8. "His introduction to Mæcenas." By Virgil and Varius.

Nulla etenim tibi me fors obtulit; optimus olim
Virgilius, post hnnc Varius, dixêre quid essem.
Ut veni coram, singultim pauca locutus;
(Infans namque pudor prohibebat plura profari)
Non ego me claro natum patre, non ego circum
Me Satureiano vectari rura caballo,

Sed quod eram, narro: respondes, ut tuus est mos,

Pauca abeo;-et revocas nono pòst mense, jubesque
Esse in amicorum numero.

Sat. I. 6. 54.

9. "The time at which his friendship with Mæcenas commenced." (Comp. note "Fasti Horatiani” 714.)

Septimus octavo propior jam fugerit annus,

Ex quo Mæcenas me cœpit habere suorum
In numero.

11. "His Residence at Rome." The position of his house cannot be ascertained, but that he had a town residence appears from many passages.

"12. His manner of life in the city." Plain and unostentations.

Quâcunque libido est

Incedo solus; percontor, quanti olus et far;
Fallacem circum vespertinumque pererro
Sæpe forum; assisto divinis; inde domum me
Ad porri et ciceris refero laganique catinum.
Cœna ministratur pueris tribus, et lapis albus
Pocula cum cyatho duo sustinet; astat echinus
Vilis, cum paterâ guttus, Campana supellex.
Deinde eo dormitum, non sollicitus, mihi quòd cras
Surgendum sit manè, obeundus Marsya, qui se
Vultum ferre negat Noviorum posse minores.
Ad quartam jaceo; post hunc vagor, aut ego, lecto
Aut scripto quod me tacitum juvat, ungor olivo,
Non quo fraudatis immundus Natta lucernis.
Ast ubi me fessum sol acrior ire lavatum
Admonuit, fugio campum lusumque trigonem.
Pransus non avidè, quantum interpellet inani
Ventre diem durare, domesticus otior.

Sat. I. 6. 112.

The appointments of his house were such, that he could entertain his friends, not indeed with splendor, but yet with neatness and comfort.-Epist. I. 5. He frequently went out into society, and was a constant visitor at the house of Mæcenas.

13. "His preference of the country to the city, and his reasons."

Tu nidum servas: ego laudo ruris amœni
Rivos, et musco circumlita saxa, nemusque.
Quid quæris? vivo et regno, simul ista reliqui,
Quæ vos ad cœlum effertis rumore secundo.

Epist. I. 10.

Rure ego viventem, tu dicis in urbe beatum.

Epist. I. 14. 10.

At his Sabine farm,

15. "His usual residence in the country."

which had been presented to him by Mæcenas.*

Satis beatus unicis Sabinis.

Carm. II. 18. 14.

The small villages of Varia and Mandela, were in its immediate neighbourhood.†

The authority of Suetonius leads us to believe that Horace had another villa in the immediate neighbourhood of Tibur. But Cluver. (Ital. Antiq. II.) denies this; also Eustace (Classic. Tour, vol. 11, 235), and others, on the ground that it is inconsistent with the poet's declaration-Satis beatus unicis Sabinis and the manner in which he expresses his wishes, Carm. II. 6, Tibur, &c., sit utinam-unde si Parcæ prohibent iniquæ. Eustace explains the passage in Suetonius-" Vixit plurimum in secessu ruris sui Sabini aut Tiburtini"-as an allusion to the same place under the double appellation of his Sabine or Tiburtine seat, and cites in illustration the passage from Catullus : "O funde noster seu Sabine, seu Tiburs.".

But there are several passages, Carm. I. 7. 10, III. 4. 21, 24, IV. 2. 30, IV. 3 10; Epist. I. 7. 44, and 8. 12, which incline me to believe the statement of biographer. Several of the odes, moreover, appear to bear a kind of impress in their spirit and character of having been written amidst the romantic scenery of Tivoli. Compare the interesting remarks on this subject in Mr. Tate's "Preliminary Dissert.," and Dunlop's "Roman Literature," vol. III. p. 206.

It is generally supposed to have been about twelve miles to the north-east of Tibur. Those readers who wish for more information regarding its loca

by which a stream, the "Digentia," was formed.

Fons etiam, rivo dare nomen idoneus, ut nec
Frigidior Thracam, nec purior ambiat Hebrus.
Infirmo capiti fluit utilis, utilis alvo,

Epist. I. 16. 13.

Me quoties reficit gelidus Digentia rivus.

Epist. I. 18. 104.)

Its range embraced within it, woods, rocks, and hills.

Continui montes, nisi dissocientur opacâ

Valle: sed ut veniens dextrum latus aspiciat sol,
Lævum decedens curru fugiente vaporet.
Temperiem laudes. Quid? si rubicunda benignè
Corna vepres et pruna ferant? si quercus et ilex
Multa fruge pecus, multâ dominum juvet umbrâ.
Epist. I. 16. 5.

Impunè tutum per nemus arbutos

Quærunt latentes et thyma

Utcunque dulci, Tyndari, fistula

Valles et Usticæ cubantis

Levia personuere saxa.

Carm. I. 17.5.

lity than it is compatible with my limits to supply, are referred to Cluver. Ant. Ital. II. 9. Dominici de Sanctis, Dissertazione sopra la villa di Orazio Flacco; Heerken's Notabilia, vol. I. 29. M. L. Capmartin de Chaupy, Decouverte de la Maison de Campagne d' Horace; and Hackert's Sketches, the character of which I know only from the commendations of Ernesti, Clav. Horat., p. 26.

* This name appears to have been given to it by Horace, after a fountain near Venusia.

Puræ rivus aquæ, silvaque jugerum
Paucorum.

Carm. III. 16. 29.

Et paulum silvæ super his foret.

Sat. II. 6. 3.

Villice silvarum et mihi me reddentis agelli.

Epist. I. 14. 1.

The house, probably, was built in the valley of Ustica, between the hills of Lucretilis. and Ustica, not far from the fountain.

Valles et Ustica cubantis.

Carm. I. 17. 12.

Velox amænum sæpe Lucretilem

Mutat Lycao Faunus.

Carm. I. 17 1.

Hic in reductâ valle.

Carm. I. 17. 17.

Hortus ubi et tecto vicinus jugis aquæ fons.

Sat. II. 6. 2.

He kept at his farm a steward and eight slaves

Ni rapis, accedes opera agro nona Sabino.