II Mention, in order of importance, five countries that carry on an interchange of commodities with the United States. Give in each case (a) the leading export, (b) the leading import.

12 Show how temperature and rainfall affect the commercial development of a country.

13 Mention three articles of export from the Philippines. Which is in greatest demand? How does the import trade of the islands compare with the export trade? Mention an important seaport of these islands and state its superior advantages.

14 Describe the production of sugar, using the following outline: leading varieties, chief producing countries, chief consuming countries, by-product.

15 Write about 150 words on the commercial importance of the proposed isthmian canal. What countries besides the United States would be benefited by such a canal?

College Department

6TH BUSINESS EXAMINATION

HISTORY OF COMMERCE

Thursday, January 30, 1902-1.15 to 4.15 p. m., only

Answer to questions but no more. Answers in excess of the number required will not be considered. Each complete answer will receive 10 credits. Papers entitled to 75 or more credits will be accepted.

I Show how a state with limited natural resources and no manufactures may become commercially important. Cite three examples of states that have become important in this way.

2 Show how geographic situation made Corinth one of the the most important commercial cities of ancient Greece.

3 Describe the system of roads maintained by the Roman empire. Show how these roads affected commerce during the empire and after its fall.

4 Show a) how the rise of towns was a product of the feudal system, b) how the establishment of towns affected commerce. 5 Show the effect on commerce of the taking of Constantinople by the Turks in 1453. Mention two remote results of this capture.

6 State three conditions that explain the importance of fairs in medieval times. Mention three important medieval fairs.

7 Write a sketch of Venice, including a) the beginnings of Venetian commerce, b) the importance of Venetian fleets in the 14th century, c) the influence of Venice in the crusades.

8 Give an account of the first important manufacturing industry in England. Mention England's great European rival in this industry.

Mention three important commercial treaties made by England in the reign of Henry 7. State two important results of these treaties.

IO Show the extent of Spanish empire in the 16th century. How were the commercial interests of Spain affected by her discoveries?

II Account for the decline of Holland's commercial supremacy in the 17th century.

12 Give an account of English industries from 1782 to 1800, with reference to a) manufactures, b) inventions, c) means of transit.

13 Describe three economic results of the war of 1812.

14 Write a historical sketch of the commercial relations between the United States and Japan.

15 Give an account of the progress and present prospects of an American canal from the Atlantic to the Pacific ocean.

College Department

8TH BUSINESS EXAMINATION

HISTORY OF COMMERCE

Thursday, June 19, 1902-1.15 to 4.15 p. m., only

Answer 10 questions but no more. Answers in excess of the number required will not be considered. Each complete answer will receive 10 credits. Papers entitled to 75 or more credits will be accepted.

1. From what necessity did commerce originate? In what way was it first carried on? How has commerce been affected by the advance of civilization, and why?

2 Mention the chief commercial nation of ancient times and describe in a general way the trade carried on by this nation. 3 Sketch prominent features in the development of merchandise transportation from earliest times to the present. How has this development affected commerce as to (a) volume, (b) variety?

4 How was commerce affected by the fall of Rome and the movements of population which followed? Explain.

5 What was the Hanseatic League? origin, purposes and power.

Give an account of its

6 Sketch the principal features of Venetian commerce in the first quarter of the 14th century. Mention the two commercial routes of leading importance to Venice.

7 What two events near the end of the 15th century revolutionized commerce between Europe and the east? Explain. 8 Give an account of the Portuguese empire in India and show the causes of its disastrous decline.

9 Describe the early policy of England toward her colonies, and the ultimate result of this policy in America. What radical change has England made in her commercial policy within. the past century?

10 What was done by Peter the Great and by Catharine 2 for the advancement of Russian commerce?

II Distinguish between the "domestic system" and the "factory system" as applied to manufactures. Mention five inventions that were largely instrumental in bringing about the factory system. What was the effect of these inventions on the textile industries?

12 Give the substance of Napoleon's Berlin and Milan Decrees and of the British Orders in Council. How was American commerce affected in consequence of these manifestos?

13 Write about 150 words on the development of American railways, including the effects of this development on

commerce.

14 State the economic causes of the American Civil War. Has our country as a whole been benefited economically by the results of this war? Give reasons for your answer.

15 Show what commercial advantages have been acquired by the United States in consequence of the recent war with Spain.

College Department

6TH BUSINESS EXAMINATION

BUSINESS PRACTICE AND OFFICE METHODS Wednesday, January 29, 1902-1.15 to 4.15 p. m., only

Answer 10 questions but no more. Answers in excess of the number required will not be considered. Division of groups is not allowed. All accounts, bills and statements must be correctly ruled. Credits.depend on accuracy of answers and neatness of papers. Each complete answer will receive 10 credits. Papers entitled to 75 or more credits will be accepted.

I Describe a method by which the cost and the selling price of goods may be indicated so as to be intelligible only to the proprietor and his subordinates.

2 Explain how the present clearing-house system has simplified bank bookkeeping and state the principle of procedure at the clearing-house.

3 What are the advantages of using bills of exchange? What is meant by rate of exchange? Mention the general causes

affecting the rate of exchange.

4 Give the method of procedure in securing a bank loan based on collateral security. Mention three kinds of property often used as collateral security.

5 What is a) a letter of credit, b) a letter of guaranty, c) a due bill, d) a manifest, e) a bond of indemnity, ƒ) a warehouse receipt?

6 Describe in detail the process of organizing a corporation, or stock company, for manufacturing purposes in the state of New York. What payment, if any, is to be made to the state and to whom is this payment to be made?

7-8 The open accounts on the ledger of Hopkins & Smith show the following footings Sep. 30:

Dr.

Cr.

The cash on hand as shown by the cashbook is $5382.08 and the inventories are merchandise $5440.50, horses, wagon etc. Prepare a statement showing the present worth of the

$365.

firm.

9 Prepare an account sales of the grain mentioned in questions 9-10 of the advanced bookkeeping paper.

10 Write the draft mentioned in question 13 of the advanced bookkeeping paper. Write a proper acceptance of this draft. The following questions are based on questions 1-8 of the paper in advanced bookkeeping.

11 Make a statement of the account of E. P. Dodge & Co. as of Oct. 1, assuming that a cash payment of $150 was made Sep. 25. [See transaction of Sep. 9.]

12 Write the N. Y. draft mentioned in the transactions of Sep. 14. Assuming that Hopkins & Smith had made payment by certified check, instead of N. Y. draft, write the check, as it would appear when properly certified.

13 Assuming that Carson & Logan had paid their bill (transactions of Sep. 18) by a note at 60 days, write the note showing a proper indorsement and its location on the paper.

14-15 Write up Hopkins & Smith's bank pass book, assuming that the account was opened by depositing Smith's investment less $200 in currency, that the receipts as entered in cashbook were regularly deposited and that all payments were made by check except the freight items, "cartage," "driver," "telegrams and postage." Make out the deposit ticket for Sep. 30.