PUBLISHERS' NOTE

FOR helpful suggestions in regard to the illustrations and for the loan of valuable photographs, the publishers desire to express their indebtedness to Professor Adeline Belle Hawes, of Wellesley College; Professor John Francis Greene, of Brown University; Professor Alexander Rice, of Boston University; and Mrs. Harriet Peirce Fuller, of the English High School, Providence. Thanks are also due to the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, the Boston Public Library, and the Farnsworth Art Gallery at Wellesley College, for courteous permission to reproduce photographs from their collections.

LIST OF MAPS

PLAN OF THE FORUM IN CICERO'S TIME. From Plate
III, Ch. Huelsen, The Roman Forum, G. E. Stechert &
Co., New York, 1909 .

ITALY IN CICERO'S TIME.

THE ROMAN EMPIRE IN GREECE AND ASIA MINOR

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415

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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

[NOTE. Nearly all of the illustrations in this book have been made from photo. graphs. In the few exceptional cases, the publishers take pleasure in stating in this list the works to which they are indebted.]

Marcus Tullius Cicero.

From the bust in the Vatican, Rome. Brunn-Arndt photograph. [For discussion, see Bernoulli, v. I, pp. 138–140, T. xii; Burckhardt, v. I, p. 165] Frontispiece

IN THE INTRODUCTION

Scenes from the life of a famous Roman. Relief from a sarcophagus in the Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

"Cicero's Tower" at Arpinum

Antium

So-called ruins of Cicero's villa at Tusculum

Raphael's idea of Cicero. From Raphael's sketch book in the
Museo Civico, Venice

The Forum in Cicero's time.

Restoration according to the descriptions in Ch. Huelsen, The Roman Forum, G. E. Stechert & Co., New York, 1909

IN THE TEXT

Headpiece Roman eagle and oak wreath. Ornament from
Trajan's Forum; now in the vestibule of the Church of the
Santi Apostoli, Rome

The insignia of the Pontificate. From the frieze of the temple
of Vespasian.

The end of a Roman bronze bed (Pompeii). Museo Nazionale,

Naples

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Xxxviii

Cicero before the Senate. From one of the Pomfret Marbles in the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford, England. Photographed from the engraving by J. K. Sherwin, in Oxonii, E Typographeo Clarendoniano, 1783

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xxi

xxvi

xlii

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2

5

Cicero and Catiline in the Senate. From the painting by
Maccari.

A city gate. Porta Latina, in Rome, as it is to-day
A domestic shrine. In the middle, the genius of the master of
the house, sacrificing, holding a libation saucer and box of
incense; at the sides, two Lares (household gods), each
with a drinking horn and pail; below, a crested serpent
about to devour the offerings; in the pediment above, sacri-
ficial implements. From the house of the Vettii, Pompeii
Ruins of the temple of Jupiter Stator. On the Palatine Hill,
Rome
The Roman Forum as it is to-day. View from the Tabularium,
looking toward the Coliseum. The columns of the Temple
of Saturn are prominent at the right. (See map, p. xxxix)
In the distance (right) the Palatine Hill
A gladiator's helmet, with reliefs representing an episode of the
Trojan war (Herculaneum). Museo Nazionale, Naples
The end of a Roman banquet. From a Pompeian wall painting,
Museo Nazionale, Naples

A Roman sacrifice, showing soldiers carrying the signa militaria. Relief of the time of Marcus Aurelius, from the Arch of Constantine, Rome

Ruins of the Roman theater at Fiesole (Faesulae)

L. Cornelius Sulla.

From the head in the Vatican, Rome. (See

Helbig, 90)
The interior of the carcer to-day. Lower dungeon (Tullianum).
(See Forum map and restoration, pp. xxxviii and xxxix)
A gladiator's shield and greaves. The shield is adorned with
a head of Medusa and an olive wreath (Pompeii). Museo
Nazionale, Naples.

An orator in the toga. British Museum, London
Tailpiece: A Roman altar. The right-hand relief represents a
goddess with a torch; the left hand, Leda and the swan. Altar
of the Castores, from the Lacus Juturnae, Roman Forum
Headpiece: Sacrificial animals. From a relief on a balustrade
in the Roman Forum

The Mulvian bridge. Ponte Molle, as it is now called, rests on the foundation of the Pons Mulvius, built by the Censor, M. Aemilius Scaurus, in B.C. 109. The four central arches are ancient

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