Alternatives to Laboratory Animals: ATLA.

48 hours 72 hours acid activity agglutinating alternative methods animal tests animal welfare apoptosis Article 22 assay ATLA Biology carcinogen cell cultures cell line cellular chloride cisplatin coeliac coeliac disease compounds concentration cryopreservation cytotoxicity dose drug EC50 values ECVAM Workshop effects endpoints Environmental enzyme estimated EC50 European evaluation experimental exposure eye irritation EYTEX gliadin hepatocytes human incubation induced inhibition iohexol Journal laboratory animals LDH release liver mammalian megakaryocytes MEIC chemicals membrane metabolic mice MICRONUCLEUS molecular mouse MTT assay mutagen Mutation Research negative neurons neurotoxicity Neutral red Neutral red uptake number of animals peptides Pharmacology photosensitisers phototoxicity potential prediction primary cultures procedures rat hepatocytes RbCr 24 hours receptors regulatory rodent Science scientific skin solvents specific studies Table teratogen tissue Total protein content toxicity toxicity testing Toxicology in Vitro vaccines validation viability vitro models vitro tests vitro toxicity vitro toxicology vivo