The Way and the Word: Science and Medicine in Early China and GreeceYale University Press, 1 gen 2002 - 348 pagine The rich civilizations of ancient China and Greece built sciences of comparable sophistication--each based on different foundations of concept, method, and organization. In this engrossing book, two world-renowned scholars compare the cosmology, science, and medicine of China and Greece between 400 B.C. and A.D. 200, casting new light not only on the two civilizations but also on the evolving character of science. Sir Geoffrey Lloyd and Nathan Sivin investigate the differences between the thinkers in the two civilizations: what motivated them, how they understood the cosmos and the human body, how they were educated, how they made a living, and whom they argued with and why. The authors' new method integrally compares social, political, and intellectual patterns and connections, demonstrating how all affected and were affected by ideas about cosmology and the physical world. They relate conceptual differences in China and Greece to the diverse ways that intellectuals in the two civilizations earned their living, interacted with fellow inquirers, and were involved with structures of authority. By A.D. 200 the distinctive scientific strengths of both China and Greece showed equal potential for theory and practice. Lloyd and Sivin argue that modern science evolved not out of the Greek tradition alone but from the strengths of China, Greece, India, Islam, and other civilizations, which converged first in the Muslim world and then in Renaissance Europe. |
Sommario
Aims and Methods | 1 |
What Is Ancient Science? | 4 |
What Is Comparable? | 6 |
Methods | 9 |
Historical Setting | 11 |
The Social and Institutional Framework of the Chinese Sciences | 16 |
Origins of Scientists and Physicians | 22 |
Employment and Patronage | 27 |
The Aims of Inquiry | 189 |
The World That Concepts Describe | 193 |
Appearance versus Reality | 203 |
Macrocosm and Microcosms | 214 |
The Concepts of the Sciences | 226 |
Conclusions | 234 |
Chinese and Greek Sciences Compared | 239 |
Concepts | 240 |
Individuals Groups Education Transmission | 42 |
Arguments Books Commentaries Memorials | 61 |
The Social Nexus of the Sciences | 79 |
The Social and Institutional Framework of Greek Science | 82 |
Individuals Groups Sects Orthodoxies | 104 |
Debates Lectures Dialogues Treatises Commentaries | 118 |
The Fundamental Issues of Greek Science | 140 |
Why Elements Why Nature Why Reality versus Appearances? | 142 |
Causes | 158 |
Mathematical and Physical Explanations | 165 |
Gumptions and Debates | 174 |
Conclusions | 183 |
The Fundamental Issues of the Chinese Sciences | 188 |
Livelihood | 242 |
Applications of Cosmology and Science | 243 |
Pluralism and Deviance | 244 |
Public and Private Spheres | 246 |
Consensus and Disagreement | 247 |
Persuasion | 249 |
The Way and the Word | 250 |
Evolution of the Chinese Cosmological Synthesis | 253 |
Chronology of Historical Events | 273 |
Notes | 279 |
Bibliography | 299 |
Index and Glossary | 329 |
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The Way and the Word: Science and Medicine in Early China and Greece Geoffrey Ernest Richard Lloyd,Nathan Sivin Anteprima non disponibile - 2002 |
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