FISHERIES. Whale and Seal Fisheries, in the Greenland and South Seas. The expence of Outfit, Seamen's Wages, Provisions, Wear and Tear of Ships, Lasurauce, &c. valued at about 10 per cent. namely 269,5517 taken from 869,5517. the real value of the imports of Oil and Whale Fins as per Financial Accounts for 1812, leaves..... ...... British and Irish Fisheries, round the Coast of Great Britain and Ireland, com- BANKS. Banker's Profits, including the Chartered Banks of England, Scotland, and Ireland, arising from dealing in Money and Government Securities for the accommodation of Persons engaged in Agricultural pursuits, Manufactures, Foreign Commerce and Shipping, Inland Trade, Coasting Trade, Fisheries, and Foreign Income, inasmuch as all Bankers participate in the Profits derived from the abovementioned seven sources, which have been considered in estimating the Property created under these different heads about....... FOREIGN INCOME. Remittances.-Compri-ing Remittances of Fortunes from the East Indies and other Foreign Parts, and the Produce of Estates in the West Indies for the support of Proprietors and other Persons residing in Great Britain and Ireland, about 600,000 1,000,000 500,000 £2,100,000 3,500,060 5,000,000 FISHERIES (exclusive of the Colonial Fisheries of Newfoundland) 2,100,000 BANKS, viz. Chartered Banks and private Banking Establishments 3,500,000 5,000,000 TRAVELS IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES OF EU- sonal adventures; while the work of a man of letters, who from circumstances enjoyed the confidence of officers engaged in that memorable enterprize, must be enriched with a thousand gratifying particulars, and become a most valuable historical record to present and future generations. This advantage attended Dr. Clarke. Beside the respectability of his own character and that of his fellow travellers, he was fortunate in having a brother, a Captain in the British Navy, to whose attention and information, he owed much, to his introduction and recommendation much more. In fact, though various histories of the Expedition to Egypt have tive can be formed without reference to certain chapters in the volume before us. The travels of an intelligent Virtuoso of the present day, can scarcely avoid comprising an interesting mixture of information, partly derived from intercourse with the dead, partly from conversation with the living. Intent on studying antiquities, he rambles, not heedlessly or blindly, where their existence, is probable, with the full deter-been published, yet no complete narramination of his soul, to explore whatever seems to promise further discoveries. Such have been the animating Egypt and Greece, from the force of causes which supported as well Sandys, our earliest associations, most interestPococke, Shaw, and others of our couu- ing countries, form the contents of this trymen, as Le Bruyn, Norden, Niebuhr, section; and we ardently attend our traand many other ingenious and learned veller in regions once resounding with foreigners, under all the inconveniencies the busy hum of men, now silent, deof long exile from home, change of cli-serted, and undistinguished, or the seat mate, and manner of living ;-amidst of violence and barbarity assuming the all the ferocities of nations, wild as hauteur of Religious Sanctity; and of their desarts, or the still more dangerous Government-the very ne plus ultra ! professions and protections of infuriated The volume opens with the voyage of fanatics, and partially reclaimed barba- Dr. C. from Syria to Egypt; his pasrians. Not less impelled by Antiquarian sage up the Nile to Grand Cairo, follows, lure, Dr. Clarke has traced a variety of with his examinations and speculations sites, where anciently stood populous on the Pyramids, and their destination: and well-defended towns, now lost even his return to Rosetta and Alexandria, to report: he has examined tombs, tem- (where his exertions in recovering from ples, and public edifices, many of them the French the Egyptian trophies they hitherto concealed from the learned; intended to have smuggled off, has laid and he has thrown light on a number of his country under lasting obligations) particulars, over which the veil of mys--thence to Patmos, to Athens, to Artery had been drawn by the irresistible gos, and various towns in the Peloponhand of time. Equally fortunate in the nessus; to Corinth, to Eleusis, and again period of his travels, he interweaves the to Athens. In almost all these districts history of events never to be forgotten something recovered from the dead siby Britons; and though not himself a lence of ages, rewards the diligence of military man, yet he writes of British the antiquarian; and gratifies the man triumphs, and contributes with distin- superior to superstition and priestcraft. guished zeal, to render them more complete, more conspicuous. A traveller of moderate talents and learning, led to visit the land of the Pharaohs and the Ptolemies, while it was the scene of contest between the French invaders and the English sent to expel them, could scarcely fail of combining a national interest with his per But of all the rewards bestowed by consenting Fate on mortals who courted her favour by dint of Antiquarian research, none can equal those which are now the property of the British nation. In securing them for the public of his country, Dr. C. had an ample share. Never before was an invading army directed, as the French were di The unwillingness of Menou to resign a y antiquities, gave time to our traveller to arrive before Alexandria, Sept. 10, and to report on those of the greatest curiosity, but very little known. The British General, accordingly, commissioned D. C. to enter Alexandria, in his name, and to search as his intelligence directed him, for the objects of his pursuit. He found the city in the greatest distress for want of provisions: many of the inhabitants had not tasted bread or meat for several months. The Imperial Consul, with his family, had lived on bad rice and onions. Their fallen cheeks, their clothes hanging loose about them, their general appearance bespoke their rected, to avail itself of its power to collect articles for a National Museum : the acquisition of works, the labours of ages past, pillaged from their present possessors, never before so deeply entered into the calculation of sovereigns, who ventured navies and armies of no common magnitude, in distant conquests. The intention of the French Rulers to attract whatever is admirable to Paris, was disappointed; and the spoils collected by their troops contributed, to distinguish more intensely the lustre of the British arms, to which they were reluctantly surrendered. They become the theme of British story, and our posterity may listen to the tale, of which they will long be the subjects-wretchedness and dejection. When told for these Nelson fought for these Abercrombie died: these were wrested from the invaders of Egypt, under Buonaparte;-and the expulsion of his legions demonstrated the superior prowess of our British ancestry of that day. Being now preserved in the British Museum, it is proper their history should be known, and especially by the visitors of that National Institution: and for this reason, but not without a view to the versatile peculiarities of French principles, and the steadiness of British perseverance, we select Dr. C's. account of his negociation for these important antiquities: it will form the substance of the present article. that some days would elapse before the English entered Alexandria, they burst into tears. Menou had seized all specie, plate, merchandize, and food. We transcribe Dr. C's. interesting narrative. We had scarcely reached the house in which we were to reside, when a party of the merchants, who had heard of our arrival from the Imperial Consul, came to congratulate us upon the successes of our army, and to offer any, assistance in their power, for expediting the entry of the waited until the room was cleared of other English into Alexandria. Some of these visitants, brought by curiosity, before whom they did not think proper to make further communication. But when they Our Traveller was at Cairo, August were gone, speaking with circumspection, 31, 1801, when news arrived that Ge- and in a low voice, they asked if our busineral Menou in Alexandria had offered ness in Alexandria related to the subject of terms of capitulation. As it was nacontention between Lord Hutchinson and tural to suppose that the antiquities colMenou; namely, the Antiquities collected lected by the French would be claimed by the French in Egypt? Upon being answered in the affirmative, and, in proof of by the British, yet that the information it, the copy of the Rosetta Stone being propossessed by the British General could duced, the principal person among them not but be defective, this intelligence said, "Does your Commander-in-chief produced the instant return of Dr. C. know that they have the Tomb of Alexanand his friends, down the Nile, with all der?" We desired them to describe it: the intelligence they could obtain. The upon which they said, that it was of one famous stone found at Rosetta, exhibit- entire and beautiful green stone, shaped like ing an inscription in three languages, Athanasius; that, among the inhabitants, a cistern, and taken from the mosque of St. the Greek, the Egyptian, and the Die-this cistern had always borne the appellaroglyphic,-the most valuable Soros, described by this gentlemen as the coffin of Alexander the Great, with others concealed by French ingenuity and perfidy,--would, in all probability, remain French, or become English, as his arrival was sooner or later. tion of Alexander's Tomb. Upon further conversation, it was evident that this could be no other than the identical monument to which our instructions from Cairo re ferred. We produced the confidential letter entrusted to us upon this subject. The person to whom it was written was not In the forenoon of this day, the author waited upon General Menou, requesting a passport, that might enable him to pass and repass the outer gate, to and from the British camp; and at the same time made application for permission to copy the Inscription upon the Rosetta Tablet, which was still carefully concealed. One of the Aid-de-Camps conducted him into a small tent, pitched in a spacious area, or square, near the inner gates of Alexandria, where the parade of the garrison was daily held. this tent, small as it was, had been separated into two parts by a curtain, behind which Menou had his Charem; giving oudience in the outer part, near to the entrance, where there was hardly room enough to stand upright. Having waited some time, during which women's voices were heard in conversation Lehind the partition, the curtain was suddenly raised, and Jaques Abd'allah made his appearance. A more grotesque figure can hardly be conceived. He wore a flower embroidered present; but they offered to conduct us to his house. We had hitherto carefully concealed the circumstance of its being in our possession; and, for obvious reasons, we shall not mention, even now, the name of the individual to whom it was addressed. "It relates then," said they, "to the particular object of our present visit; and we will put it in your power to get possession of it." They then related the unjustifiable measures used for its removal by the French, upon whom they bestowed every degrading epithet which their indignation could suggest; telling us also the veneration in which the Mahometans had always held it, and the tradition familiar to all of them respecting its origin. Indeed this had been so long established, that one wonders it had been so little noticed among the enlightened seminaries of Europe. Leo Africanus, long subsequent to the conquest of Alexandria by the Saracens, had recorded the tradition; and Freinshemius, in his Supplement to Livy, had admitted the authority of Leo. That it shou'd par-waistcoat, with flaps almost to his knees, ticularly excite the attention of Frenchmen is easily explained. Their own countryman, Rollin, had directed their regard towards it, by countenancing the opinion and testimony of Freinshemius. So eager were they to obtain it, that the most solemn treaty was infringed, whereby they had guaranteed to the Mos'ems the inviola-Monsieur Clarke?" Having explained the ble possession of their sanctuaries. The Mosque of St. Athanasius was forcibly entered by a party of their pioneers, with battle-axes and hammers; and the "Tomb of Iscander, founder of the city," was borne away, amidst the howling and lamentation of its votaries. and a cont covered with broad lace. Elevating his whiskered face and double chin, in order to give all imaginable pomp and dignity to his squat corpulent figure, which covered with finery much resembled that of a mountebank, he demanded, in an imperious tone of voice, “Que souhait-t-il, cause of the visit, as far as it related to the passport, and being directed to apply for this to Rene, General of Brigade, the author ventured to introduce the subject of the Rosetta Stone; stating, that he was about to return to Lord Hutchinson, and wished to obey the orders he had received from We then visited the person to whom our his Lordship, for copying the Inscription. letter from Cairo had been addressed, res- At the very mention of this Stone, Menou pecting the communication to be made gave vent to his rage; and, ready to burst upon our arrival; and found that every in- with choler, exclaimed, "You may tell formation had been anticipated by the in- your Commander-in-chief he has as much telligence we had already received, except-right to make this demand as a highwayman ing that which related to the place where this valuable relique was now deposited. This, however, they readily gave us. We were told that it was in the hold of an hospital ship, name La Cause, in the inner harbour; and being provided with a boat, we there found it, haif filled with filth, and covered with rags of the sick people on board. It proved to be an immeuse monohithal Sarcophagus, or, according to the name borrowed by the Greeks from the antient language of Egypt, a Soros; converted, in ages long posterior to its formation, into a cistern, according to a custom which has been universal in the East, wherever such receptacles for the dead have been discovered. has to ask for my purse! He has a cannon known at the same time all that had trans- | only persons present, to take possession of pired concerning the Sarcophagus from the it. The officer appointed to deliver it reMosque of St. Athanasius, together with commended its speedy conveyance to some the intelligence which had been obtained place of safety, as he could not be auswerwith regard to the other antiquities. To able for the conduct of the French soldiers, Menou's note his Lordship disdained to if it were suffered to remain exposed to make any reply; transmitting only a ver- their indignation. We made this circumbal message, cautioning him to beware of stance known to Lord Hutchinson, who sending any more messages or letters to gave orders for its immediate removal; and him, but to obey the conditions proposed it was given in charge to General Turner, for the surrender of Alexandria, upon pain under whose direction all the monuments of having not only his own baggage, but of Egyptian antiquity, resigned to us by that of officers of the French army, sub- the articles of the capitulation, were aftermitted to an examination. All the anti-wards conveyed to England. quities, without reservation, were to be delivered to the English; and to this de mand was added an order for the collection of specimens belonging to Natural History, and whatsoever other literary acquisition had been made in Egypt for the French nation. His Lordship directed that the most diligent enquiry should be made concerning every thing of this nature. This is a fair specimen of French rapacity. By what right had Menou deprived the inhabitants of Alexandria of their venerated Sarcophagus? By that of conquest. But when the same right becomes his disadvantages, he complains of hard usage! When did he or his army respect property, public or pricute? After all, a great number of antiquities were concealed by the French Officers, who had them in charge; and especially by the corps of Savans, who were allowed by their conquerors to take with them their drawings, notes, dissertations, and reports; in short, whatever it was thought, they who had obtained them, could publish to the world with advantages superior to what were in the power of the captors. So jealous were the French that no infor Saturday, September the twelfth. This day the flesh of horses, asses, and camels, sold, in the market, at a price nearly equivalent to half a guinea of our money, for a single rotolu, equal to about a pound and a quarter. Mr. Hamilton went with us to the French head-quarters, and undertook to mention to Menou the result of our visit to Lord Hutchinson. We remained near the outside of the tent; and soon heard the French General's voice, elevated as usual, and in strong terms of indignation remonstrating against the injustice of the demands made upon him. The words "Jamais on n'a pillé le monde !" diverted us highly, as coming from a leader of plunder and de-mation on the place where, and the vastation. He threatened to publish an account of the transaction in all the Gazettes of Europe; and, as Mr. Hamilton withdrew, we heard him vociferate a menace of meeting Lord Hutchinson in single combat-" Ñous nous cerrons, de bien pres-de bien pres, je vous assure!" However, Colonel, now General, Turner, who had arrived also in Alexandria, with orders from our Commander-in-chief respecting the surrender of the Autiquities, soon brought this matter to a conclusion. The different forts were now occupied by our army; and the condition of the garrison was such, that Menou did not deem it prudent to resist any longer: he reluctantly submitted to the loss of his literary trophies. The Rosetta Tablet was taken from a warehouse, covered with mats, where it had been deposited with Menou's baggage; and it was surrendered to us, by a French officer and Member of the Institute, in the streets of Alexandria; Mr. Cripps, Mr. Hamilton, and the author, being the time when, several important curiosities were discovered. They declined giving any information to Dr. C. even on subjects which did not compromise them with their Government. A part of their labours have been published in a pompous folio, of plates, &c. It is well known that the Antiquities collected by our Author, on his own per sonal account, form a collection in the University of Cambridge: some of them he acquired by purchase from peasants or dealers, others he obtained by digging, and particularly in places where wells had anciently flowed. But of the skilful management by which he obtained one of his principal acquisitions, a stano small pomp and popularity, he gives tue once venerated, and worshipped with the following account. It refers to a Colossal figure of Ceres, at Eleusis: diflicult to manage, from its weight; more |