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the various mistakes which his accomplices have made since he left the 147 city. See note on Saturnalibus, p. 144, line 18.

29. Tanto ante, so long in advance.

with exitii ac fati.

- Rei publicae; construe

30. Neque commisisset, nor have permitted.—Testes, as witnesses; Predicate Nominative.

34. Quod si; G. 453, 6.

36. Quoad fuit; supply in urbe, as long as he was here. -Occurri atque obstiti, I opposed and defeated. Observe the fitness of atque, as obstiti implies successful opposition. G. 554, I., 2.

1. Ut levissime dicam, to say the least. G. 499, 2, note.

VIII, IX. The Suppression of the Conspiracy largely due to Divine Interposition.

6. Nutu atque consilio, in accordance with the will and purpose. 7. Conjectura consequi, to infer, lit., to attain by conjecture.— Quum, tum vero, not only, but in truth.

8. Humani consilii esse, to be within the reach of human wisdom. G. 403.

9. Ita praesentes, so visibly present.

10. His temporibus, in these times, i. e., at this crisis; Abl. of Time.

11. Illa; explained by the appositives, visas faces ardoremque caeli, referring to certain unusual phenomena in the heavens, perhaps some remarkable manifestations of the aurora borealis, attended with brilliant meteors. Cicero also mentions these prodigies in his poem "De Consulatu."

12. Ab occidente, in the west; the quarter in which unfavorable omens appeared. - Ut fulminum, etc. Supply omittam. Cicero doubtless here refers to the thunder said to have been heard at this time from a clear sky.

14. Ita multa facta sunt, have happened in such numbers, lit., so many.

15. Canere, to predict, lit., to sing. The secondary meaning is derived from the fact that oracular responses were given in verse.

16. Praetermittendum, relinquendum. The former means to overlook unintentionally, the latter to omit intentionally.

17. Cotta et Torquato consulibus; i. e., in the year 65 B. C., when L. Aurelius Cotta and L. Manlius Torquatus were consuls.

18. In Capitolio, in the Capitol, i. e., in the Temple of Jupiter on the Capitoline Hill. — De caelo, from heaven, i. e., with lightning.

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148

149

20. Legum aera, the brazen tablets of the laws, i. e., which the laws were engraved.

the tablets on

21. Tactus, was struck. Supply est.-Ille Romulus, the statue of that Romulus.

22. Quem inauratum... meministis, which (lit., whom) you remember to have been in the Capitol, a gilded statue of a sucking infant (lit., gilded, small, and sucking), opening his mouth for the dugs of a wolf. Legend represented Romulus as having been nursed in infancy by a she-wolf. The famous Bronze Wolf in the modern Capitol at Rome is supposed by many to be the identical statue of which Cicero here speaks.

24. Haruspices ex tota Etruria. On extraordinary occasions, soothsayers were sometimes invited to Rome from Etruria, as the Romans originally derived all their knowledge of divination from that country.

25. Caedes; subject of appropinquare.

28. Flexissent. Mood and Tense in the Direct Discourse? G. 525, 2, 29. Illorum responsis, in accordance with their responses. G. 416. 31. Iidemque, they also, i, e., the soothsayers.-Simulacrum; object of facere, whose subject is to be supplied, perhaps nos.

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32. Majus, larger, i. e., larger than the one which was struck by lightning. ·Contra atque ante fuerat, a direction opposite to that in which the former statue had stood. That faced towards the west, this towards the east.

34. Illud signum quod videtis, that statue which you behold. It was just finished.

35. Fore ut, it would come to pass that. G. 537, 3.

36. Ut possent, so that they could; Subj. of Result after illustrarentur.

1. Illud signum collocandum locaverunt, contracted to have that statue placed, i. e., made and placed as described (in excelso).

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3. Neque superioribus . . . nobis, neither in the preceding consulships (i. e., those of the two preceding years) nor in ours. With nobis supply consulibus; Abl. Absol.

6. Mente captus, bereft of reason, lit., captured (fettered, helpless) in mind. Mente, Abl. of Specification. — Qui neget, as to deny; Rela tive of Result.

8. Quum esset ita responsum, i. e., by the soothsayers. G. 521, II., 2. Ita is explained by caedes. . . comparari, and may be omitted in rendering.

10. Et ea, and that too. G. 451, 2. Ea is the subject of comparari, to be supplied.

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13. Illud; explained by ut, quum ... ducerentur. - Ita praesens, 149 so clearly divine, i. e., showing the divine presence.

14. Quum ducerentur; G. 529, II.

15. Eorum indices, the witnesses against them. — Eorum, Objective Genitive. Aedem Concordiae; situated on the slope of the Capitoline Hill, near the Forum,

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20. Quo, for this reason; i. e., because they are opposing the gods; Abl. of Cause. -Odio; G. 421, III.-Qui sunt conati. Observe the force of the Indicative, who have (actually) attempted.

23. Quibus; referring to isti qui. — Si dicam; G. 509.

24. Et non sim ferendus, and should be unendurable, i. e., insufferably arrogant.Ille, ille Juppiter, that, that Jupiter, pointing to the statue just erected.

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26. Diis immortalibus ducibus, under the guidance of the immortal gods. G. 431, 2. — Ego hanc mentem . . . suscepi, I conceived this purpose and desire. Ego, emphatic, in contrast with diis.

29. Creditae. Nunquam essent belongs to creditae, as well as to commissae. - Et ignotis et barbaris, to those who were both strangers and barbarians, i. e., to the ambassadors of the Allobroges.

30. Commissaeque... essent, and letters would never have been committed to them. Supply is referring to ignotis et barbaris.

31. Huic tantae audaciae, from this so great audacity, i. e., from this so audacious conspiracy; the abstract for the concrete. 386, 2.

G.

32. Ut homines Galli. In rendering begin with id non... ..putatis, p. 150, line 1.-Ut... negligerent... anteponerent; Substantive Clause in apposition with id. G. 501, III.-Ex civitate male pacata, from a state scarcely subjugated.

33. Quae videatur; G. 503, II., 1.

34. Posse et non nolle, to be able and not unwilling. Retain the Litotes. G. 637, VIII.

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35. Rerum amplissimarum, of the greatest advantages.· triciis hominibus, by patricians, i. e., among the conspirators, as Lentulus, Cethegus, and others.

36. Suis opibus, to their own interests. G. 386.

2. Qui superare potuerint, since they might have conquered. G. 150 517.- Tacendo; i. e., by not revealing the conspiracy.

X. The People are exhorted to give Thanks to the Gods.

4. Ad omnia pulvinaria, at all the altars. The pulvinaria are couches arranged around tables spread with viands for the gods. On

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