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vered the first day the house assembled. They who could foresee nothing else, must at least have foreseen that parliament was to be assembled.

Mr. Ponsonby observed, that the Chancellor of the Exchequer had been pleased to tell the house, that the question they were now called on to decide, was, merely whether it should proceed to the institution of an inquiry on Friday next, or on the succeeding Monday. That, however, was not the question. It was far more important-it was, whether the house should that night do its duty to the people of Great Britain and Ireland, or wave it altogether, through deferential indulgence to ministers.

Mr. Stephen thought an inquiry proper and necessary, to satisfy the country; but as the papers would be produced, he should vote for postponing the inquiry for that time. It had been argued, by Mr. Windham, that because the motion only implied that there was ground for putting ministers on their trial, there was no need to wait for the promised papers. What evil could arise from a delay of two days, of such magnitude, as could justify the house in precipitating a vote without hearing such evidence as was offered for their consideration? If not material to the question whether inquiry was proper, it might at least assist them in deciding as to the mode and extent of the inquiry. He could not admit the mere failure of the expedition to the Scheldt, or the ill success of our arms in the peninsula, to be sufficient ground for inferring criminal misconduct, or incapacity on

the part of government. When a country is at perfect freedom of choice, either to abstain or to prosecute military enterprises, ill success might indeed furnish a reasonable presumption of miscon duct in their authors or conductors. But England was in a situation similar to that of a town besieged by a powerful army, which the garrison was too feeble to encounter in the open field. In this case the best means of defence might be, frequent sallies, to delay the enemy's ultimate success, and take the chance of contingencies, which might bring final relief, though there was no hope, by such sallies, of raising the siege. Our continental efforts against our too powerful enemy, were of this kind. Mr. Stephen concluded, with some lively strictures on the eagerness of gentlemen on the opposite side of the house to turn the failure of the expedition to their own political purpose of getting into power, by the dismissal of their opponents. The public, he said, was led to expect a redress of grievances, and punishment of delinquents. But those gentlemen had the more substantial game in view, of obtaining possession of the government: and this was the true cause of their impatience. They reminded him of the squire of the valorous knight of La Mancha. The knight, like the people of England in the present case, was intent on generous purposes, though with mistaken views. But the squire had always his eye to the main chance; and, as soon as an adventure was achieved by his master, he conceived, like the right honourable gentlemen, that his end was attained, and said, “I

do

do beseech you, sir, give me immediately that same government." Sir Samuel Romilly said, this was the first time in his life that he had heard the doctrine that we should be certain of criminality before we proceeded to inquiry. A great calamity had befallen the country; could there be any serious doubt as to the necessity of inquiring into the cause or causes? It had been said, by his learned friend, that the object of the motion was to turn out the present ministers. How could inquiry turn out ministers, unless the result of the inquiry should shew them to be criminal? If, on the contrary, the inquiry should prove that no blame was imputable to them, they would only be more firmly established in their places. If it was of very little consequence whether inquiry should be voted that night, or Monday, why did ministers think it worth while to make a serious opposition. Was there an individual present not convinced that it was the intention of ministers, if they could by any means, to evade inquiry altogether? If, in fact, it were a question of only twenty-four hours, it were better to vote for inquiry now, than delay such a vote for even twentyfour hours. The house was then on its trial before the world, and should lose no time in acquitting itself in the eyes of the country. -General Grosvenor felt the most anxious wish to support the motion of the noble lord. He owed it to the commander-in-chief, Lord Chatham-he owed it to the army, officers and men-he owed it also to himself, as having had a com

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mànd in that army, to declare, that he could not gratify the whole army more than by voting for the speediest and most effectual inquiry.-Sir Home Popham said, that the same motives induced him, in the strongest and most explicit manner, to press the house to go into the minutest inquiry in to the conduct of the fleet. He was perfectly convinced that such a course would be very congenial to the feelings of the whole, and particularly those of the gallant admiral who commanded it; whose whole life had been a tissue of the most active and enterprising services; whose achievements had been equalled by few, excelled by none. Mr. Wilberforce wished to obtain the point of inquiry now, that very evening, for he had been too long in parliament* not to know, that, if deferred till Monday, it would never be obtained at all. Mr. Canning said, that it would be better to postpone any direct motion for inquiry until the house should be in possession of the promised papers. This was a deference due to the government. But, whatever the contents of these papers might be, they would not supersede the necessity of an inquiry of some kind. Inquiry could not be avoided. It must take place sooner or later. Inconyeniences, however, would lie in the mode of inquiry, that would result from the adoption of the motion. If it should appear, from the papers to be laid on the table, that blame was imputable to the commanders of the expedition, an investigation at the bar of the house would certainly not be the

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most adviseable or constitutional way, to ascertain what portion of misconduct fell to each. No inquiry before the house, or any sefection from it, could embrace the misconduct, supposing any imputable to them, of the commanders of the expedition. The case, how ever, was different with regard to the share that ministers had in the transaction; and he put in his claim to a full share of the responsibility, which the ministry, that set it forward, might have incurred. He would give his vote against the motion of the noble lord, but not in the hope of defeating inquiry, which could not be avoided. Several other members spoke on the opposite sides of the question. But the main arguments, pro and con, have been already, perhaps, too often stated. Mr. Tierney excited a laugh at the Chancellor of the Exchequer. It had been frequently asserted, he said, that the object of the motion was to turn out ministers. And it was whimsical enough, that the prime minister himself had stated that as an objection to the motion. Mr Eyre, a very honourable gentleman, raised a laugh against himself. He said, that on the present occasion, he would not vote on the side of administration. But as to their general conduct, he was convinced that they possessed great merit, though the nature of that merit was not sufficiently understood by the country.

On a division of the house there

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Scheldt, was then fixed for Friday next.

House of Commons, February 2. Lord Porchester, before he moved the order of the day, rose to give notice, that on Monday he should move for certain papers relating to the late expedition to the Scheldt, which, he thought, were necessary to render those already before the house complete. In the papers before them, two or three objects were named, as those of the expcdition; while one part of the force was to be stationed as a garrison, the other was to proceed to accomplish such of the ulterior objects of the expedition, as might appear practicable. From the papers before them it appeared, that a very few days after every obstacle, to the accomplishment of the ulterior objects, had been removed (as stated by Lord C.) by the seasonable fall of Flushing, the whole of those objects were abandoned. Could it be thought, that the general had received no instructions in the interval to direct his conduct. He was of opinion, that such communications must have existed. And, as they were not produced, he must consider the papers that had been laid by ministers before the house, as incomplete and defective. Pursuant to this notice, Lord Porchester,

House of Commons, February 5, moved, that an humble address be presented to his Majesty, that he would be graciously pleased to give orders," that there be laid before the house copies of all the instructions given to Lord Chatham, and Sir Richard Strachan, and the officers employed in the expedition to the Scheldt," agreed

to.

to.—“ Also, copies of all communications, not already before the house, between his majesty's ministers and the officers employed in the expedition to the Scheldt, relative to that expedition," agreed to." Also, the date of the receipt of Mr. Bathurst's dispatches, which bore date the 15th of September, 1809," agreed to.

It was unanimously agreed, that it would be competent for the committee, from time to time, to instruct the chairman to move for all such papers as might be found ne

cessary. Lord Porchester moved, for the

appointment of a secret committee, to whom should be referred the inspection and selection of certain secret information, and confidential communication, laid before his majesty's ministers, with respect to the expedition to the Scheldt, and of a nature improper to be made public. A committee was appointed, consisting of Lord Porchester, Mr. F. Robinson, Admiral Markham, Mr. Bathurst, General Ferguson, Mr. Wilberforce, Mr. Sturges Bourne, Mr. Yorke, Captain Beresford, Mr. Davie Giddy, and General Crawford.

VOL. LII.

E

CHAP.

CHAP. IV.

House of Commons proceeds in the Inquiry into the Expedition to the Scheldt.-Found among the Papers on the Table, a Narrative of the Expedition to the Scheldt, signed by Lord Chatham, and presented te his Majesty, without the Intervention of any responsible Minister The Purpose for which this was apparently framed.This clandestine Proceeding of Lord Chatham, arraigned by some Members as unconstitutional defended by others.-Motion by Mr. Whitbread, for an Address to his Majesty, for Copies of all Reports, &c. submitted at any Time to his Majesty, by the Earl of Chatham, relative to the late Expedition.-Debates.-The Motion carried by a small Majority.-The King's Answer to the Address respecting Lord Chatham's Narrative.— Inserted in the Journals of the House. House of Lords-Motion by the Marquis of Lansdown, for an Address to his Majesty, respecting his Majesty's Answer to the City of London.-Cause and Object of this Motion.-Debate.-Discussions respecting the Policy and Conduct of the Scheldt Expedition.-Lord Lansdown's Motion negatived. House of Commons.-Specific Resolutions moved by Mr. Whitbread, on the Narrative of the Earl of Chatham.-Long Debates.-The Resolutions carried by a small Majority.

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OUSE of Commons, February 19. The order of the day being moved, for going into a committee of inquiry, respecting the expedition to the Scheldt, Lord Folkstone said, there was a subject of great consequence, to which he thought it his duty, on that occasion, to call the attention of the house. Among the papers on the table he found a letter of a most extraordinary nature, referring to the matter of the present inquiry. A narrative of the expedition to the Scheldt, signed by Lord Chatham, and presented to his Majesty without the intervention of any responsible minister. This paper had been produced on the motion of General Loft, of

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which he had given due notice. It was entitled, Copy of the Earl of Chatham's statement of his proceedings, dated 15th of October 1809;-presented to the king 14th February, 1810.* The date of its presentation to the king was much noticed. It bore date only on the 14th inst. although it had been two or three months ago announced in the newspapers, known or supposed to have some understanding with the ministry, that Lord Chatham had presented a narrative of this description to his Majesty. The objections which Lord Folkstone had to this paper, on account of the manner in which it had been presented to his Majesty, were considerably aggra

See this paper in State Papers, p. 433.

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