gulae fabulae singulum (singula) complebunt volumen (volumina), ita quidem ut singulo (singulis) qui egeant singulum (singula) emere possint.

Societas, 'a society of men,' is barbarous for sodalitas, coetus, conventus,

circulus, congressio.

Solemnis, usual,' is almost barbarous for usitatus, and solemnitas, solemnity,' is late Latin for solemnia.

Solidus in such phrases as solida doctrina, or eruditio, is not a pro

per substitute for accurata, recondita, subtilis.

Solummodo is late Latin for tantummodo, tantum, solum, modo, dum

taxat, &c.

Somnolentus is late Latin for somniculosus, somno deditus.

Specialis, specialiter, in specie are modern Latin for singularis, praecipuus, proprius; singillatim, separatim, proprie, nominatim.

Speculatio is late Latin for investigatio, contemplatio.

Spicilegium, if used at all, must not be combined with notarum, annotationum, observationum, and we must write in aliquo Scriptore, not in aliquem Scriptorem.

Sponte must be accompanied by mea, tua, sua, and must not be used alone, as is the practice with the best modern Latinists.

Spurius, 'illegitimate,' is late Latin for adulterinus, subditicius, subditus, suppositicius, non verus, non gérmanus, and the like.

Statim atque (ac) is barbarous for statim ut (Cic. ad div. III. 9, § 10). Statua means the statue of man, never that of a god, which is signum, simulacrum.

Stilus does not denote the language in general, which is oratio, or the

particular style of an orator or writer, which is dicendi or scribendi genus (ars); it refers only to the pen and to the art of writing. Consequently Scheller made a mistake in the very title-page of the book by which he promised to teach the art of writing good Latin, when he called it Praecepta stili bene Latini, instead of Praecepta artis Latine scribendi.

Strictura, a stricture,' or 'severe criticism.' (Heyne, Praef. Virg. Tom. 1. p. vii.) is a barbarous substitute for judicium, censura, repre

hensio.

Studere, 'to study,' must be followed by litteris, &c.; studium must not be used in the singular for 'study;' and studio must not be substituted for consulto, dedita or data opera, de industria. Subactum ingenium must not be used except with a distinct reference to the metaphor involved, as in Cic. de Orat. II. 30. As a general epithet exercitatus or cultus is better.

Subaudire, subintelligere, to supply a missing word in the thought,' is

The simple intelligere is

quite an unauthorized modernism.

sufficient.

Subjugare is late Latin for subigere.

Submittere se legibus is barbarous for legibus obtemperare, and submittere se alicui is inadmissible for subjicere se.

Subordinare is new Latin for supponere, subjicere.

Succincte, succinctim is late Latin for breviter, strictim.

Sufficienter, sufficiently,' is late Latin for satis, abunde; likewise sufficiens for quod satis est.

Summa, a sum of money,' is unclassical for pecunia.

Superfluus is unclassical and doubtful for supervacaneus, supervacuus. Superscriptio is a barbarism for titulus, inscriptio.

Supplicatio is new Latin for supplex libellus.

Suspicere aliquem is not an authorized substitute for suspectum habere. Syllabus is a late word for index.

T.

Tellus, the earth,' as an element, is barbarous for terra.

Tempus habere, nullum tempus habere, are barbarous for otium, vacuum tempus alicui esse; otii, vacui temporis nihil habere, otio carere. Tenor, 'the general purport,' is late Latin for argumentum.

Terminus, 'a term,' i. e. 'a word' is barbarous for vocabulum, verbum, vox, and 'a technical term' is not terminus technicus, but artis vocabulum. Nor can terminus be used to signify a prescribed period or time, which is dies data, praefinita, constituta.

Textus, the text of an author,' is not an authorized expression for verba, oratio, locus, but it may be used as a technical term with qui dicitur.

Theoria is modern Latin for ratio, ars, disciplina, doctrina.

Tortura, 'torture,' is late Latin for tormenta.

Tractare de aliqua re for aliquam rem is barbarous; and there is no authority for the use of tractatus, tractatio, in the sense of a treatise on some subject.'

Traductio, 'a translation,' is an unauthorized word for interpretatio. The same may be said of versio; and also of translatio, which in classical Latin means 'a metaphor.' The best word for 'to translate' is reddere, vertere, convertere, exhibere.

Tumultuosus of men is barbarous for turbulentus, seditiosus.

U.

Ubertim is unclassical for abunde, copiose, &c. But uberius and uberrime

are good words.

Ullibi is new Latin for usquam, uspiam; see Nullibi.

Ultimus must not be used to signify the last,' i. e. immediately preceding; thus we must say, e. g. anni decem proximi or superiores, not ultimi.

Uncinus, 'a hook,' is later Latin for uncus.

Undiquaque is barbarous for undique.

Unguiculus, in the proverbial phrase a teneris unguiculis, should not be

used without ut Graeci dicunt (Cic. ad div. 1. 6), ut aiunt, ut dicitur.

Unice must not be used for unus, solus, in the sense 'alone.'

Usque huc is barbarous for usque ad huc.

Utique, by all means,' must not stand by itself in answer to a question; it always requires a verb. This particle is constantly misapplied by modern Latinists.

V.

Vanitas, 'vanity,' 'pride,' is barbarous for ambitio, jactantia, arrogantia, insolentia, &c.

Venia sit dicto occurs in Pliny, but the better phrase is bona venia or pace tua dixerim.

Veracitas is new Latin for veritas, veri studium.

Verbo tenus and de verbo ad verbum are barbarisms for verbum e (de) verbo, ad verbum, totidem verbis, eisdem verbis.

Verisimiliter is late Latin for probabiliter.

Vernacula lingua, vernaculus sermo is a modern application of a classical

term. Varro, L. L. IV. 12, opposes vernacula vocabula to peregrina. Vertere, 'to translate,' is a good word, but not with such adverbs as Latine, Graece, Anglice for in Latinam, &c.

Vice prima, altera, tertia, &c., the first, second, third time, &c.' is modern Latin, and so is the common vice versa for vicissim, and vice iterata for iterum. Some modern Latinists think they are introducing an elegance when they write plus vice simplici for more than once:' which is plus quam semel, semel atque iterum. In the passage of Horace from which they derive this barbarism (4 Carm. XIV. 13) plus vice simplici means 'with more than a simple requital or retirbution,' as the old scholiast Porphyrius explains it: 'Volt intelligi in vastandis his non tantam solum illis cladem intulisse, quantam ipsi dederant, sed duplam, hoc est, eam non simplici vice reddentem,'

Vir must not be used with juvenis, senex, like our 'young man,' 'old

man.'

Visibilis is late Latin for adspectabilis, qui sub oculos, adspectum, cadit.

Visitare, 'to visit,' is not used for convenire, visere, intervisere.

Visus, the sight,' is rare by itself for sensus videndi, acies, visus oculorum.

Vivus, in the phrase ad vivum aliquid or aliquem exprimere, is without

authority for alicujus vivam imaginem exprimere.

Vix adhuc is barbarous for vix dum, vix jam; so also vix aliquis for vix quisquam.

Voluptuosus, 'voluptuous,' is unclassical for voluptarius, voluptatibus
affluens.

Votum, 'the vote or opinion,' is barbarous for sententia.
Vox, 'a voice,' is not used for sententia, suffragium. Although vox in
the singular may denote a single word and voces several connected
words, the singular alone is used to denote 'a sentence,' 'a saying,'
as in Cic. Tusc. 1. 46 § 11: Laconis illa vox.

Vulgaris is not applied to persons in the sense of our 'vulgar,' and
vulgares homines, though used by Muretus (ad Cic. Cat. 11. 13) for
vulgus, is quite inadmissible.

Z.

Zelotypia, though used by Cicero, Tusc. IV. 8, § 18, is a Greek word, which may be replaced by the Latin obtrectatio, aemulatio.

Zodiacus may be expressed in Latin by signifer orbis (Cic. de Div. 11 42, § 89; N. D. II. 20, § 53) or duodecim signorum orbis (Cic. N. D. 11. 20, § 52).