to broaden the student's knowledge of himself, deepen his experience, and show him his relation to his work.

1. PROVINCE OF EXPRESSION. Expression in nature and in man. Kinds of Expression. Contrast between fundamentals and accidentals; response of voice and body to mind in expression. 2. ELEMENTS OF EXPRESSION. In nature, life and art.

3. PSYCHOLOGY IN RELATION TO EXPRESSION. Mental action in assimilation contrasted with that in imitation; the necessity of courage, spontaneity, life.

4. METHOD. Logic of reading and speaking. Study and practical application to speaking of the great essays on method.

5. HUMAN NATURE. Dramatic and artistic interpretations of man, philosophy of man and his perfection through training.

V

PROFESSIONAL ATTAINMENT

Thorough training for harmonious development of mind, body and voice is arranged for all students no matter what their profession. Many decide upon a profession too early and without understanding their possibilities. The School aims first to develop the mental and spiritual possibilities of the individual and then endeavors to secure a wise decision as to the life work.

After decision is made, and frequently parallel with the personal training (I-VI), students are arranged in classes according to their professional aims.

Courses in this department prepare graduates of colleges, universities and professional schools, for the pulpit, the bar, the platform, or the teacher's chair, for public reading or for the stage. Graduates of the School are filling prominent positions in all parts of the world and in all departments of life. Many of the ablest professional men and women, even after attaining success, have taken courses at the School. Ninety per cent of the students are preparing for professional life, and of these, ninety-five per cent of the class of 1914 found employment.

I. TEACHERS

I. Teachers of Voice and Speaking

Courses: 1. Principles of Education. 2. Methods of Teaching Vocal Expression. 3. Methods of Teaching Voice. 4. Review of Fundamentals. 5. History of Elocution. 6. History of Pedagogy.

II. Teachers of Literature and English

Courses: 1. Study of literature by contact with the author in practical rendering and by collateral reading courses rather than by mere analysis. 2. Relation of Literature to Vocal Expression. 3. Rhetoric and English necessary to meet the needs of students. 4. Vocal Interpretation of Literature.

Teachers acquire not merely a knowledge of the language and data regarding writers, but literary instinct and imaginative insight.

III. Teachers of Public Schools

Training of the voice to secure ease, health and effectiveness. Development of the pleasanter qualities of voice. Studies of human nature. Naturalness in reading and expression. Articulation. Function of vocal expression in education.

Courses: 1. Voice. 2. Harmonic Gymnastics. 3. Vocal Expression. 4. Studies of Human Nature (Dramatic). 5. Courses for naturalness in speaking and reading. 6. Methods of teaching reading adapted to grade work. 7. Programs of exercises and practical problems for Voice, Body and Mind, adapted to the needs of primary, grammar and high school grades.

IV. Teachers of Physical Gymnastics

Eliza Josephine Harwood, Instructor. (See Special Organic Training Circular.)

A Special Teachers' Course in the (a) Theory and Practice of Gymnastics, embracing Lectures upon General and Special Kinesiology, enabling students to become familiar with the laws and principles which underlie all Organic Training; (b) Methods of Teaching, Supervising, and Organizing; (c) A comparative study of Other Systems; (d) Corrective Exercises for general use in the schoolroom; (e) Games and Plays; (f) Esthetic Dancing, both the theory and practice.

Elective Courses: (a) Fencing; (b) Dancing, both social and æsthetic.

II. PUBLIC READERS

(Teachers' or Readers' Diploma)

"The Art of the Platform," including Public Reading, Impersonations, and all forms of Vocal Interpretation of Literature, demands even greater self-control, more imagination, and a broader culture than Dramatic Stage Art, because it depends not upon scenery or stage accessories for effect, but upon that control of self which produces suggestive modulations of Voice and Body, and skill in accentuating all the expressive values of language. The transitions of character and of passion, the delicate and varied intimations of the creative imagination, call for the finest technical skill. The reader or lecturer occupies the center of attention and must be able to awaken and sustain interest by the simplest means.

Courses: 1. Public Reading as a Fine Art. 2. Vocal Interpretation of Literature. 3. Story-telling in all its forms, from simple after-dinner stories to Dramatic and Epic Narration. 4. The Monologue. 5. Life or Vaudeville Sketches. 6. Impersonation or the Platform Interpretation of the Drama.

Formal and informal recitals, affording practical platform experience with audiences, are given semi-weekly throughout the year, and students are also encouraged to conduct entertainments in and around Boston. Special public recitals during April and May. Students with marked ability for the platform may take this special course in two years. (See Terms, p. 41.)

III. DRAMATIC ARTISTS

(Dramatic Diploma)

The dramatic training of the School is systematic and radical. The dramatic instinct is awakened, the imagination quickened, and the personality of the student unfolded. Modes of pantomimic action, the command of voice modulations, and the ability to enlarge and extend these at will, are so developed as to render the lines with intelligence and passion and to develop power in characterization.

Dramatic rehearsals (burlesque, farce, melodrama, comedy, and tragedy). Courses are given in dramatic action, characterization and the principles of stage business throughout the year.

Courses: 1. Dramatic Thinking. 2. Dramatic Rehearsal. 3. Stage Business. 4. Forms of the Drama. 5. Characterization. 6. Modern Drama. 7. Old Comedies. 8. Poetic Drama. 9. Life Studies. 10. Histrionic Expression. 11. Dramatic Construction. 12. Stage Art.

Candidates for the Dramatic Diploma are required to include the Special Summer Dramatic Term in their regular course. (See March number of "Expression.")

IV. WRITERS

The courses in the School of Expression have been the means of unfolding the creative energies and of developing individuality in style of able writers. Dramatic courses are as helpful to writers of plays as to actors. Style in writing is developed by systematic and progressive stimuli. Laws of writing are deduced from a study of the universal principles of art and are applied to the writing of themes. Rules of rhetoric and grammar related to universal laws are thus relieved of their mechanical tendencies.

V. PUBLIC SPEAKERS

(Public Speakers' Diploma)

Practical courses to develop the power to think when upon the feet and to secure a vocabulary of delivery as well as of words. The student receives practical exercises and studies to awaken a true ideal of oratory. These develop mental power and grasp, logical method and control of feeling, as well as of voice and of body. Laws of expression applied to oratory and style in delivery.

Courses: 1. Conversations. 2. Extemporaneous Speaking. 3. Story-telling. 4. Discussions. 5. Debate. 6. Oratory. 7. Voice. 8. Platform Art.

a. Preachers

The development of the preacher is a peculiarly difficult problem of education. Mere knowledge will not do the work. Mind, voice and body must be thoroughly trained and brought into unity; imagination and feeling must be awakened and spiritual powers realized.

9. Naturalness established to correct mannerisms. 10. Bible Reading. 11. Literary Interpretation of Poetry.

Special classes and work are arranged in both the summer and winter terms. (See Special Circular.)

b. Lawyers

Lawyers have found the courses in the School of Expression of great advantage, and several courses on Saturday afternoons and on certain evenings during the week are arranged for members of the legal profession.

Courses: 1. Extemporaneous Speaking. 2. Voice. 3. Discussions. 4. Methods of Orators. 5. Art of Speaking. 6. Argumentation and Debate. 7. Oratoric Style.

c. Lecturers

Those preparing to become lyceum lecturers and entertainers are recommended to take the courses for Public Speaking and Dramatic Expression. Special courses are adapted to individual needs.

VI

SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS

In addition to the preceding courses prescribed for graduation with different diplomas, special work in class and with individuals is arranged for those who have peculiar difficulties, or are hindered from taking diploma courses. Work in any subject is given when needed, to suit, as far as possible, the convenience of students. Many persons now filling high positions were thus started in their preparation by the School.

I. PREPARATORY COURSES

Preparatory Courses, to make up deficiencies, either for Advanced Standing or for regular requirements:

a. All summer work counts toward regular diploma courses. (See March number of "Expression.”)

b. Special September Preparatory Term opens the first Tuesday in September. (See March number of "Expression.")

c. Four hours on Saturday for students and teachers occupied during the week.

d. Special evening courses. (See Evening Circular.)

II. LABORATORY OF VOICE AND TRAINING

Cases requiring specific work in voice receive expert examination and diagnosis, and special courses of training are arranged for individual cases.

Stammering, Impediments of Speech, Defective Conditions, Pathological Conditions, Sore Throat Caused by Misuse of Voice, Loss of Voice, are laboratory cases.

III. DEPARTMENT OF SONG

For Singers desiring the advantage of School of Expression methods a course has been arranged.

PRIVATE LESSONS, AND COURSES SUITED TO INDIVIDUAL NEEDS.

Arrangements may be made by those desiring to take only individual lessons or special subjects. Also special groups of subjects may be taken. For further particulars apply to

DEPARTMENT OF SONG

SCHOOL OF EXPRESSION