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NOTE.

THIS edition of the 1st book of Livy has been prepared especially for the use of those who, in connection with the careful study of some part of Livy, wish another part for more rapid reading. The book lends itself readily to such a purpose. The subject is interesting, the incidents varied and picturesque, and few passages offer unusual grammatical difficulties. To aid in the reading, the notes have been placed at the foot of the page. All critical matter has been omitted from them, as also have been all longer explanations, except such as occasionally seemed important for clearness of understanding. They contain more than the mere translation of words and phrases, but not, it is hoped, more than is necessary for an intelligent though rapid reading of the book. The long syllables have been marked to aid in the pronunciation of the Latin. The text is that of the second edition of Dr. Moritz Müller.

As the object of this edition is to supply a part of Livy for rapid reading, it is bound up with the 21st and 22d books. It is also issued separately for use with any other part of Livy or with another author.

To the student who wishes to examine the historical problems connected with the period, the following works are suggested for reference: Mommsen's History of Rome, Vol. I.; Niebuhr's History of Rome, Vols. I., II.; Ihne's History of Rome, Vol. I.; Dyer's History of the Kings of Rome; Sir G. C. Lewis's On the Credibility of Early Roman History; and J. R. Seeley's Livy, Bks. i.-x., Introduction.

My thanks are due to Professor E. M. Pease, the editor-inchief of the series, for valuable suggestions and for care in reading the proof.

DARTMOUTH COLLEGE, October, 1896.

JOHN K. LORD.

TITI LIVI

AB URBE CONDITA LIBRI

PRAEFATIO.

Facturusne operae pretium sim, sī ā prīmōrdiō urbis rēs populi Romānī perscripserim, nec satis sciō, nec, sī sciam, dicere ausim, quippe qui cum veterem 2 tum vulgatam esse rem videam, dum novi semper scriptōrēs aut in rebus certius aliquid adlātūrōs sē aut scribendi arte rudem vetustatem superātūrōs crēdunt. Utcumque erit, iuvābit tamen rerum gestārum 3 memoriae principis terrarum populī prō virīlī parte et ipsum consuluisse; et si in tantā scriptōrum turbā mea fama in obscuro sit, nobilitāte ac magnitudine eōrum mē, qui nomini officient meō, consōler. Res 4 est praeterea et immēnsī operis, ut quae suprā septingentēsimum annum repetātur, et quae ab exiguīs profecta initiis eō crēverit, ut iam māgnitūdine labōret sua; et legentium plerisque haud dubitō quin primae

1-5. Difficulty and purpose of the work; 6-9. legendary character of early history; 10-13. value of historical study and writer's hope of

success.

1. Facturusne. . . sim: whether I shall make it worth the while of myself and my readers in writing the early history of Rome. The words form part of a hexameter. 2. dum: because. - certius a.: greater exactness. 3. memoriae: dat. with consuluisse. - prō v. p.: to the best of my ability. — et ip.: as well as others. -in ob.: obscured. 4. et i. the et corresponds with the et before legentium, but the construction changes. —ut q.: because. — legentium: readers; participle

originēs proximaque orīginibus minus praebitūra voluptatis sint festinantibus ad haec nova, quibus iam pridem praevalentis populī vīrēs sē ipsae conficiunt; 5 ego contra hoc quoque labōris praemium petam, ut mē ā cōnspectū malōrum quae nostra tot per annōs vīdit aetās, tantisper certē dum prīsca tōtā illa mente repetō, āvertam, omnis expers curae, quae scribentis animum etsi non flectere ā vērō, sollicitum tamen efficere posset.

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Quae ante conditam condendam ve urbem poēticīs magis decōra fabulis quam incorruptīs rerum gestarum monumentis trāduntur, ea nec adfīrmāre nec 7 refellere in animō est. Datur haec venia antīquitātī, ut miscendō hūmāna dīvīnīs prīmōrdia urbium augustiōra faciat; et si cui populo licere oportet consecrāre orīginēs suas et ad deōs referre auctōrēs, ea belli glōria est populō Rōmānō, ut, cum suum conditōrisque sui parentem Mārtem potissimum ferat, tam et hōc gentēs humanae patiantur aequo animo quam impe8 rium patiuntur. Sed haec et his similia, utcumque animadversa aut existimata erunt, haud in magnō 9 equidem pōnam discrimine; ad illa mihi prō sẽ quisque acriter intendat animum, quae vita, qui mōres fuerint, per quos viros quibusque artibus domi militiaeque et partum et auctum imperium sit; labente

for noun.haec n.: the civil wars, in distinction from prisca illa, in which L. takes greater pleasure. 6. conditam condendamve: the actual or prospective founding: the gerundive with ante is not often used as a substitute for a verbal noun. 7. si . . . oportet: if any people ought to be allowed; cui is emphatic. — auctōrēs: appositive of deos. - potissumum: adv. in preference to any other. - ferat: represents. -et: even. 8. haec myths and traditions, in distinction from illa, the lessons of history. 9. mihi: ethical dat. -lābente : forms with desidentēs, lāpsī sint and īre praecipitēs a climax, failing,

deinde paulatim disciplīnā velut desidentēs prīmō mōrēs sequatur animo, deinde ut magis magisque lāpsi sint, tum īre coeperint praecipites, donec ad haec tempora, quibus nec vitia nostra nec remedia patī possumus, perventum est. Hoc illud est praeci- 10 pue in cognitiōne rerum salubre ac frugiferum, omnis tē exempli documenta in inlustrī posita monumentō intuērī; inde tibi tuaeque reī publicae quod imitēre capias, inde foedum inceptu, foedum exitu, quod vītēs. Cēterum aut mē amor negōtiī susceptī fallit, aut nulla 11 umquam rēs publica nec maior nec sanctior nec bonis exemplis ditior fuit, nec in quam cīvitātem tam sērae avaritia luxuriaque immigraverint, nec ubi tantus ac tam diu paupertātī ac parsimōniae honōs fuerit; adeō quantō rerum minus, tanto minus cupiditatis erat. Nuper dīvitiae avaritiam et abundantēs voluptātēs 12 dēsīderium per luxum atque libīdinem pereundī perdendique omnia invexere. Sed querellae, në tum quidem grātae futurae, cum forsitan necessariae erunt, ab initio certē tantae ōrdiendae rei absint; cum bonis 13 potius ōminibus võtisque et precationibus deōrum deārumque, sī, ut poētīs, nōbīs quoque mos esset, libentius inciperēmus, ut ōrsīs tantum operis successus prosperōs darent.

settling (as it were), falling and coming down with a crash. — disciplīnā tone of morality. 11. Ceterum: for sed.-cīvitātem: attraction.-adeō: so true it is that; often in L. of a general ground. 12. certē at least. 13. potius: much rather.-ōrsis: the beginning, undertaking.

TITI LIVI AB URBE CONDITA

LIBER I.

1. Iam prīmum omnium satis constat Trōia captā in cēterōs saevītum esse Trōiānōs; duōbus, Aenēae Antenorique, et vetusti iure hospitii et quia pacis reddendaeque Helenae semper auctōrēs fuērunt, omne 2 ius belli Achīvōs abstinuisse. Casibus deinde variis Antenorem cum multitudine Enetum, qui sēditiōne ex Paphlagonia pulsī et sēdēs et ducem rege Pylaemene ad Trōiam āmissō quaerebant, vēnisse in inti3 mum Hadriatici maris sinum; Euganeisque, qui inter mare Alpesque incolebant, pulsīs Enetōs Trōiānōsque eas tenuisse terras. Et in quem primum ēgressi sunt locum Troia vocatur, pāgōque inde Trōiānō nōmen 4 est; gēns universa Venetī appellātī. Aeneam ab simili clade domō profugum, sed ad māiōra rērum initia ducentibus fātīs prīmō in Macedoniam venisse,

1. The scattering of the Trojans and arrival of Aeneas in Italy. 1. Iam . . . omnium: to begin with. - satis constat: L. means that this is the settled tradition, not historic fact. - duōbus: dat. com. with abstinuisse. 2. Casibus . . . v.: from this point their fortunes diverged. Enetum: Homer, Il. 2. 852, makes the Eneti of Paphlagonia the allies of the Trojans; the transfer to Veneti under a Trojan leader is natural. 3. locum: see praef. § 11. 4. mãiōra: hypallage for maiórum.

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