String Theory and M-Theory: A Modern IntroductionCambridge University Press, 7 dic 2006 String theory is one of the most exciting and challenging areas of modern theoretical physics. This book guides the reader from the basics of string theory to recent developments. It introduces the basics of perturbative string theory, world-sheet supersymmetry, space-time supersymmetry, conformal field theory and the heterotic string, before describing modern developments, including D-branes, string dualities and M-theory. It then covers string geometry and flux compactifications, applications to cosmology and particle physics, black holes in string theory and M-theory, and the microscopic origin of black-hole entropy. It concludes with Matrix theory, the AdS/CFT duality and its generalizations. This book is ideal for graduate students and researchers in modern string theory, and will make an excellent textbook for a one-year course on string theory. It contains over 120 exercises with solutions, and over 200 homework problems with solutions available on a password protected website for lecturers at www.cambridge.org/9780521860697. |
Sommario
| 17 | |
Conformal field theory and string interactions | 58 |
Strings with worldsheet supersymmetry | 109 |
Strings with spacetime supersymmetry | 148 |
Tduality and Dbranes | 187 |
The heterotic string | 249 |
String geometry | 354 |
Parole e frasi comuni
11-dimensional action algebra anomaly background black hole bosonic string bosonic string theory boundary conditions brane Calabi-Yau manifolds Calabi-Yau three-fold Chapter charge chirality circle closed-string compactification complex components conformal conifold coordinates corresponds coupling constant D-branes defined derived described dilaton discussed dual duality E-print entropy equations of motion example EXERCISE factor fermionic field strength field theory flux formula four dimensions four-dimensional gauge field gauge group gauge symmetry gauge theory geometry given gives holomorphic horizon IIB superstring theory implies integral invariant Kähler left-moving Lorentz M-theory M2-brane massless matrix metric modes moduli space multiplet noncompact nonperturbative open strings orbifold parameter particle Phys physical potential PROBLEM quantization quantum radius result right-moving satisfy scalar fields sector self-dual singularity solution space-time spectrum spinor supergravity superstring theory supersymmetry T-duality ten-dimensional three-form torus two-form type IIB type IIB superstring type IIB theory vanishes world-sheet world-volume Yang-Mills
Brani popolari
Pagina 8 - The only way this makes sense is if the open string ends on a physical object - it ends on a D-brane. (D stands for Dirichlet.) If all the open-string boundary conditions are Neumann, then the ends of the string can be anywhere in the spacetime. The modern interpretation is that this means that there are spacetimefilling D-branes present. Let us now consider the closed-string case in more detail. The general solution of the 2d wave equation is given by a sum of "right-movers" and "left-movers": xtt(ff,T)=3^(Ta)...
Pagina 712 - D = 10 Supergravity And The Unitary Supermultiplets Of U(2, 2/4),
Pagina 700 - Mukhi, S. (1981). The background field method and the ultraviolet structure of the supersymmetric nonlinear sigma model. Annals of Physics, 134, 85.
Pagina 7 - Quantum mechanically, the story is more subtle. Instead of eliminating h via its classical field equations, one should perform a Feynman path integral, using standard machinery to deal with the local symmetries and gauge fixing. When this is done correctly, one finds that in general <p does not decouple from the answer.
Pagina 704 - A SIMPLE PHYSICAL INTERPRETATION OF THE CRITICAL DIMENSION OF SPACE-TIME IN DUAL MODELS. ''Phys. Lett.". 1973. 4SB. No.4, 333-336. Brink L.. Olive D.. Hebbi C.. Scherk J. THE MISSING GAUGE CONDITIONS FOR THE DUAL FERMION EMISSION VERTEX AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES. "Phy«.
Pagina 713 - Hori, K., Katz, S., Klemm, A., Pandharipande, R., Thomas, R., Vafa, C., Vakil, R., Zaslow, E.: Mirror symmetry. Clay Mathematics Monographs 1, American Mathematical Society, Providence, Clay Mathematics Institute, Cambridge, MA, (2003) HKS01.
Pagina 713 - Supergravity and the large N limit of theories with sixteen supercharges", Phys.
Pagina 6 - In conventional quantum field theory the elementary particles are mathematical points, whereas in perturbative string theory the fundamental objects are one-dimensional loops (of zero thickness). Strings have a characteristic length scale, which can be estimated by dimensional analysis. Since string theory is a relativistic quantum theory that includes gravity it must involve the fundamental constants c (the speed of light), h (Planck's constant divided by 2;r), and G (Newton's gravitational constant).