Appetentes gloriae, Eager in the pursuit of fame.-CIC.
Mortis timentes, Fearful of death.-LUCR.

Metuens virgae, Fearing the rod.-Juv.

Metuens futuri, Dreading the future.-HOR.

Patiens operum, Capable of enduring toil.-VIRG.
Neque pugnae neque fugae potentes, Unable to fight or to
flee.-LIV.

189.

Amicus, friendly,
Inimicus, hostile,

Utilis, profitable,

Inutilis, useless,

Vicinus, neighbouring,

Numina sint precibus non inimica meis.-Ov.

Neque honestum mihi neque utile ipsi
virgini est.-TER.

Inutilis sibi, perniciosus patriae.
Mantua, vae, miserae nimium vicina
Cremonae.-VIRG.

Aegritudini finitimus est metus.
Proximus sum egomet mihi.-TER.
Dulcis et alta quies, placidaeque simil-
lima morti.-VIRG.

Nihil tam dissimile quam Cotta Sulpicio.
Marcello fratri tuo aut par aut certe
proximus sum.

Impar Achilli, No match for Achilles.

Ablative with Adjectives.

Ablative. Nihil insidiis vacuum video.
Ablative with ab. Animus vacuus ab omni

cura.

Ablative. Ex tuis litteris plenus sum expectatione de Pompeio.

Genitive. Omnia honesta plena gaudiorum

sunt.

Cilix, libertus tuus, mihi reddidit a te litteras, plenas amoris et officii.

Ablative. Dives agris, dives positis in fenore
nummis, Rich in land, rich in money put
out at interest.-HOR.

Genitive. Dives pecoris, Rich in cattle.-
VIRG.

Ablative. Robustus animus omni est liber
cura, A stout heart is free from all care.—
CIC.

Liber nubibus aether, A cloudless sky.-
LUCAN.

Ablative with ab. Haec loca sunt ab ar-
bitris libera, These places are free from
spies.-CIC.

Genitive. Liber laborum, Free from toils.
HOR.

Nudus, devoid,.

Ablative. Urbs nuda praesidio, A city without a garrison.-CIC.

Fessus, weary,

Ablative with ab. Civitas ab omnibus rebus vacua atque nuda.

Ablative. Plorando fessus sum.-CIC. Fessus curaque viaque, Weary with toil and travel.-Ov.

Dignus, worthy, . Si canimus silvas, silvae sint consule dignae, If we sing of woods, let the woods be worthy

of a consul.-VIRG.

Haec est digna tuis, Germanice, porta triumphis, This gate, Germanicus, is worthy of your triumphs.—MART.

Indignus, unworthy, Nulla vox est ab iis audita populi Romani maiestate indigna.-CAES.

Contentus, satisfied, Non patriis contentus filius arvis.-VIRG. Frētus, relying on, Fretus iuventa. Fretus armis.-VIRG. Praeditus, endued, Q. Hortensius summis ornamentis honoris, fortunae, virtutis, ingenii praeditus.

191. The nouns opus and usus, signifying need, take an ablative of the thing needed

Auro opus fuit, He had need of gold.-Cic.

Apud Terentiam gratia opus est nobis tua, tuaque auctori-
tate, I need your influence and authority with Terentia.

Nunc viribus usus, Now you must put forth your strength.—
VIRG.

192. Past participles implying birth or origin, as natus, genitus, ortus, are found with an ablative depending on themNatus,

Natus et ipse Dea.—VIRG.

Gěnitus,. Haec ait et Maia genitum demittit ab alto.-VIRG. Dis genite, et geniture Deos.-VIRG.

Ortus, Loco obscuro tenuique fortuna ortus.-Liv.

Ortus serva, The son of a female slave.—Liv.

Numae Pompilii regis nepos filia ortus Ancus

Marcius erat.-LIV.

K

NOTE. The ablative usually depends in prose on the prepositions ab, ex, de

A parentibus parvus sum procreatus, a vobis natus sum
consularis.-CIC.

Constat plerosque Belgas esse ortos ab Germanis.-CAES.
Pater eius ex concubina ortus erat.-SALL.

Qui de Dea matre est, Deus sit necesse est.-CIC.

Genitus is a poetic word.

3. CASES DEPENDING ON CERTAIN VERBS.

193. It was stated in § 14 that one of the forms of the Simple Sentence is

Subject Copula + Predicate; and in § 45, that the forms of the Copula, is, are, was, etc., are supplied in Latin by parts of the verb Esse, to be.

Now other verbs, such as those that imply becoming, being named, appointed, and the like, may stand in Latin as the Copula, and the Predicate will be in the same case as the Subject: examples are—

Fio, become,

Evado, turn out, .
Appellor, be named,
Nascor, be born,

Creor, be appointed,

Vocor, be called, .

Brevis esse laboro,

Obscurus fio.-HOR.

In dicendo pauci digni nomine evadunt.
Deiotarus rex ab Senatu appellatus est.
Nemo nascitur dives.

Consules creantur Caesar et Servilius.
Meus pater fuit Antimachus: ego vocor
Lyconides.-PLAUT.

Habeor, be reckoned, Themistocles, cum in epulis recusaret lyram,

est habitus indoctior.

Accusative with Verbs.

194. Many transitive verbs require a second accusative to complete their meaning in a sentence: instances are—

Dico, name,

Me tibi hostem fecisti.

Testamento fecit heredem filiam.
Ancum Marcium regem populus creavit.
Te iudicem aequum puto.

Te virum iudico.

Tullum Hostilium regem populus iussit.

Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit.-Juv.

Scribo, appoint (in writing), Cyrus testamentum palam fecit, et me heredem scripsit.

195. Some verbs of asking, teaching, and concealing take two accusatives

Nunquam divitias deos rogavi.-MART.

Hoc te vehementer rogo.-Cic.

Pacem te poscimus omnes.-VIRG.

Numa Pompilius cives suos cultum deorum docuit.

Non celavi te sermonem hominum.

Ranae regem petierunt Iovem.-PHAEDR.

NOTE. In prose peto is usually followed by a or ab, with an ablative of the person to whom the request is made—

Clodius a me petivit ut Laodiceam irem.

196. Intransitive verbs, expressing a feeling or action, frequently take an accusative of a noun which is either from the same root or of like signification, and which is therefore called the Cognate Accusative

Vitam tutiorem meo praesidio vivent.

Vicimus, O socii, et magnam pugnavimus pugnam.

Vitam deorum vivimus.

Mirum somniavi somnium.-PLAUT.