'K. Richard. Slave, I have set my life upon a cast, And I will stand the hazard of the die !

I think there be six Richmonds in the field:

Five have I slain to-day instead of him.'

When the leader finds that his bravest troops are fallen, and the battle is lost, he gathers his few faithful adherents around him, and, rushing with them into the thickest of the enemy, boldly meets his fate. His body is found after the battle, the heart yet palpitating, and his countenance marked, even in death, by the ferocity which distinguished him when alive. His soldiers, who lie strewed in death, cover with their bodies the spot on which they stood while fighting: their wounds are all in front; and they preserve in death the order in which their leader had ranged them when they advanced to the charge.

The whole close of the book has the effect of a highlywrought romance.

14

NOTES

TO THE

WAR OF JUGURTHA.

Evi brevis

SECT. I.

short-lived;' agreeing with natura.

Virtute: 'discretion or intelligence.'

Reputando: on reflection.'

Majus: 'greater than human nature.’

Industriam: careful cultivation.'

Vim: 'natural strength.'

Artis: 'natural qualifications or endowments.'
Pessum datus est: 'is degraded.'

Usus: enjoying.'

Difluxere: have been dissipated.'

Suam quisque... transferunt. To be thus rendered:—Auctores, the authors of the mischief, quisque transferunt suam culpam, lay, each, the blame which ought to fall upon himself, ad negotia, upon his affairs. Pretending that their duties are too severe for them, when, in fact, they have incapacitated themselves from the performance of them by their own vices.

Cura: solicitude.' If the solicitude of men for the acquisition of good were as great as the zeal with which they seek, &c.

Multumque and often.'

Neque regerentur... casus: 'and were not ruled by chance, more than they ruled chance.'

Eo: to such a degree.'

Uti pro

fierent: that, instead of being mortals, they

should be made immortal by glory.'

SECT. II.

Corporis alia... sequuntur: 'some obey the nature of the body, others that of the mind.'

Omniaque orta occidunt: 'all things which are born must

die.'

Habet: 'rules.'

Admiranda: 'to be wondered at.'

Per luxum: 'in luxury.'

Incultu: through neglect.'

Artes animi: occupations of the mind.'

His, referring to artes.

Minume: 'by no means.'

Jus: public authority.'

SECT. III.

Eo magis honesti: 'more respected on that account.' Eo is not here an adverb connected with magis, but the ablative of is. Parentes: subjects,' or 'subjected provinces.'

Importunum: disagreeable.'

Quærere: 'to gain.'

Quem tenet: 'possesses a man.'

Gratificari: 'to sacrifice.'

SECT. IV.

Negotiis: occupations.'

Quæ ingenio exercentur: which are pursued by the mind.' Prætereundum: 'must be passed over' in silence.

Insolentiam: ignorance of the world, greenness.'

Judicium animi: my views,' with regard to the kind of life to be pursued.

Imagines. Images or effigies in wax of distinguished Romans were preserved in the houses of their descendants, and exhibited at the funeral of any of the family.

Quis est omnium his moribus: who is there among all those that have the morals of this age.'

Contendat: 'vies.'

Homines novi: 'men of obscure origin.'

Nobilitatem antevenire: 'to rise to nobility.' The word ante is here used probably because, in order to attain nobility, they went before or rose above the condition of their birth.

Nituntur: work their way.'

Proinde quasi: 'just as if.'

Perinde ut eorum virtus est: 'just in proportion to the good qualities of those.'

Liberius altiusque processi: 'I have gone into too free and deep discussion.'

SECT. V.

Variâ victoriâ: 'the victory was sometimes on one side, sometimes on the other.'

Obviam itum est: 'opposition was made.'

Studiis civilibus. This is commonly interpreted civil discords or dissensions. Might it not, however, be better rendered, civil occupations, or the pursuits of peace? The contention,' he says, 'arising from the opposition made to the nobility, confused all things, both religious and political, and was carried to such a degree of madness, that the war and the devastation of Italy put an end to the pursuits of peace.' This contention of which he has spoken could hardly be supposed to put an end to civil discord.

Pauca supra repetam: 'I will review a short portion of previous history.'

Quo: in order that.'

Post magnitudinem nominis Romani: after the Roman state had attained its full greatness.'

Italiæ...adtriverat: had exhausted the resources of Italy, more than any other general.'

Ex sese; to imply that they were his own children; a strong

mode of expression.

Eodem cultu: with the same manner of bringing up.'

SECT. VI.

Ubi primum: as soon as.'

Pollens viribus: 'excelling in strength.'
Cursu: in running.

Exacta... liberis: 'being advanced in age, and his children yet small.'

Crescere means 'to grow,' not in stature, but in mental powers, and in popularity. The character of Jugurtha is painted in strong colors, and interests us so much that our sympathies are engaged on his side till we become disgusted with his crimes. So skilfully does Sallust represent the qualities which made him popular, that it is impossible not to feel a degree of admiration for him as we read.

Ad explendam: 'to satisfy.'

Opportunitas... ætatis: the temptation offered by his own advanced age and the tender years of his children.'

Transvorsos: 'out of the path of duty.'

Opprimi: 'be destroyed.'

Ostentando: by being too eager to show.'

Longe aliter ac ratus erat: 'far otherwise than he had expected.'

Morem hostium: 'the mode of warfare practised by the enemy.'

Obviam eundo periculis: by exposing himself to dangers.' Pralio consilio: daring in battle, and prudent in counsel.'

...

Adferre: to beget.'

Amplecti: to become intimate with.'