Marine Ecological ProcessesSpringer Science & Business Media, 10 ago 1995 - 686 pagine The oceans represent a vast, complex and poorly understood ecosystem. Marine Ecological Processes is a modern review and synthesis of marine ecology that provides the reader--particularly the graduate student--with a lucid introduction to the intellectual concepts, approaches, and methods of this evolving discipline. Comprehensive in its coverage, this book focuses on the processes controlling marine ecosystems, communities, and populations and demonstrates how general ecological principles--derived from terrestrial and freshwater systems as well--apply to marine ecosystems. Numerous illustrations, examples, and references clearly impart to the reader the current state of research in this field: its achievements as well as unresolved controversies. This is a comprehensive and highly respected synthesis of marine ecology. It has been well received both as a text and a reference book. Reviewers said "organization of the book is logical, the writing is clear, and the text illustrations are well done" and "this book has much to offer as a textbook." |
Sommario
Preface to the Second Edition | v |
Preface to the First Edition | ix |
Primary Producers in Marine Environments | 3 |
The Formation of Organic Matter | 18 |
13 Measurement of Producer Biomass and Primary Production | 22 |
14 Production Rates by Marine Primary Producers | 29 |
Factors Affecting Primary Production | 36 |
22 The Uptake and Availability of Nutrients | 50 |
83 Control Mechanisms in Benthic Communities | 253 |
Trophic Structure 2 Components and Controls in Water Column Food Webs | 275 |
92 Microbial Food Webs | 276 |
93 The Classic Microplankton Food Web | 283 |
94 Speculations as to Control of Prey Populations by Larger Predators in the Marine Water Column | 287 |
Taxonomic Structure Species Diversity | 305 |
103 Factors Affecting Diversity | 313 |
104 Integration of Factors Affecting Diversity and Some Consequences | 323 |
23 Temperature and Interactions with Other Factors | 75 |
24 Distribution of Phytoplankton Production Over the World Ocean | 79 |
Consumers in Marine Environments | 87 |
32 Survival Life Tables | 88 |
33 Fecundity Life Tables | 93 |
34 Some Properties of Life Table Variables | 95 |
35 Reproductive Tactics | 100 |
Competition for Resources Among Consumers | 107 |
42 The Nature of Competition | 108 |
43 DensityDependent Control of Abundance | 117 |
44 DensityDependent Versus DensityIndependent Effects on Abundance | 119 |
45 Resource Partitioning | 125 |
46 Niche Breadth and Species Packing | 130 |
Feeding and Responses to Food Abundance | 133 |
52 Functional Response to Prey Density | 139 |
53 Numerical Responses by the Predator to Density of Prey | 156 |
54 Developmental Response to Prey Density | 161 |
Food Selection by Consumers | 165 |
63 Factors Affecting Food Selection by Consumers | 166 |
Suspension Feeding | 179 |
65 Optimization in Food Selection by Consumers | 184 |
66 Vulnerability and Accessibility of Food Items | 188 |
67 The Importance of Alternate Prey | 194 |
68 Interaction of Mechanisms of Predation | 197 |
69 Predation and Stability of Prey Populations | 200 |
Processing of Consumed Energy | 203 |
72 Assimilation | 205 |
73 Respiration | 212 |
74 Growth | 219 |
75 Production | 229 |
76 Energy Budgets for Populations | 240 |
Structure and Dynamics of Marine Communities | 247 |
82 Controls of Community Structure | 250 |
Spatial Structure Patchiness | 325 |
112 Description of Spatial Distributions | 328 |
113 Sources of Patchiness | 332 |
114 Ecological Consequences of Patchiness | 344 |
115 The Problem of Upscaling | 347 |
Development of Structure in Marine Communities Colonization and Succession | 355 |
122 Colonization Processes | 356 |
123 Case Histories of Colonization and Succession | 360 |
124 Interaction Among Communities at Different Stages of Succession | 376 |
125 Generalized Properties of Succession in Marine Environments | 378 |
Functioning of Marine Ecosystems | 383 |
The Carbon Cycle Production and Transformations of Organic Matter | 385 |
132 The Carbon Cycle in Aerobic Environments | 387 |
133 The Carbon Cycle in Anoxic Environments | 413 |
Nutrient Cycles and Ecosystem Stoichiometry | 425 |
142 Nitrogen | 433 |
143 Sulfur | 455 |
144 Ecosystem Energetics and Stoichiometry | 461 |
Seasonal Changes in Marine Ecosystems | 467 |
153 Benthic Seasonal Cycles | 491 |
154 Control of Seasonal Cycles | 496 |
LongTerm and LargeScale Change in Marine Ecosystems | 499 |
163 Depletion of Fishery Stocks | 513 |
164 Eutrophication | 515 |
165 Toxic Contamination | 528 |
166 Spread of Exotic Species | 531 |
167 Harmful Algal Blooms | 532 |
168 Interception of Freshwater Inputs and Sediment Loads | 535 |
The Case of Black Sea | 538 |
1610 Implications of LongTerm LargeScale Changes | 542 |
References | 545 |
| 645 | |
Altre edizioni - Visualizza tutto
Parole e frasi comuni
abundance activity Adapted aerobic aggregation algae algal ammonium amphipods anaerobic areas assimilation bacteria benthic benthos Biol biomass blooms bottom Calanus cells changes Chapter chlorophyll coastal waters competition compounds concentrations consumers consumption copepods coral cycles denitrification depth detritus diatoms dinoflagellates dissolved organic distribution diversity Ecol ecological ecosystems effects energy estuaries eutrophication example feeding Fenchel FIGURE fish food webs freshwater grazers growth rate habitat herbivores heterotrophic increase ingestion inputs intertidal invertebrates kelp larger larvae Limnol macroalgae marine environments measure mechanisms metabolic microbial microplankton nitrate nitrogen nutrients oceanic Oceanogr organic matter oxidation oxygen particles patches phosphate phosphorus photic zone photosynthesis phytoplankton plankton plants polychaete population predators prey density primary production ratio reduced reefs relatively release reproductive respiration response result salt marsh seasonal seawater sediments spatial species sulfate surface Table temperature uptake upwelling Valiela variable water column whales zooplankton
Brani popolari
Pagina 602 - McCall, PL 1977. Community patterns and adaptive strategies of the infaunal benthos of Long Island Sound.