THE

.ESTHETIC

IS DEDICATED BY THE AUTHOR
TO THE MEMORY OF HIS PARENTS

PASQUALE And LUISA SIPARI

AND OF HIS SISTER

MARIA

CONTENTS

PAGE

EXTRACT FROM INTRODUCTION xix

NOTE BY THE TRANSLATOR xxv

AUTHOR'S PREFACE . . xxvii

I

THEORY OF ESTHETIC

I

INTUITION AND EXPRESSION

Intuitive knowledge—Its independence with respect to intellectual know-
ledge—Intuition and perception—Intuition and the concepts of
space and time—Intuition and sensation—Intuition and association
—Intuition and representation—Intuition and expression—-Illusion
as to their difference—Identity of intuition and expression . . I

II

INTUITION AND ART

Corollaries and explanations—Identity of art and intuitive knowledge—

No specific difference—No difference of intensity—The difference

is extensive and empirical—Artistic genius—Content and form

in .(Esthetic—Criticism of the imitation of nature and of the artistic

illusion—Criticism of art conceived as a fact of feeling, not a

theoretical fact—/Esthetic appearance, and feeling—Criticism of the

theory of jesthetic senses—Unity and indivisibility of the work

of art—Art as liberator . . . . . . . . 12

III

ART AND PHILOSOPHY

Inseparability of intellectual from intuitive knowledge—Criticism of
the negations of this thesis—Art and science—Content and form:

FAGE

another meaning—Prose and poetry—The relation of first and

second degree—Non-existence of other forms of cognition—

Historicity—Its identity with and difference from art—Historical

criticism—Historical scepticism—Philosophy as perfect science.

The so-called natural sciences, and their limits—The phenomenon

and the noumenon ......... 22

IV

HISTORICISM AND INTELLECTUALISM IN /ESTHETIC

Criticism of the probable and of naturalism—Criticism of ideas in art,

of theses in art, and of the typical—Criticism of the symbol and

of the allegory—Criticism of the theory of artistic and literary

kinds—Errors derived from this theory in judgements on art—Em-

pirical sense of the divisions of kinds 32

ANALOGOUS ERRORS IN THE THEORY OF HISTORY AND

IN LOGIC

Criticism of the philosophy of History—.-Ksthctic intrusions into Logic

—Logic in its essence—Distinction between logical and non-

logical judgements—Syllogistic — Logical falsehood and aesthetic

truth—Reformed logic—Note to the fourth Italian edition . . 39

VI

THE THEORETIC ACTIVITY AND THE PRACTICAL ACTIVITY

The will—The will as an ulterior stage in respect to knowledge—Ob-

jections and explanations—Criticism of practical judgements or

judgements of value—Exclusion of the practical from the aesthetic

—Criticism of the theory of the end of art and of the choice of con-

tent—Practical innocence of art—Independence of art—Criticism

of the saying: the style is the man—Criticism of the concept of

sincerity in art 47

VII

ANALOGY BETWEEN THE THEORETIC AND THE PRACTICAL

The two forms of the practical activity—The economically useful—
Distinction between the useful and the technical—Distinction of