuus. Ingenuus denotes a person born of parents who had always been free.

v Juxta. Taken adverbially, and used for pariter.