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the first inducement to trade with this island; and probably proved a very principal temptation to the frequent visits of the Roman conquerors. From the tools of oak that have been found in ancient tin mines, it is thought that tin works must have been carried on here long before iron was found in any abundance in England.

from death, but dying himself in 1534, after a very intemperate life, at the early age of forty-one, added another to the numerous examples of the folly and madness of infidelity. Notwithstanding this early acquaintance with some of the metals, it is surprising that it remained for the chemists of the present age, particularly Sir H. Davy, not only to correct and enlarge our information of those already known, but also to add so many to the catalogue; for there are now reckoned thirty-eight, which are classified according to their affinity for oxygen, with which they all more or less combine. The general characteristics of the metals, to use the words of an able modern chemist, are hardness, tenacity, Justre, opacity, fusibility, malleaways employed in extensive operability, and ductility;" although it is not necessary that a body should possess all these qualities to entitle it to this denomination.

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The avaricious and thoughtless may have occasionally regretted that it should require so much pains and labour to procure gold, silver, and copper. But the reflecting mind perceives the wisdom and mercy of the great Creator in depositing them in the bowels of the earth; not merely as it affords employment to man, but as it leaves the surface of the earth, the far greater part of which they must have otherwise occupied, for the important and delightful process of vegetation.

From the situation, as just described, in which the metals are generally found, it is less surprising that they should seldom occur in a state of purity. They are ordinarily met with in a state of combination with other metals, with sulphur, or oxygen, or with acids; and various means are employed for their purification: fire, however, is al

tions. Solution in acids, which was first adopted by Bergman, is more simple and satisfactory. It is chiefly owing to the improvements in the art of analyzing minerals, that we have become acquainted with the new metals, the further notice of which we must for the present defer.

May the youthful reader early acquire the habit of " looking through nature up to nature's God."

N. N.

THE LATE EARTHQUAKE.

THE district of Cutch, which was visited by the late dreadful earthThe internal parts of the earth, as quake, lies between 23° and 24° we had occasion to remark in our N. and 69° and 71° E. It is last essay, do not consist of one bounded N. by the desert of Ajuniform substance, but of various mere, w. by Gugerat, s. by the strata of substances, differing both gulf of Cutch, and w. by Sind, which in their appearance and qualities, lies between it and Persia. Boogeas well as in their depth and solidity. booge, its capital, which was totally Innumerable cracks and fissures, destroyed, and in which above 2000 called by the miners lodes, occur in persons perished, lies 1200 miles w. of these strata; and it is in these veins Calcutta, and 270 N. w. of Surat. Althat the metallic ore is found. It most all its other towns have either is frequently difficult to discover been destroyed, or have greatly sufthese veins, nor will they always fered. When we behold the calapay for working when they are mities of other countries, may we found. not say that our own happy country Metals abound most in mountain-is" a land which the Lord our God ous districts: hence the counties of careth for; and that the eyes of the Devon and Cornwall are in these Lord our God are always upon it, respects distinguished in this coun- from the beginning of the year even try. Mining is considered to have unto the end of the year?" been of early origin in Britain, and

Y.

Obituary.

MR. ROBERT BEILBY.

MR. R. BEILBY was born July 11, 1741, at Bridlington-quay, in Yorkshire. His father, Mr. Charles Beilby, was a master mariner, and unhappily found a watery grave when on a voyage to London, after he had been married only four years, leaving this his only son, two years and a half old, and one daughter half a year old. Mrs. Beilby, | who, by this solemn providence, was bereaved of an affectionate hus band, bowed to the Divine will with Christian resignation, and laboured to train up her children in the fear of the Lord. For this important work she was well qualified, having had a pious education herself, and having the holy example of Mr. George Nesfield her father, constantly before her. Mr. Nesfield had long been a useful member, and a deacon, of the Baptist church at Bridlington, and honourably supported the Christian character. Mrs. Beilby also, prior to her marriage, had become a member of the same Christian society. Mr. Beilby, whilst an infant, was removed to the house of this his maternal grandfather. His aunt, Mrs. Hannah Nesfield, who was afterwards married to the Rev. John Oulton, M. A. Baptist Minister at Rawdon, watched over him with pious care, and retained the warmest affection for him through life. In his youth he was preserved from many of the follies and dan, gerous pursuits into which others have fallen, who have been educated merely to act a part in this life, and obtain a portion of its perishable enjoyments. He was early accustomed to read the scriptures, to reverence the Lord's-day, to attend the house of God, to avoid the company of wicked children, and to select for his companions those of a virtuous character. Hence being "trained up in the way he

should go, when he was old he did not depart from it." By what means he was converted to God does not appear, but there is no doubt that his heart was changed by divine grace at an early period; and those early fruits of piety which appeared in him, and in his yet surviving sister, made his mother's heart rejoice, and led her to observe, "that she believed the Lord had blessed her with two such children as few parents had." Sometimes the Holy Spirit awakens the soul as by a peal of thunder, and at other times his influence descends as the gentle dew; so we believe it was in his youth with our venerable friend: "The Sun of Righteousness arose upon him with healing in his wings, as a morning without clouds, and shone brighter and brighter until the perfect day."

In the 25th year of his age he made a public profession of his faith in the Redeemer, and was baptized, and added to the church at Bridlington, April 20, 1766. "Being now buried with his Lord by baptism into death, like as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of his Father, even so also he walked in newness of life.”—He received the Lord Jesus Christ as his Legislator, Pattern, and Saviour, and he grew up as a flourishing plant in the courts of the Lord's house, bringing forth fruit even to old age. His religious sentiments were strictly Calvinistic; but with him the doctrines of grace were not matters of mere speculation, nor the simple belief of them associated with malevolence and evil passions; they produced humility, compassion, righteousness, and charity.

After he had continued a few years in the church, he was unanimously chosen a deacon. His qualifications for the due discharge of this office were such as have been excelled by few. He was a faix

copy of the apostle's description of a deacon, 1 Tim. iii. 8. He was 46 grave, not double-tongued, not given to much wine, not greedy of filthy lucre, holding the mystery of faith in a pure conscience, and purchased to himself a good degree, and great boldness in the faith which is in Christ Jesus." He was an eminent example in his attendance on the ordinances of the gospel. Waiting upon God in his own house afforded him gladness of heart: his language was, "I have loved the habitation of thine house, the place where thine honour dwelleth." The writer of this memoir can witness, that for the last twenty-three years, he never knew him absent from his post, either on the Lord's days, or on other appointed seasons, at lectures and prayer-meetings, except detained by illness, or necessarily from home. He often lamented the coldness of those, who for very light and trifling reasons, would excuse themselves from going to the house of God; and was much affected to see how much such persons appeared to prefer the vanities of this world to the provisions of Zion, and to labour more for the bread that perisheth than for that which endureth to everlasting life.

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Gravity was so strongly impressed upon his countenance, that a stranger might have concluded at the first interview, that he was naturally morose and austere; whereas his temper was mild and placid to a high degree. He cultivated a spirit of peace through the whole of his Christian profession, labouring as far as possible "to live peaceably with all men." The law of kindness was on his lips, and anger seldom kindled in his bosom. The church, his own family, and the neighbourhood around him, felt the sweet influence of his kind and gentle spirit, and most affectionate manners. His habits and way of life were simple, and truly patriarchal. Thongh Divine Providence smiled upon his worldly concerns, and blessed him with abundance of this world's goods, yet he despised the gaieties of life, and beheld with contempt those trifling toys which too frequently engage the attention

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of others. It was manifest that his treasure was in heaven, and his heart set upon true riches.

It is the lot of but few to be held in high estimation by all; but such were the fidelity and probity of Mr. Beilby's conversation, that he escaped the breath of calumny, and was universally spoken of with the highest regard. His life was truly an epistle of Jesus Christ, known and read by all around. By his liberal contributions he was the chief support of the ministry of the word where he attended: but his liberality did not terminate there; the Missionary Society, the Baptist Academy at Bradford, and other institutions, shared in his munificence.

In April, 1794, Mr. Beilby married Miss Sarah Stockell, daughter of the late Mr. W. Stockell, a worthy member of the same church with himself. But this union was of short duration, for he was called to follow Mrs. Beilby to the grave in January, 1796.

Our venerable friend was spared, however, in peace and health, till the month of May, 1810, when he was seized by a paralytic stroke, which, for many years, nearly deprived him of the use of one side; but he retained the powers of his mind to the last. His long illness he bore with Christian patience. For the first eight years and a half he was led to the house of God, but about a month before his death he became subject to very severe pains. His pastor one day reminding him of his afflictions, he replied, "Blessed be the Lord who has given me patience to endure them." At another time, being asked of his hope of a better world, he said, "I come to Jesus as a poor sinner." About a week before his departure, he desired his pastor to preach the Lord'sday after his funeral, from John vi. 37. "Him that cometh unto me I will in no wise cast out;" but added, "Say but little about me." On August 10, 1819, he fell asleep in the faith of the Redeemer. "Mark the perfect man, and behold the upright: for the end of that man is peace."

Bridlington.

R. H.

Review.

The Christian Ministry an Office of
Labour. A Sermon, preached in
Broadmead, Bristol, at the Annual
Meeting of the Bristol Education
Society, August 5, 1818. By Tho-
mas Crisp.

of our seminaries, have deserved all that has been above stated: but have not conceit, disgusting selfcomplacency, lamentable deficiency in gospel sentiments, and destitution of personal religion, appeared in men who have assumed the ministerial character, without having has been so ignorantly deemed per been shaded by the bower which nicious? The truth is, academies are good, but human nature is not so: and no institution in this sinful

To object to academies in which pious young men, possessing appropriate talents, enjoy leisure, receive instructions, store their minds with useful knowledge, acquire a habit of severe attention, and are profited by discipline and the example of pru-world, has been uniformly sucdent and pious tutors, is not very wise; nor do the reasons usually given in support of those objections in the least lessen our surprise at the existence and magnitude of such an

cessful in effecting good; uor will any wise man expect things to be otherwise, till our race is, generally, more improved. If there be error in judgment. It is said that religion in the heart, good capacity, some of our young men are conceit-health, and a disposition to be laed and pedantic-that they are raboriously attentive to the claims of ther fine gentlemen than laborious duty, an institution in which a pruministers that they are too oftendent, pious, learned, and diligent deficient in personal religion and in tutor presides in which the studies to be pursued, and the instructions evangelical savour-and the whole to be received, are fitted to effect a is finished by denominating them men-made ministers, as if the acadue preparation for the sacred duties of the Christian preacher and demical economy included no means to be employed in order to ascertain pastor-and in which there is a the piety and qualifications of all good collection of useful books, and who are admitted to be students. opportunity to read them, deserves A child might perceive that all this the patronage of man, and is posis arguing from the general folly and sessed of the approbation of God, wickedness of human nature, which Let none, on any account, be adrefuses or abuses what is intended mitted into our theological seminaand adapted to produce the greatest health: let them be dismissed if ries of doubtful piety, capacity, or good, against institutions of wisdom, benevolence, and religion. they have imbibed heterodox opijudgment is quite as sapient as his nions, or contracted indolent habits, who blames the rules and labours and persist after warning and a rea of one who has admirably managed sonable time has been allowed for a fine piece of garden-ground, be amendment, and the establishments cause the crops have greatly failed, which we defend, will be highly when that disappointment of ex-advantageous to the church of God, As this is our deliberate opinion pectation was alone owing to frosts,

Such

or tempests, or drought, or some- of theological seminaries among disthing quite foreign from the pro-senters, the perusal of the sermon be seedings of him who is loaded with fore us afforded us considerable plea sure, It is the production of a mi

these senseless censures.

We admit that some students,nister of Jesus Christ, who enjoyed, who have enjoyed the advantages in former years, the high advan

VOL. XII.

REVIEW.

tages of academical instruction; and as he is, on that account, the better qualified to speak on the subject of its utility, so he has, in this discourse, with much seriousness of mind and manly frankness, admitted both the partial abuse and the general usefulness of such a course: and, indeed, it is vworthy of remark, that those who object to it have never received its benefits, while the most learned, pious, and useful minister of the gospel, of every church, and of every age and clime, who have been blessed with a learned education, have most highly appreciated the importance of it, and of the seminaries in which it was obtained.

The text selected for this sermon, is in 1 Cor. iii. 9, and it is proposed, by Mr. Crisp, first, to illustrate the peculiar view which is here given of the ministerial office; and, secondly, to show the influence which this view of the ministry ought to have on students, and ministers, and hearers.

We must not be considered as using the mere commonplace language of a friendly reviewer when we say, that the preacher has copiously and accurately, with much piety and affection, illustrated and applied these general topics.

The style of the discourse is neat, perspicuous, and manly, without any of that little finery which only serves to render the performance disgusting, and for the mere sake of which the preacher, too often, delivers his sermon. All those who dispense, and every one who hears, the gospel, cannot, from an attentive perusal of what is here written, fail of receiving much advantage, if their hearts be rightly disposed.

Immanuel's Crown; or, The Divinity of Christ demonstrated. By the Rev. R. Newman, Faversham, Kent. 102 pages. Boards. 2s. 6d. THE Divinity of Christ is here proved from his divine names; his divine perfections; his works; his worship; his sacrifice; and scripture testimonies. Then follow, the influence of this doctrine, the opinion of eminent writers, and answers to

objections. We unite with the author in hoping, that "this simple, though well-meant performance may, under a Divine blessing, lead some sinner to an acknowledgment of the truth, and reclaim others who have wandered wide into the devious paths of error." This book would have appeared to far greater advantage, if the author had intrusted to some judicious friend the revision of the manuscript, and the superintendence of the press. If a very little trouble of this kind had been taken with it, it would have been in our power to recommend it in a more unqualified manner to our readers.

Hints on the Duties and Privileges of Church Fellowship, addressed to Candidates for Communion, and the Junior Members of Dissenting Churches. By J. Edwards, Mi nister of the Gospel, Wild-street, London. Second Edition, enlarged. 24mo. 110 pages.

IN our review of the first edition of this instructive little book, which was divided into Personal PietyPositive Institutions-The Nature of a Christian Church-the Duties and Privileges of Church Members - Punctuality Circumspectionand Brotherly Love, we mended it as well deserving the attention of young Christians, and especially of those who are about to unite in fellowship with the church of Christ.

recom

The present edition contains two additional chapters, viz. On the Appropriate Work of a Deacon and, On the Reasons of Dissent. These meet with our approbation equally with the former. We learn with pleasure that the author has been repeatedly solicited from various quarters to enlarge his plan, and shall be glad to find that he attends to the recommendation.

In the mean time, we repeat that this is a useful work, containing much valuable information and advice in a small compass.

We are unwilling to omit this opportunity of saying, that no small part of the usefulness of a minister depends, under God, upon the as

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