NOTES ON PART I.

I. Gen. 1: 1, 77, plur. of 1 Decl. III. a. comp. § 33. a. prep. is prefixed regularly with as in Hebrew. Lit. in principiis.-??, § 4. note. This is strictly an abbreviation, and must not be read yɛyā, as though it were a distinct name. It is said by some to have been formed by prefixing the first letter of to the last of ", thus combining the Qɛri with the Kethib and saving the trouble of marginal notes. Others affirm that its original form, which indeed appears in some editions, was, i. e. the initial of repeated three times to express Trinity'; and that later Jews, rejecting the doctrine of the Trinity, have preferred the other form, and given it the other explanation. It is pronounced Adhō-näy. As here, it is generally employed in the Targums to render, when the latter stands alone (i. e. without any other name of God) and signifies the true God.—¿", i. q. Heb. —, emphatic state from 77, not used in the abs. form. See § 29. 3. c. The term emphatic seems to imply more than it really means; and the reader of Chaldee naturally inquires how strong that emphasis can be, which falls upon three fourths of the nouns with which he meets. Perhaps the term definite would be preferable, if the other were not in use. A noun in the emphatic state expresses usually the same idea which would be expressed in Hebrew by the noun with the article.-, emph. state. See in the

vocabulary.

The reader will observe, on comparing the translation with the Hebrew text, that the same train of accents appears in both. §2. 9. b. This agreement is not perfect throughout. Where however the train of accents in the Targum is different from that of the Hebrew text, the accents are still similar. For the sake of comparison with the Hebrew, the accents are inserted in the sentences of this part.

II. Gen. 9:9, NN1, § 7. d. 1.-, do establish, 1st Part. Paël from p, 22. 3.- from, § 8. 3. II. Note 4.—The first two accents in this sentence differ from those of the corresponding Hebrew words. Instead of Rebhia the Hebrew has Zaqeph Ghadhol, and instead of Merka, Darga. The two former are both large disjunctives, and the two latter both conjunctives, and of course might easily be interchanged. Perhaps however the accents were originally transferred to the Targum from a Hebrew MS. which had Rebhia and Merka. The remaining accents in this sentence are the same as in the Hebrew. Similar remarks might be repeated on the other sentences; but it will be unnecessary.

III. Gen. 9: 13, p, with suff. 1. p. sing. from p, Dec. III. a.--, 1. sing. Pr. Peal from 7, I do set, § 50. 1. The He

.f. sing 2 תֶּהֶוָא apoc. for תְּהִי-נָתַתִּי brew likewise has the Praeter

Fut. from . See the note at the close of § 23.—n, const. state, -being immutable.-, pronounced mém-ri, § 2. 3. In sense it is precisely equivalent to the Hebrew ɔɔ, myself or me. in the vocabulary.

מֵימַר See

pleonastic suffix, § 47.

IV. Gen. 9:27, 2, 3 sing. m. Fut. Aphel from , § 6. d. 1. -, sign of the Accusative case, § 60. 3.—And shall cause his glory to dwell, i. e. and he [God] shall dwell.— 2. lit. in the tents of him, (even) of Shem. 7, sign of the Gen. case, $60. 1.-Servant to them; Hebrew in ; Sept. лαis avτov Vulg. servus ejus. But the Syriac, Arabic, and Samaritan versions agree with our Targumist in giving a plural rendering.

72

sons.

V. Gen. 13: 15, 1, 23. 1. note.-, 1 sing. Fut. from with epenthetic, i. q.; 16. note 1.-, to thy

. בַּר See

VI. Gen. 15: 6, 7, Aphel from 7272, (see the latter word in the lexicon), 20. 3. b and § 12. II. 5.-7, the Lord, i. q., § 49. 1. c. But this expression, which occurs frequently in the Targums as a translation of the Hebrew, is considered by some critics as designating that Word which was afterwards "made flesh and dwelt among us."-, He (the Lord) reckoned it, § 16. 2. a. 1, § 7. d.

VII. Gen. 27: 28, 7, sign of the Gen. case, § 60. 1.

VIII. Gen. 42: 38, пn, Fut. of nn, Tseri compensating for Dagesh forte, omitted on account of the guttural.-, § 6. b. IX. Gen. 45: 4, " janar, § 48. 1. ", pleonastic.

X. Gen. 49: 10, 7, for 77, § 6. d.1.-, one exercising sovereignty, a ruler.—", irreg. see -7, (=Hebrew i....), to whom, §8. 3. II. n. 3.-, the pron. used for the substantive verb in the present tense. See § 47. 1.71, Ithpe. from 2, § 6. 6.—, irreg. see by. One bearing rule shall not depart from (be wanting to) the house of Judah, nor a scribe from the posterity of his sons forever; until Messiah shall come, whose is the kingdom; and to him shall the people hearken, or, him shall they obey.

XI. Ex. 33: 14, ", my glory, doubtless equivalent to the Hebrew, my presence, i. e. a mere periphrasis for I, used of course only in relation to God. Comp. nos. 4 and 13.-7, § 22. 1.—IN,

Aph. Fut. 1st pers. sing. from, I will provide a resting place,,

for thee.

XII. Lev. 26: 2, 7, 8. 3. II. note 3.-; 1st Part Pe. from - 7, treat the house of my sanctuary with habitSuch appears to be the force of this combination.

ual reverence.

See § 51. 1.

XIII. Lev. 26: 12, 1, 1st pers. sing. fut. Pe. from N, instead of the usual form NN, 23. 1. b. note. For the plural suff. of 72 and see 8. 3. II. note 4.

XIV. Num. 10: 36, i, a plural, with suffix of the third person sing., formed from the inf. Pe. of 7, § 35. note 2. In its restings, i. e. whenever it rested.—The frequent repetition of Maqqeph in this sentence is not occasioned by any special intimacy of connexion between the words thus joined. Its cause exists in the train of accents, which is the same as in the Hebrew. Three words are introduced into the Targum which do not appear in the original-" Dwell in thy glory, in the midst of”—but for these there is no accent. It is for this reason that they are joined by Maqqeph to the next word. The four words are, in cantillation, theoretically one.

XV. Num. 24: 5,, thy valley, if we derive it from . But perhaps should be regarded as a verbal from, and then we may translate it dwelling, habitation.

XVI. Deut. 5: 7.

XIX. Deut. 10: 19.

XVII. Deut. 6: 4. XVIII. Deut. 6: 5.

XX. Deut. 10: 20, bn, § 15. 3.-пp, Qamets for Pattahh on account of a pause-accent.

XXI. Deut. 32: 18, n, plur. const. from . Lit. the terrors of the Mighty One who created thee, thou hast forgotten; i. e. the terrible and mighty One, § 61. 1. note 1.-77, § 26. 2. a.Nŋŋ, § 23. note 1.-, § 12. I. note 2.—772, § 16. 2. a. -, strong, mighty, occurs likewise in vs. 30, 31, as a rendering of the Heb.

15.

XXII. Deut. 32: 29, jingid, plural from is with suff. 3. pl. m. defectively written, § 6. c. (4.)

XXIII. Deut. 33: 26, 7, an instance in which the emphatic state, (as is sometimes the case with the Hebrew article), corresponds to our indefinite article, a or an.- (scriptio plena), § 8. 3, I.

note 1. Lit. who, his glory, i. e. whose glory, $ 48. 1.

NOTES ON PART II.

No. I. GEN. 3: [ONKELOS].

(1), comparative, § 64. 1. a. more cunning than.-, every.-. So the London Polyglott, which has been followed in the text of the Chrestomathy. Also Buxtorf Bibl. Heb. Basil. 1665. The Paris and Antwerp Polyglotts read. The title page of Münster's Bibl. Heb. Basil. 1546 exhibits the form. Compare the note on Part I. No. I.-N. Here likewise the Polyglotts differ, Buxtorf and the London edition giving constantly the Hebrew form, and the other two mentioned above, barn, § 21. a.

(2), 15. note 2.-2, Fut. expressing the sense of the Eng. Potential mood, we may eat.

(3), Future Paël instead of

$2.7. b. Buxtorf

.in Peal תִּקְרְבוּן,the Antwerp and Paris Polyglotts ;תְּקַרְבוּן has

(4) jan na, an Inf. with a finite verb to denote certainty, as in Hebrew. Heb. Gr. § 514. b.

(5), Part. Peil from, § 6. d. (1), it is manifest before the Lord.-. For this use of instead of another conjunction, see Heb. Gr. § 560. 7, Ithpaal Fut. 3d plur. fem.—¡inn, Fut.

1st,חַכְמִין-.in Lex רַב see, רַבְרְבִין הֲוָא Peal 2d plur. masc. from

Part. Peal from $32. note 2, knowing [how to distinguish] between, etc.... For this use of after comp. Stuart's Hebrew Chrestomathy, p. 83. Note on Gen. 1: 6.

(6), 3d sing. fem. Praet. Peal from - (medicamentum) appears to refer to the effect which Eve expected the eating of the fruit to have, in opening her eyes to a clearer vision. But all the other ancient versions agree with the English translation in rendering D

expresses the idea conveyed, according to the other translators, in the previous clause; desirable to behold. is pleonastic.—n≥1d?, § 12.

.1 .d .7, וִיהֵבַת-.in the vocab אֵב see, מֵאִיבֶּה-.1 .II

(7) nens, 3d pers. plur. fem. Praet. Ithpaal, from Ji, § 42. 1. a. note.-, § 12. I. 1. 6.—TEN, See NINA in the vocab.-, a Hebrew form. But Buxtorf points it 7.

See his lexicon.

say,

i. e. a two-edged sword.-7, 1st Part. Pa. from (Part. from N) the world which is coming, or, as we more commonly the world to come.-, § 47. 1. the tree of life is, i. e. represents the law.", a form of the Praeter (§ 23. 2. note,) here used in the sense of a present tense, or as expressing a general affirmation.—P, $4. a. This double originated with an unpointed text, and should not have been retained when the points were affixed. see above (7), to him who obeys it.

י

No. IV. GEN. 4: 8. JERUSALEM TARGUM.

7, Inf. for Fut. "no reward shall be given to the righteous nor vengeance taken of the wicked. neither in mercy is it governed. you with favor, but [mine] was not accepted from me with favour? Abel answered and said to Cain; There is a judgment, and there is a Judge, and there is a future world, and a reward shall be bestowed upon the righteous [lit. there is the giving of a good reward to the righteous,] and vengeance shall be taken upon the wicked; and the world was created in mercy, and in mercy it is governed. But it is governed according to the fruit of good works. Because my works were more upright than yours, my offering was accepted with favor, but yours was not accepted with favor. And they were both contending in the open field; and Cain rose up against Abel his brother, and killed him."

The world was not created in mercy,
Why was your offering accepted from

No. V. JUDG. 14. JONATHAN.

(1), see na in Lex.

(2) po, § 12. I. 1. and II. 1.—20, Imp. from 203, § 12. II. 1. a. -N, see NAN.

(3), 3 sing. fem. from, § 15. note 2.

$

(5) ing, 3 m. pl. Pr. from -, Buxtorf gives the pointing, which analogy demands.

(8), Inf. from 2 with prefix and suffix.

(9) 12,$21. a.

(12) 77; Buxtorf points it RN.

(13), Fut. 1 pl. with suff.

(15), Imperative Paël. § 12. I. 1.—

that he may tell.

―pi, Aphel from 2-2, is it to try (perplex) us?

For the ending see § 16. 2. c. and for the prefix 7, § 12. I. 4.