Fundamentals of Limnology

acid algae alkaline allochthonous alpine lakes amounts animals aquatic assimilation Aufwuchs bacteria basin bicarbonate biocoenose biomass biotope body of water bottom calcium calcium carbonate carbon dioxide cent chemical chemosynthesis CO₂ colour concentration considerable curve Daphnia decomposition decrease density depth determined diatoms dissolved eddy diffusion Einsele epilimnion equilibrium eutrophic lakes example factor Figure forms gradient greater heat hence hydrogen hypolimnion important increase influence inorganic investigations iron larvae layer light limnology litre littoral Lunzer Untersee materials maximum meromictic metabolism metalimnion metres movements nitrogen nutrients Obersee occur oligotrophic lakes ooze organic matter oxidation oxygen oxygen content particles phosphate phosphorus photosynthesis phytoplankton plankton plants precipitation processes production production biology quantity radiation region respiration result rotifers Ruttner sediments seiches shore solution species spring strata stratification substances substrate sulphur summer surface temperature thermal thermocline tion trophogenic zone tropical lakes turbulence vertical distribution water mass zooplankton