LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

ABBREVIATIONS

IN THE TEXT

Cicero. Bust in the Museum at Madrid. Bernouilli.

Allegorical statue of the Tiber (showing also Romulus and Remus

with the wolf). In the Louvre, Paris. Brunn.

Bust in the Vatican (Museo Chiaramonti). Un

Jupiter. Bust in the Vatican. Photograph

Bust in the Villa Albani, Rome. Visconti..

View of Messina (Messana). Med. Illust.

PAGE

Coin of Syracuse. Obverse: head of Persephone. Reverse: victor
in quadriga. Head.
Coin of Hiero II. Obverse head of Hiero with diadem. Reverse :
Nike (Victory) in quadriga. Head.

M. Claudius Marcellus. From coins (somewhat enlarged). Bernouilli.
Cathedral of Syracuse, formerly Temple of Minerva. Med. Illust.
Sappho. Villa Albani, Rome. Uncertain.
The Quarries at Syracuse (Dionysius' Ear).
Coin of the Mamertini.

Brunn u. Arndt.
Photograph..

Obverse: head of Ares (Mars). Reverse: eagle on thunderbolt. Poole.

Coin of Rhegium. Obverse: lion's scalp. Reverse: sitting male figure. Poole.

49

50

Pompey. Bust in the Vatican (Museo Chiaramonti). Uncertain.
Photograph.

66

Fanaraky d'Europe (entrance to the Black Sea by the Bosporus).
Laurens, Voyage en Turquie.

Mithridates VI. (from a coin). Head.

Tigranes, King of Armenia (from a coin). Head.
Site of Corinth (Acrocorinthus in background).
Grèce.

Stackelberg, La

Antiochus III., King of Syria (from a coin). Head..
Philip V., King of Macedonia (from a coin). Head..
View of Mt. Argæus in Cappadocia. Texier, Asie Mineure. .
Lucullus. Bust in the Hermitage, St. Petersburg. Identification un-
certain (see Arch. Zeit., N. F., XXIII, 9 ff.). D'Escamps. .
View near Cape Misenum. Med. Illust.
Ruins of the Port of Ostia. Photograph.
View in Pamphylia (Port of Adalia).
Pamphylie et de la Pisidie.

Galley. From the Præneste relief.

Coin of Rhodes. Obverse: head of Helios (perhaps from the Colossus).

82

85

Reverse: rose. Head.

90

Coin of Perseus (Perses). Head.

91

Roman sacrificial procession. Relief in the Galleria degli Uffizi, Flor

ence. Brunn.

98

Ruins of the Temple of Jupiter Stator. Photograph.

I12

The Mulvian Bridge. Photograph..

128

L. Cornelius Lentulus. Bust in the Museum at Naples. Very uncertain. Photograph.

131

Marcus Aurelius sacrificing in front of the Temple of Jupiter Capitoli

Roman Sacrificial Procession. Relief in the Galleria degli Uffizi,
Florence. Brunn..

Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus at Rome (restored). Hittorff, Architec-
ture antique de la Sicile.

Ruins of the House of the Vestals. Photograph..

138

140

Church of S. Maria in Aracœli (site of the Roman Arx). Photograph. 150
P. Scipio Africanus. Photograph.
Muses with Homer and Socrates. Ancient sarcophagus in the Louvre.
De Clarac..

. 152

I 54

. 157 163

Coin of Heraclia. Obverse head of Nike (Victory). Reverse:
Hercules seated.

Head..

C. Marius. Impression of a coin. Visconti.
Alexander the Great, represented as the god Ammon (hence the
horns). From a coin, enlarged. Imhoof-Blumer, Porträtköpfe. . 164
View on the Appian Way. Photograph. . .

Coin of L. Opimius.

Obverse head of Jupiter. Reverse: prow of

174

galley. Cohen. Pallas' casting vote. The order of the figures (beginning at the left) is: Orestes, a Fury, Pallas (voting for acquittal), Erigone (the accuser). On the pillar is a sun-dial. Relief on a silver vessel found in the harbor of Antium. Overbeck, Bildwerke zum thebischen u. troischen Heldenkreis. . .

Coin of M. Lepidus and C. Cæsar Octavianus (afterwards Augustus), as triumvirs. Cohen.

View on the Appian Way. Photograph.

Aristogeiton. Statue in the Naples Museum. Brunn.
C. Julius Cæsar. Bust in the Louvre. Photograph.

The Piræus (restored) with the Long Walls. von Falke.
Site of Carthage. Montpensier, Voyage en l'Orient. .
Mark Antony. Bust in the Vatican. Uncertain. Photograph..
Siege. Trajan's Column at Rome. Brunn.

175

Octavianus. Bust in the Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence. Brunn u.

Coin of Pansa. (The head is that of Pan, in punning allusion to the family name). Cohen.

FIG.

IN THE NOTES

I.

2.

Cisium.

Rich's Dictionary.

Coin of Faustus Sulla. Obverse: head of Diana Tifatina.
Reverse: L. Sulla, seated; Bocchus, King of Mauritania, de-
livers to him Jugurtha as a captive; inscription FELIX (sur-
name assumed by Sulla).

3. Arch of Gallienus at Rome.
4. Victory writing on a tablet.

5. Q. Hortensius the orator.

Visconti. Photograph.

Column of Trajan at Rome.
Bust in the Villa Albani, Rome.

Front view (for side view, see text, p. 40).

6. Plan of Syracuse..

7. View of modern Syracuse..

8.

Brunn.

Visconti.

Photograph.

Coin of Agathocles, King of Syracuse. Obverse: head of Persephone. Reverse: Nike (Victory) setting up a trophy. Head. 9. Bronze door of the Cathedral at Pisa (twelfth century work). Rohault de Fleury, Monuments de Pise. Head of Medusa. Marble mask in the Glyptothek at Munich. Brunn. Doors of Temple of Romulus, with bullae.. T. Quinctius Flamininus. From a coin. .

Cohen.

15. Coin of Sex. Pompey. Obverse: pharos of Messana. Reverse:

Scylla.

16. View of Palermo (Panhormus).

17.

Photograph.

Coin of Porcius Læca commemorating the Lex Porcia. Obverse:
head of Rome. Reverse: allegorical representation of P.
Porcius protecting an accused citizen.

20. Cappadocian. Bust from Cæsarea; now in the Jakobsen col

Brunn u. Arndt.

23. Coin of Pompey. Allegorical head of Africa..

Cohen.

24. Merchant ship. Ancient relief..

Baumeister.

25. Lictors with rods and axes. From a coin.

Cohen.

26. Coin with heads of Servilius Ahala and M. Junius Brutus.

Visconti.

FIG.

27. Sacrarium (family shrine). From a Pompeian house. Baumeister. 28. Signa militaria. From coins.

29. The Mamertine prison (Tullianum). Section.

Cohen.

Middleton, Remains of Ancient Rome.
Middleton, Remains of Ancient Rome.

30. The same. Plan. .
31. Coin of Sextus Pompey. Obverse: head of Sextus Pompey.
Reverse: heads of Sextus Pompey and Pompey the Great. Cohen.
32. Bust of L. Junius Rusticus (Stoic philosopher of the time of
Domitian), showing a rough "philosophic beard."
33. Statue of an unknown Roman with the toga.
34. Coin of C. Clodius.

Visconti.

Obverse: head of Flora. Reverse: Vestal

Brunn.

Cohen.

with simpulum (sacrificial ladle). 35. Writing implements : atramentarium (for black and red ink); papyrus letter sealed and addressed; tabellae and stilus. Wall painting.

36. Romulus and Remus with the wolf. Museum, Rome.

37. Lectisternium.

Overbeck's Pompeii.

Bronze in the Capitoline

Photograph. Bartoli, Lucerne.

38. Coin of P. Licinius Crassus Junianus. Obverse: head of Jupiter. Reverse balance; cornucopia; curule chair.

39. Pompeian shop (restored).

40. Pian showing the arrangement of Pompeian shops along the

streets.

Cohen.

41. Bronze focus (brazier), from the baths of Pompeii. . . Photograph. 42. Sarcophagus of Scipio Barbatus. With a bust formerly identi

Photograph. 43. Coin of Cato Uticensis. Obverse: head of Liberty. Reverse :

fied with Ennius.

Victory seated.

44. Coin of Q. Cassius.

Obverse: head of Liberty. Reverse (in memory of the condemnation of the Vestals by L. Cassius Longinus, prætor B.C. 113): temple of Vesta, with curule chair, voting urn, juror's ballot marked A (absolvo), and C (condemno).

45. Castor and Pollux. From a Roman coin.

46. L. Domitius Ahenobarbus.

47. Centurion wearing paenula.

48. Voting on a law. From a

From a coin.

Cohen.

Cohen.

Cohen.

Bernouilli.

Ancient relief in the Louvre. De Clarac. coin struck in honor of Cassius

Longinus by one of his descendants. (The Von the tablet

stands for veto.).

49. Figures with tubae. From the Arch of Titus..

Cohen.

Photograph.