Posteritas; eadem facient cupientque minores, Omne in præcipiti vitium stetit, utere velis, Totos pande sinus. Dicas hic forsitan "unde Ingenium par materiæ? Unde illa priorum Scribendi, quodcunque animo flagrante liberet Simplicitas cujus non audeo dicere nomen? Quid refert dictis ignoscat Mucius an non?' . Pone Tigellinum, tæda lucebis in illa 149 Omn. &c.] All vice is at its acme. ut. vel.] says the poet to himself. vel.] Dedimus vela indignationi, dedimus iræ, dedimus dolori; et in amplissima causa, quasi magno mari, pluribus ventis sumus vecti, Plin. Ep. vi. 33 § 10: in quo tu ingenii simul dolorisque velis latissime vectus es, id. iv. 20 §2: panderem vela orationis, Cic. Tusc. iv § 9. 151. Of old "facta arguebantur, dicta impune erant," Tac. Ann. i. 72: under Tiberius (Tac. 1. 1.) and Domitian (Satis erat objici qualecunque factum dictumque adversus Majestatem Principis, Suet. Dom. 12) the authors of libelli famosi were capitally punished by the leges Majestatis. 153. cuj. &c.] Words of Lucilius. Secuit Lucilius urbem, Te Lupe, te Muci, et genuinum fregit in illis, Pers. i. 114 cf. Hor. S. ii. 1, 62-86, supr. 20 n. 155. Lucilius might defy Mucius, but who under Nero would dare to draw a true portrait of Tigellinus? Pone] Either (as in Ov. A. A. lii. 401, Si Venerem Cous nunquam posuisset Achilles) to portray, or simply to mention, bring forward. 150 155 Tigell.] Sophonius Tigellinus, obscuris parentibus, fœda pueritia, impudica senecta, præfecturam vigilum et prætorii, et alia præmia virtutum, quæ velocius erat vitiis adeptus, crudelitatem mox, deinde avaritiam, et virilia scelera exercuit, corrupto ad omne facinus Nerone, Tac. Hist. i. 72: validiorque indies Tigellinus, et malas artes, quibus solis pollebat, gratiores ratus, si Principem societate scelerum obstringeret, metus ejus rimatur, id. Ann. xiv. 57, cf. 60. When Apollonius of Tyana was at Rome, he said to Menippus, who had loudly denounced the adulation of the citizens, that "the gods must not be blamed if they amused themselves with such farces." this Tigellinus prosecuted him (Philostr. iv. 44 § 1: πάσης ὠμότη τός τε καὶ ἀσελγείας διδάσκαλος ἦν τῷ Νέρωνι, ib. § 3 : cf. τὸν διδάσκαλον καὶ παιδαγωγὸν τῆς τυραννίδος Τιγελλῖνον, Plut. Galb. 17). For Pone...lucebis] In sentences such as this, which is equivalent to "si pones, lucebis," Cicero never uses et; later writers either insert or omit it, indifferently; thus Vivat Fidenis, et agello cedo paterno, Juv. vi. 57: audeat... et credam, xvi. 31: objice mihi amicum et habes maledicendi Qua stantes ardent, qui fixo gutture fumant, materiam, Quintil. Decl. ix. § 13: tæda] You will suffer as the Christians suffered under Neropereuntibus addita ludibria, ut... aut crucibus [interirent] affixi, aut flammandi, atque ubi defecisset dies, in usum nocturni ignis urerentur, Tac. Ann. xv. 44: cogita... adactum per medium hominem, qui per os emergat stipitem ; . illam tunicam alimentis ignium illitam et intextam, Sen. Ep. 14 § 4: tunica molesta, Juv. viii. 235 n.: "When we are slain, says Tertull., we conquer; though you now call us sarmenticii and semaxii, because, bound to the stake of an axle cleft in two, we burn amidst a pile of faggots (sarmenta). This is the robe of our victory; this our tunica palmata; this our triumphal chariot," Apol. 50: circumdati defossis corporibus ignes, Sen. de Ira, iii. 3 § 6: Cato, ap. Gell. iii. 14, attributes this torture to the Carthaginians: Balbus, the quæstor of Asinius Pollio, "defodit in ludo et vivum combussit" a Roman citizen, B. c. 43, Poll. ap. Cic. Ep. Fam. x. 32: it was one of the boasts of Trajan's time that e spectatore spectaculum factus, 66 nemo miseras voluptates unco et ignibus expiavit," Plin. Pan. 33 § 3. 156. qua (tæda)] "by which fire they are burnt.” 157. et (quæ tæda) sulc. &c.] "The furrow in the sand is formed by a number of victims who are buried to their middle in the sand, and then burnt in a long row. In Greek and Latin the relative is often to be supplied from a preceding clause in a different case, Matthiæ § 428. 2; quibusque fuisset minima cum corporibus contagio, seseque ab iis semper sevocassent, Cic. Tusc. i § 72: quibus pecunias imperasset, neque contulissent, Hirt. Bell. Alex. 56." Madv. Opusc. alt. p. 177; add doin δ ̓ ᾧ κ ̓ ἐθέλοι καί οἱ κεχαρισμένος λ00, Hom. Od. ii. 54, cf. ib. 114. 158. Must I then, the poet asks, look quietly on, while one who has enriched himself by poisoning three uncles is carried proudly by? 158. acon.] Ov. Met. vii. 406 sq., who derives the name from ἀκονή Quæ quia nascuntur dura vivacia caute, Agrestes aconita vocant, v. 418-19 Martianus Capella derives it from a harbour Acone in the Sinus Mariandynus, vi. § 688. For this poison there was no antidote, Theophr. H. Pl. ix. 16 § 5, vol. i. p. 317 Schn. 159. plum.] The lectica, 64 n., x. 362; Equestri insidens statuæ, in sacra via, celeberrimo loco, Cloelia exprobrat juvenibus nostris pulvinum ascendentibus, in ea illos urbe "Quum veniet contra, digito compesce labellum. Accusator erit, qui verbum dixerit 'hic est.' Securus licet Ænean Rutulumque ferocem Committas, nulli gravis est percussus Achilles sic ingredi, in qua etiam feminas equo donavimus, Sen. ad Marc. 16 §1; lectica octophoro ferebatur, in qua pulvinus erat perlucidus Melitensi rosa fartus, Cic. Verr. v § 27. desp.] quos supra capita hominum, supra turbam delicatos lectica suspendit, Sen. Ep. 80 § 8, infr. iii. 239 sq. [160-169. Yes, the poet's friend replies, when such a one goes by, you will be wise to lay your finger on your lip. You may speak of Æneas and Achilles, and no offence will be taken; but if you touch on the vices, of our time, you open the sores of many a guilty conscience. Count well the cost, before you make the venture. Cf. Hor. S. ii. 1, 10 sq.] 160. ven. cont.] Mart. v. 4. 5, xiv. 62. 2. dig.] The index finger: el Toîs χείλεσιν ἔχων τὸν κατασιγάζοντα δάκ TUλOV, Suid. s. v. diαyváμwv: ille digitum a pollice proximum ori suo admovens, et in stuporem attonitus, "Tace, tace," inquit, et circumspiciens tutamina sermonis: "Parce," inquit, "in feminam divinam, ne quam tibi lingua intemperante noxam contrahas," Apul. Met. i. 80. So Angerona, the goddess of silence, was represented: Angeronam, quæ digito ad os admoto silentium denuntiat, Macrob. Sat. iii. 9: simulacrum, quod digito labiis impresso admonere videretur, ut silentium fieret, Aug. de Civ. Dei, xviii. 5: so 160 Harpocrates, the Egyptian god of silence: Sigalion Ægyptius, Auson. Epist. xxv. 27: quique premit vocem, digitoque silentia suadet, Ov. Met. ix. 691: Arpocrates digito significat ut taceas, Varr. L. L. v § 67 Müll. .... 161. acc. er. [ejus] qui &c.] Sed quid ego matrem aut domum appello [ejus], quem nova pœna legis et domo et parente. .privat? Cic. p. Mur. § 89: primum ratio habebatur [ejus], qui maximus natu esset ex liberis, Nep. Ages. 1 § 3: quod ibi domus fuerit [ejus], cui cognomen fuit Macellus, Varr. L. L. v § 147. 'hic est.'] At pulchrum est digito monstrari, et dicier "hic est," Pers. i. 28 Mart. v. 13. 3: "every one that sees you will elbow his neighbour, and point to you with his finger, saying 'OTOS ÉKEîvos,”” Lucian, Somn. 11, 162-3. You may join in battle Eneas and Turnus. Comm.] Properly to match, e. g. gladiators, to set them to fight (Homer's ἔριδι ξυνέηκε μάχεσθαι, 11. i. 8); so-Committit vates et comparat, Juv. vi. 436: the poet is said to do himself what he only describes, Turgidus Alpinus jugulat dum Memnona, Hor. S. i. 10. 36: οἱ παλαιοὶ τῶν ποιητῶν. . . ἐρωτῶντες, Thuc. i. 5. 163. No one is provoked by hearing how Achilles was wounded by Paris cf. Nec nocet auctori, mollem qui fecit Achillem, Infregisse suis D Aut multum quæsitus Hylas urnamque secutus. fortia facta modis, Ov. Trist. ii. 164. You may write an Argonautica. How the boy Hylas, when he left the Argo to draw water from the river Ascanius (which flows into the Cianus Sinus, a bay of the Propontis), lost his pitcher, and when he stooped to recover it was drawn under by the river nymphs, and how he was sought for by Hercules, is told by Theocr. Id. xiii., Prop. i. 20. 165. hic stilus haud petet ultro Quenquam animantum, et me veluti custodiet ensis Vagina tectus, Hor. S. ii. 1. 39 sq. Lucil.] Supr. 20 n. 166. On the remorse of a guilty conscience, see xiii. 192 sq. rub.] So Plut. of the effect of a stern rebukeἀκούειν ἱδρῶτος καὶ ἰλίγγου μεστόν, αἰσχύνῃ φλεγόμενον Tη чux, de Rat. Aud. 46 D: quod præcipuis mentem sudoribus urget, infr. xiii. 220. 168. Hinc illæ lacrimæ, Ter. And. i. 1. 99. 169. ant. tub.] Cur ante tubam tremor occupat artus? Virg. Æn. xi. 424; the metaphor is still kept up from v. 165, ensis. Galeatum] when in sight of the enemy. Jamque quum procul hostis 165 170 conspici posset, milites in campo jubet galeari, et ad pugnam parari, Hirt. Bell. Afr. 12 § 3. 170. Since it is so hazardous to meddle with the living, exp. &c. 171. Flam.] supr. 61 n. Lat.] monumenta Latinæ, v. 55 n. The great roads leading out of Rome were for miles lined with sepulchres, viii. 146; that of the Scipios on the Appian road is still shown (v. Cic. Tusc. i § 13); so also at Pompeii, there is a Street of Tombs. On the Flaminian road Paris the actor was buried-Quisquis Flaminiam teris viator, Noli nobile præterire marmor. Urbis deliciæ, salesque Nili. ... Hoc sunt condita quo Paris sepulchro, Mart. xi. 13: Hoc sub marmore Glaucias humatus Juncto Flaminiæ jacet sepulchro, id. vi. 28. 4, 5: tu qui via Flaminia transis, resta ac relege (inscription on a tomb, Orell. 4836: cf 4370, where there is also mention of a tomb on this road). On the Latin road Domitian was buried (Suet. Dom. 17); and others, mentioned in inscriptions (Orell. 4353 and ap. Pitisc. S. v. Sepulchrum, p. 759 b). Cf. dis Manibus illic Marmora secta lego, quacunque Latina vetustos Custodit cineres, densisque Salaria bustis, Prudent. c. Symm. i. 403 sq. The regulation that the dead should be buried without the city was as old as the xii. tables : "Hominem mortuum in urbe ne sepelito neve urito," Cic. Leg. ii § 58; in the most ancient times the practice had been: 66 ubicunque quis fuisset exstinctus, ad domum suam referebatur; et illic vii. erat diebus; octavo incendebatur; nono sepeliebatur," Serv. En. v. 64. The law of the xii. tables was confirmed by a senatus consultum ne quis in urbe sepeliretur," B.C. 206, Serv. Æn. xi. 206. The Vestal Virgins, however (Serv. 1. 1.) Publicola, Tubertus, and their descendants, before the date of the xii. tables, and at a later period C. Fabricius and other citizens of rare merit (Cic. 1. 1.), and finally the Emperors (Serv. 1. 1.), were exceptions to this law. A bone of the body of those who had triumphed might be buried within the walls (Plut. Qu. Rom. 79, who adds, that the privilege was so invidious that the descendants of Publicola and Fabricius were burnt in the forum in order to assert the right, : but afterwards their ashes buried without the walls). Under the empire the law was often enforced with new sanctions. Thus by a rescript of Hadrian, those who buried the dead within the city were sentenced, as was also the magistrate who suffered it, to pay forty aurei to the fiscus the place of burial was forfeited, and the ashes removed, Dig. xlvii. 12. 3 § 5: Antoninus Pius "intra urbes sepeliri mortuos vetuit," Jul. Capit. Anton. 12: Diocletian and Maximian, A.D. 290, declared "mortuorum reliquias, ne sanctum municipiorum jus polluatur, intra civitatem condi jam pridem vetitum est" (Cod. iii. 44. 12), where one reason is assigned for the prohibition, viz. religious scruple: so Paullus, Sentent. i. 21 § 2 (ne sacra civitatis funestentur), and so was it at Athens, Cic. Fam. iv. 12 § 9: it was further advisable as a precaution against infection, Isid. Orig. xv. 11 § 1; and, lastly, "vel propter ignis periculum," Cic. Leg. ii § 58. For the Greek custom, see Thuc. v. 11. |