The Development of Modern Chemistry

active alcohol alkali ammonia analysis analytical analytical chemistry atomic weights became began benzene Berzelius carbon atoms carbon dioxide Chem chemical industry chemists chloride combustion concept containing Courtesy developed discovery Dumas dyes Edgar Fahs Smith Educ effect electrical electrons elements energy ethyl experimental experiments Fahs Smith Collection Faraday fermentation Fischer fluorine formula gases Gay-Lussac German glucose HCOH heat hydrogen hydrogen chloride important inorganic introduced ions isolated isotopes Kekulé Klaproth laboratory later Lavoisier Liebig London mass metal methods mineral molecular molecules nature nineteenth century nitric acid nitrogen observed obtained optical organic chemistry organic compounds oxide oxygen paper particles phlogiston physical physicists plant potassium prepared problem production proteins published radioactive rays reaction Rutherford salts showed sodium solution structure studies substances sugar suggested sulfuric acid synthesis synthetic temperature terpenes theory Thomson tion tube Univ uranium valence vapor volume Wöhler York