Pattern Formation in ZebrafishLilianna Solnica-Krezel Springer Science & Business Media, 17 apr 2013 - 438 pagine What makes an ideal model system to study embryonic development? The answer to this question has varied in the course of scientific quest, depending on the available experimental approaches. Yet, at the beginning of the new millennium, most of the mainstream model organisms have one feature in common, they are amenable to genetic analysis. Indeed, the genetic approach has proven remarkably effective in the dissection of complex biological phenomena, starting with the regulation of the lactose operon in Escherichia coli, the decision between the lysogenic and lytic cycles of the lambda phage and the yeast cell cycle control. The genetic screens for mutations affecting embryonic development of a fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, carried out by Christiane Niisslein-Volhard, Eric Wieschaus and Edward Lewis, marked the turning point in experimental approaches to embryonic development of more complex organisms. The resulting mutants facilitated identification of the key regulatory molecules, while their phenotypic classes hinted at the underlying regulatory mechanisms. This work not only provided a paradigm for genetic dissection of other developmental processes, but also inspired many budding embryologists throughout the world. Soon thereafter, George Streisinger noted that, among vertebrates, the zebrafish, Danio rerio, offered many features facilitating the dissection of nervous system development and function. Among these, transparency of the embryo, ease of husbandry, and the highly prolific nature make the zebrafish a good genetic model system. |
Sommario
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5 | |
The Role of the YSL in Mesoderm and Endoderm Formation | 11 |
Induction of Mesoderm by Intercellular Signals | 17 |
4 | 21 |
AnteriorPosterior Patterning of the Mesoderm | 24 |
Pharyngeal Pouch Endoderm Versus Digestive Tract Endoderm | 46 |
The Nieuwkoop Center and Organizer Induction | 54 |
The Midbrain and Hindbrain | 202 |
Introduction | 216 |
Cell Fate Specification | 223 |
Regional Specification | 231 |
Neurogenesis and Specification of Neuronal Identity | 237 |
Regulation of ngnl Expression | 244 |
Perspectives | 251 |
Cellular Genetic and Molecular Mechanisms | 252 |
Dorsoventral Patterning in Frog Fish and | 72 |
Different Phases of DV Pattern Formation | 79 |
The Organizer | 83 |
Implications of DV Patterning on the Anteroposterior Axis | 90 |
Specification of LeftRight Asymmetry | 96 |
Stabilizing Propagating and Reinforcing LeftRight Asymmetry | 102 |
Cardiac LeftRight Asymmetry | 108 |
Hypoblast Formation | 129 |
Conclusions and Prospects? | 135 |
Cellular Behaviors Effecting Convergence | 143 |
Molecular Genetic Basis of Convergence | 153 |
Molecular Genetic Coordination of Convergence | 160 |
Primordial Germ Cell Development in Zebrafish | 166 |
PGC Migration in Zebrafish | 172 |
PGC Development in Zebrafish as Compared | 178 |
The Forebrain | 190 |
Axonal Pathfinding by Spinal Motoneurons | 260 |
Conclusions | 268 |
Establishing a Segmental Pattern | 276 |
Formation of the Somite Boundary | 284 |
Questions for the Future | 296 |
Pattern and Orientation to the Onset of Function | 314 |
The Pronephros | 322 |
Summary and Perspectives | 344 |
Neurogenesis | 352 |
Terminal Differentiation of Cellular Morphology | 366 |
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401 | |
104 | 411 |
431 | |
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activity axial axis axons B-catenin blastoderm blastomeres blastula Bmp signaling cell fate Chordin convergence and extension defects Dev Biol differentiation domain dorsal dorsoventral Drosophila early ectoderm ectopic Eisen embryos encodes endoderm epiboly extension movements fate map Fgf8 floor plate forebrain formation function gastrulation gene expression genetic growth cones Hammerschmidt hindbrain hox genes hypoblast induce intermediate mesoderm Kimmel lateral layer margin markers medial mediolateral mesendoderm midline migration molecular morphogenesis morphological motor neurons mouse muscle mutant embryos mutants myotome neural crest cells neural plate neuroectoderm Nodal signaling Notch signaling notochord Nüsslein-Volhard optic organizer overexpression paraxial mesoderm pathway PGCs phenotype photoreceptor posterior prechordal plate precursors progenitors pronephric duct protein receptor region regulation retina role Schier segmentation Solnica-Krezel somite somitogenesis specification spinal cord stage Stainier studies suggest tissue transcription factor trunk unpubl ventral vertebrates Warga wild-type Wnt signaling Xenopus yolk cell zebrafish zebrafish embryos