Surgery and life: the extraordinary career of Alexis Carrel

activities Alexis Carrel Almroth Wright American animals antiseptic arteries asked Carrel associates blood vessels Board of Scientific Carrel thought Carrel wrote Carrel's laboratory cells chamber Chicago clinical colleagues Compiegne continue Coudert cultivation Dakin Demonstration Hospital developed discoveries disease Doctor Carrel dogs environment Experimental Surgery feelings flask Flexner fluid France French friends Gasser glands Gushing Guthrie Halsted heart Hideyo Noguchi human hypothermia infected wounds Institute's interest investigators Karl Landsteiner kidneys letter Lindbergh living Lourdes Lyons Martigny medical research Medicine ment method Nobel Prize Noguchi noted operation Paris Pasteur Pasteur Institute perfusion perfusion apparatus perfusion pump physiology possible present pressure problems published realize retirement Rockefeller Institute Saint-Gildas Scientific Directors scientists Simon Flexner solution sterilization studies success surgeons surgical sutures technique things tion tissue culture transplantation treatment tube United University Vallery-Radot vascular surgery viruses World write wrote Carrel wrote to Carrel yellow fever York