in the consciousness of its own unspeakable glory and immortality. Thus, like the pilgrims in Dante's vision, did the soul of Teufelsdröckh climb from the dark pit of Doubt, through much struggling, to the high regions of Belief. Such, we have reason to believe, was the history of Thomas Carlyle. Nursed amid the sternest aspects of nature, trained by the rugged yet faithful hands of Poverty, he early acquired that self-dependence which is the first condition and noblest wealth of all genuine greatness. In his youth he learned to see, think, and believe for himself. Ready-made opinions, cut out and sewed together for whoever might purchase, were to him not worth the wearing. His faith, if he had any, must not bear the stamp of another manufacturer; it must be hammered out upon the anvil of his own soul. That his pious mother should trust in the God of the Bible, should walk before him in all humility, and rejoice in the manifestations of his almighty love, was altogether good and beautiful; he loved it, reverenced it, but saw in it no reason why he should likewise trust and rejoice. Having thus cut loose from his ancestral faith, Carlyle for a long time drifted hither and thither like a dismantled ship seeking in vain for anchorage. It was to him earnest, terribly-earnest business.

In his 66 Sartor" he gives us some details of his "fever paroxysms of doubt," and "how in the silent night watches, still darker in his beart than over sky and earth, he has cast himself before the All-seeing, and with audible prayers cried vehemently for light, for deliverance from death and the grave." To his doubting mind no light or deliverance came. Shade after shade rolled darkly over his soul, till at last it was enshrouded in the rayless glooms of Atheism, yet not the blackness of utter unbelief. Though the world to him was but a grinding death-machine, though men seemed to have forsaken the temples of divinity, and there appeared, indeed, to be no God, but a blind, resistless force pervading the universe, yet there remained truth and virtue. Somewhere, if not on earth, the celestial Presences existed, all-powerful, ever-abiding, though, perhaps, forever unrevealed. Even in this the very bottom of the abyss, he cried out in the strong agony of his soul, that some "divine messenger or miraculous handwriting" would declare unto him the law of duty that he might follow it, though it bid him leap into the infernal fire.

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An earnestness like this will in time work out its own salvation. From the godless Limbo of obstinate doubt, of fierce denial, of consuming despair, Carlyle was at length redeemed. This event, which he may well call "the most important transaction in life," is recorded in

the usual symbolic and unsatisfactory style of " Sartor." Like a revelation, the question suddenly rises within him, Why these haunting fears, these bitter soul-agonies, these hopeless strugglings at the bars of destiny? What, after all, is this world of negation, this " valley of the shadow of death," but the terrestrial kingdom of Satan? What have I to do with Satan but henceforth and forever to manfully defy him, and battle with him in all his developments?

With this there rushed as it were a "stream of fire" over his soul. Inspired with an unknown strength, he uttered an indignant protest, a victorious "Upage Satana," and forthwith his long-tempted soul emerged from the howling wilderness of unbelief, and thereafter took up its abode in the somewhat more habitable regions of action. “It is from this hour," he exclaims, " that I incline to date my spiritual new birth, or baphometic fire-baptism." He considers it the prelimi nary act of his true life-the renunciation of all shadows, and especially the falsest of all, the shadow of himself. From that time he conceives his eyes were gradually opened to a new heaven and a new earth. Then he began to understand the divine truth of the universe. It was no longer a machine, a huge involution of forces. It was God's abiding miracle, his "visualized idea," yea, his "living garment," through which he breathed and lovingly manifested himself to his children. Then, too, he began to unriddle the great mystery of existence. Not happiness but blessedness is the highest destiny of the soul. Work, then, is the true evangel of life. To all men is it decreed by earnest, faithful work, to body forth the ideal within them, and present it a most acceptable sacrifice before the eternal God of work. To the royal few, the noblest of workers, is it given to stand as anointed priests before the people, as godlike presences interpreting the godlike, and as such forever to be loved, and feared and reverenced. Thus, after a long, tempestuous voyage, his well-nigh shipwrecked soul anchored at last in the haven of the "Everlasting Yea," within whose precincts he imagines all contradiction is solved, all doubt is lost in labor, and all labor is transfigured to worship.

Memorabilia Valensia.

OBITUARY.

RESOLUTIONS PASSED IN CLASS-MEETING, ASSEMBLED DEC. 9, '62. WHEREAS, We have heard with feelings of heart-felt sorrow that it has pleased an All-Wise Providence to remove by death our former classmate and friend, EDWARD LOVELL BARNARD, while in the service of his country; therefore,

Resolved, That we affectionately sympathize with, and tender to his bereaved family our sincere condolence, in this their great sorrow.

Resolved, That as a tribute of respect to the memory of the deceased, and as a token of our esteem for his character, we, the members of this class, will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days.

Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be forwarded to his afflicted family, and to the daily papers of Worcester, and that a committee of ten be appointed to attend the funeral. Per order, CLASS OF '65.

Yale College, Dec. 9, 1862.

These resolutions should have appeared in a previous number of the Lit. They were published, at the time of their adoption, in the New Haven and Worcester papers. It is solely through the neglect of the Committee that they have not been handed in to the Lit. for publication. The Committee regret the oversight, which might well be construed into indifference, were it not known that no one had warmer friends, or was more universally beloved, while among us, than the deceased.

JOHN HANSON THOMPSON died at North Mountain on the 16th of March, 1863. At the time of his death he occupied the position of Orderly Sergeant of Co. A., 106 N. Y. S. V., to which he had risen, from the rank of private, by his great energy, ample military knowledge, and diligence in every duty. Upon a recommendation of all the officers of his regiment, promotion awaited him, with every prospect of speedy advancement, and had his life been spared a few days, he would have received his commission as Lieutenant. He enjoyed, in an unusul degree, the confidence and esteem of his officers and of the men under his charge, and died in the full enjoyment of a Christian trust. Let the remembrance of him as a soldier be always fresh to us, whom he so willingly and ably represented.

J. E. C.

The following Resolutions were passed in Class Meeting, assembled March 19th, 1863.

WHEREAS, we have heard with heart-felt sorrow of the death of our late classmate, JOHN HANSON THOMPSON, while in the service of his country; therefore, Resolved, That we, his classmates, have lost in his death a warm friend and genial companion; and our country, a devoted patriot.

Resolved, That we, who knew him well, can testify to the earnest patriotism and noble ambition which impelled him to leave books and friends that he might devote his life and labor to his country.

Resolved, That we tender to his bereaved family our sincere sympathy and condolence.

Resolved, That the Class wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days; and that a committee of six be appointed to attend the funeral: also, that a copy of these resolutions be sent to his family, and to the daily papers of New Haven, and to the Yale Literary Magazine, for publication.

Per order,

Yale College, March 19th, 1863.

THE JUNIOR EXHIBITION

CLASS OF '65.

Of the Class of 1864 took place on Wednesday, April 8th; being preceded by the usual Promenade Concert, which, in its character of a complete success, throws well earned credit upon the Committee of Arrangements. The music, by the 22d Reg. Band, was of a decidedly superior cast, particularly on the evening of the Exhibition. Jupiter and Venus, equally with Apollo, smiled kindly upon the new batch of Ciceronians, bringing as tokens of favor, fair weather, and yet fairer maidens. Under a combination of circumstances so uncertain in New Haven, cheered with clear skies, and low tide in Chapel street, thrilled with heavenly glances from bright orbs, inspired by sweetest melody, chief of all-arrayed in glossiest broadcloth, perchance swallow-tailed, how could these orators escape eloquence? And they did not; the Editorial chair backs the assertion; the Editorial table supports it. Alma Mater rose whole flights in the Freshman's imagination, that even she contained within her walls such germs of future history and literature; while Sophomores in admiring criticism, rejoiced yet trembled at the thought of emulating all this glory-come the next twelve-month. The speaking of the afternoon agreeably disappointed, and that of the evening ought fully to have satisfied all who have any claims to judge.

The April No. of the Lit. contained the "Order of Exercises," but omitted printing the names of the Committee-viz:

The prizes for excellence in English Composition, to the Class of '65, for the first term, have been awarded as follows:

The Freshman Prize Debate, of the Brothers, took place on Wednesday evening, May 22d.

Committee of Award:

Rev. E. L. CLEAVELAND,

CYRUS NORTHROP, Esq.,

Hon. HENRY B. HARRISON.

Question:-Is a Limited Monarchy, as seen in the Government of Great Britain, preferable to a Republic, as seen in the Government of the United States?

The 1st Prize was awarded to L. Lampman, the second to F. V. D. Garrettson and E. Hincks, and the third to G. S. Payson.

The Freshman Prize Debate, of Linonia, took place Thurday evening, May 21st. Committee of Award:

W. L. KINGSLEY, Esq.,

ARTHUR W. WRIGHT, Ph. D.
WORTHINGTON HOOKER, M. D.

Question:-Was our Government jutified in going to war with Mexico?

The first Prize was awarded to L. C. Wade, the second to L. Hall, and the third to E. B. Bennett.

Of course the speakers realized the momentous consequences that hung upon the decision given, by which many were to make or lose their college reputation, and laid themselves out, accordingly, in most attractive style.

The great problems of Government were discussed without mercy. Most of the pieces possessed the redeeming quality of brevity. While congratulating the successful competitors, we would suggest both to them and to those who did not take a prize, that there is still room for improvement, which may be secured by regularly attending the weekly debates in the large societies.