Wood Extraction with Oxen and Agricultural Tractors

16 December ACCORDING TO DISTANCE Aextoxicaceae agricultural tractor Appendix Average load Average skidding load average volume chain Chile Class of logs clear-felling coigue Cost equations cost of skidding Cost per m³ degrees of slope different felling systems distance and slope distance in metres draught animals driver energy forest enterprise forestry hooks hour hourly cost Lastarria Laurelia level ground m³ IN SKIDDING m³ to skid metres Fig Monimiaceae natural forest Nothofagus dombeyi Output in m³/h oxen in natural OXEN IN RADIATA oxen on different oxen on level power take-off pulpwood after thinning PULPWOOD WITH HORSES pulpwood with oxen Purchase value radiata pine plantations sawlogs and pulpwood SAWLOGS WITH OXEN skidding pulpwood skidding sawlogs skidding with oxen SLOPE IN SKIDDING SLOPES OF 0.15 slopes of 20 Speed and load team of oxen transport trees/ha trip with load ulmo volume of load weight winch yoking straps