INDEX TO THE BOOK.

Abæ, free town of, 194.

Abdera, a Phoenician settlement in Spain, 130.

Acarnania, depopulation of, 199, 201.

Achæa, with Epirus, a senatorial province, 21, 197; founding of, 192;
did not contribute to the Roman army, 195; depopulation of,
201, 202.

Acheans, "League of the," 196.

Actium, the battle of, won by Agrippa's generalship, 164.

Ægina, Athens deprived of, 194.

Ætolia, depopulation of, 199, 201, 202.

Ædui, the, 104; form part of the colony of Lugdunensis, 84; a federate

state, 111.

Africa, with Numidia, a senatorial province, 21, 45, 127; command of
troops in, 22; supplies Rome with corn, 173.

Agedincum (Sens), centre of the tribe of the Senones, 87, 88.

Agrippa Postumus, son of Agrippa and Julia, 167.

Agrippina, daughter of Julia and Agrippa, 167.

Agricola, educated at Marseilles, 96.

Agrippa, see Vipsanius.

Alesia, a town of Gaul, 90.

Alexandria, the commercial rise of, 190.

Alexandria Troas, a Roman colony planted in, 212, 232.

Allobroges, the, tribe of, 88; Rome's defeat of, 80; included in the

Roman colony of Vienne, 97.

Alps, the, roads over, 90-91, 108; the southern boundary of Gaul, 96.
Ambiani, the tribe of the, 88.

Ambracia, a Greek city, decay of, 198.

Amiens, see Ambiani,and Samarobriva.

Ammianus, on the language of the Gauls, 119.

Amphictyonic Council, the, Augustus' remodelling of, 199-200.

Amphissa, free town of, 194, 199.

Amyntas, King of Galatia, death of, 213; history of, ibid., note 2.

Anas (Guadiana), the river, 132; road from the mouth of, 140.

Ancyra (Angora), importance of the trading route through, 226; the

capital of Galatia, 229.

Ancyran Monument, the, of Augustus, 47; see Monumentum Ancyranum.

Andomatunum, the town of the Lingones, 88, 109, 114.
Antioch, Augustus at, 217; the Romanisation of, 241.

of Pisidia, a Roman colony, 236; a road centre, 235.

Antipolis (Antibes), a colony of Marseilles, 93.

Antistius, one of Augustus' generals, in Spain, 135, 157 (note).

Antony, Mark, as Octavian's enemy, 12; as Triumvir, 19; Roman
standards lost by, 213, 217; enlarges temple-enclosure at
Ephesus, 232.

Apamea, Greek city of, 232; junction point of a trading route, 226, 231.
Celænæ, a Roman colony founded by Julius Cæsar, 235; an im-
portant city of the Empire, 234; a Roman city, 237.

Apollo, the Temple of, on the Palatine, built by Augustus, 176.

Aosta, see Augusta Prætoria.

Aquæ Sextiæ (Aix), Latin colony of, 95.

Aqueducts, the, superintendence of, transferred to Augustus, 174; see
Cura Aquarum.

Aquitania, an imperial province, 22; established by Cæsar, 81; assigned
to Munatius Plancus, 81, 120; Iberian element in, 81, 83-84,
96, 103-104, 119.; its extent increased by Augustus, 81, 103—
104; contained seventeen civitates, 86; Augustus' organisation
of, 103-105; its contribution to the Roman army, 104, 112.
Arabia, a Roman expedition into, 185-189; decay of the emporia of,

190.

Arabs, the, became familiar with Roman law, 221.

Arausio (Orange), Roman colony of, 97, 107.

Arcadius, Emperor, the Greek language begins to be used for the
administration of Asia Minor under, 239.

Archelaus, of Cappadocia, Western Cilicia entrusted to, 214.

Arelate (Arles), Roman colony of, 97, 107, 108, 109; importance as a
port, 95.

Argos, an unfree city, 195, 196; its representation on the Amphictyonic
Council, 199.

Arles, Roman settlement, see Arelate.

Armenia, Greater, relations of Augustus with, 213, 214; Tiberius sent
to, 214, 218; the refusal of Tiberius to interfere again in, 223;
the expedition of Gaius Cæsar into, 189, 223–224.

Armenia Minor, left under the rule of a native prince, 214; position of
at Augustus' death, 224; included in the province of Galatia,
230.

Arsinoe (Suez), starting point of Rome's expedition to Arabia, 187.
Artaxata, capital of Armenia, 224.

Artaxes, King of Greater Armenia, 213, 217.

Z

Artemis, the Temple of, at Ephesus, 231; its controversy with the city
of Ephesus, 212.

Artigira, siege of, Gaius wounded at, 224.

Arverni, tribe of the, 104; Rome's defeat of, 80; trouble given by,
83; added to the province of Aquitania, 84; made a free com-
munity, 105.

Asia, a senatorial province, 21, 224-225; reorganised by Augustus, 211,

212-225.

Asia Minor, its state under the Empire, 202; no troops kept by Augustus
in, 214; danger to the Eastern frontier of, 215; its Western
frontier secured by Agrippa, 219; its protection on the North,
220; provincial governors of, 222; its extent at Augustus' death,
224-225; geography of, 225-226; railways in, 226; Hellenisa-
tion of, 227, 242; Greek cities in, 232-234; sparing use of the
franchise in, 233; the Romanisation of, 241; its failure, 242.
Aspendus, a city of Pamphylia, 228.

Assembly, the Roman, power of under the Empire, 35-36, 60, see Comitia.
Assouan, see also Syene.

Astura (Esla), the river, defeat of the Asturians on, 136.

Asturia, gold of, 145; under Augustus, 147; under Tiberius, included in

Tarraconensis, 148; prefect of, 148; the administration of, 152;
inscriptions found in, which point to the Romanisation of Spain,
156.

Asturians, race of the, 79; campaigns against, 123-125, 135–137;
Celtic element among, 132; they contribute to the Roman army,
143.

Asturica Augusta (Astorga), in Galicia, founded by Augustus, 139; a
road centre, 140; a judicial centre, 152.

Athens, visited by Augustus, 192; a free city, 193, 195; deprived of
Ægina and Eretria, 194; its representation on the Amphictyonic
Council, 199, 200; its intellectual supremacy, 204; disturbances
at, under Augustus, 206.

Atlantic coast, the, of Spain, Celtic element on, 132, 133.

Attalea, a city of Pamphylia, 228.

Attica, Athenian territory, 194.

Auch, see Augusta Auscorum.

Augst, Roman colony in Belgica, 85; founding of, 115; see Augusta

Rauracorum.

Augusta, title of the Emperor's wife, 45.

VIII., legion settled in Berytus, 221.

Augusta, see Alexandria Troas.

Augusta Auscorum (Auch), a town in Aquitania, with the Latin Right,

103, 105.

Augusta Emerita (Merida), founding of, 137; a road centre, 139, 140;
the chief city of Lusitania, 150.

Augusta Prætoria (Aosta), Roman colony, 124.

Augusta Rauracorun (Augst), Roman colony, 115, 116.

Augusta Treverorum, the city of the Treveri, favourable position of,
114, 115.

Augusta Tricastinorum, town founded by Augustus, 98.

Augusteum, a temple for the worship of Augustus in Pergamus and
Ephesus, 232.

Augustobriga, in Celtiberia, town founded by Augustus, 139.
Augustodunum (Autun), capital of the Ædui, 109, 111.

Augustus, Emperor, Arnold's portrait of, 4; his division of the provinces

with the Senate, 21-24; his use of the pro-consular imperium,
24-26; his relations with the Senate, 26, 27, 57, 59, 65; his
prerogatives, 27-31; his renunciation of the consulship in
favour of the tribunician power, 32, 172-173; his dynastic
projects, 34, 162-164; his influence on legislation, 35-40; the
nature of the imperial power under, 44; titles of, 48; inconsis-
tency of his position, 49, 50; Concilium formed by, 66; his
division of the powers between Senate and Knights, 68-76;
his control of the corn supply, 69, 173; his organisation of Gail,
79, 120; of Spain, 123-157; the worship of, 153, 232; in Rome,
161, 167-169; his relations with Agrippa, 165-166; his ad-
ministration of Rome, 173-176, 178-180; buildings of, 176—
177; his organisation of the East, 183-186, 192; his care for
the trade interests of Egypt, 186-190; in Greece, 192; in
Asia Minor, 211-222; in Galatia, 230; his treatment of Asia
Minor, 233.

Augustus, title of, used by the Emperors, 48, 49.

Ausci, community of the, received the Latin Right, 105.

Ausonius, on Trèves, quoted, 119.

Autrigones, the, race of, split into ten civitates, 155.

Autun, see Augustodunum.

Avaricum, see Bituriges Cubi.

Avenio (Avignon), Latin town of, 97.

Aventicum (Avenches), the capital of the Helvetii, 87, 114; a Roman

colony, 88.

B

Bæterræ (Béziers), Roman colony of, 95, 97.

Bætica, a senatorial province, 21, 102, 148; a division of Spain, 130;
furnished men to the Prætorian Guard, 142; extent of, 147, 148,
151; number of towns in, 149; worship of Augustus in, 153;
Romanisation of, 155.

Bætis (Guadalquivir), valley of the, Phoenician element in, 125, 130.

Balbus, the theatre of, building of, 177.

Baltic Sea, the, voyage of Pytheas to, 94.

Barcino (Barcelona), later capital of the province of Tarraconensis, 154.

Basilica Julia, the, begun by Julius Cæsar, 177.

Basques, the, a remnant of the ancient Iberian stock, 128, 129.

Bastuli, the, land of, divided among self-governing towns, 149.

Batavi, the, a tribe of the Belgæ, 112.

Beja, see Pax Augusta.

Beauvais, road through, 109.

Belgæ, the, 112.

Belgica, an imperial province, 22; established by Cæsar, 81; assigned to
Hirtius, 81, 120; its extent increased at the expense of Celtica,
81; contained eighteen civitates, 86; its contribution to the
Roman army, 112; German element in, 113; the government of,

117.

Bellovaci (Bouvais), the, a tribe of the Belgæ, 112.

Berber population, the primitive, of N. Africa; probable connection of
the Iberians with, 127.

Berytus, Roman colony of, founded by Agrippa, 216, 221; famous law
school of, 221.

Béziers, see Bæterræ.

Bilbilis, road through, 140.

Bituriges Cubi (Bourges), the 88; a free community, 105; workers in
iron, 106.

Bituriges Vivisci, the, a Celtic people, 88, 103, 105, 140.

Bithynia, a senatorial province, 21, 225; reorganised by Augustus, 211;
law of its cities regulated by Augustus, 212; legions kept by
Cæsar in, 215; town called after Agrippa (Agrippenses) in, 220;
European element in, 227; Hellenisation of, 231.

Black Sea, the, piracy in, 219.

Bordeaux, see Bituriges vivisci.

Bosporus, the Cimmerian (Crimea), campaign of Agrippa in, 192; organ-

ised by Agrippa, 218.

Bourges, the town of the Bituriges, 88.

Boeotia, part of, Athenian territory, 194.

Boeotians, the, their representation on the Amphictyonic Council, 199.
Bracara, Spanish city, road system carried to, 139, 140; a judicial centre,

152.

Brigantium (Corunna), Cæsar penetrates as far as, 134.

Britain, her trade with Marseilles, 90, 93; Spanish auxiliaries employed
in, 143; imperial mines in, 146; lead and tin of, 147.
Brutus, Junius, his work in the conquest of Spain, 134.