Language and Solitude: Wittgenstein, Malinowski and the Habsburg DilemmaCambridge University Press, 28 ott 1998 - 209 pagine Ernest Gellner (1925-1995) has been described as 'one of the last great central European polymath intellectuals'. His last book throws new light on two leading thinkers of their time. Wittgenstein, arguably the most influential and the most cited philosopher of the twentieth century, is famous for having propounded two radically different philosophical positions. Malinowski, the founder of modern British social anthropology, is usually credited with being the inventor of ethnographic fieldwork, a fundamental research method throughout the social sciences. In a highly original way, Gellner shows how the thought of both men grew from a common background of assumptions - widely shared in the Habsburg Empire of their youth - about human nature, society, and language. Tying together themes which preoccupied him throughout his working life, Gellner epitomizes his belief that philosophy -- far from 'leaving everything as it is' -- is about important historical, social and personal issues. |
Sommario
Swing alone or swing together | 3 |
The rivals | 7 |
Genesis of the individualist vision | 14 |
The metaphysics of romanticism | 17 |
Romanticism and the basis of nationalism | 21 |
Individualism and holism in society | 26 |
Crisis in Kakania | 30 |
Pariah liberalism | 35 |
Iron cage Kafkastyle | 107 |
Malinowski | 111 |
The birth of modern social anthropology | 113 |
The Malinowskian revolution | 120 |
How did Malinowski get there? | 123 |
Whither anthropology? Or whither Bronislaw? | 127 |
The difference between Cracow and Vienna | 138 |
Malinowskis achievement and politics | 140 |
Recapitulation | 37 |
Wittgenstein | 41 |
The loneliness of the longdistance empiricist | 43 |
The poem to solitude or confessions of a transcendental ego who is also a Viennese Jew | 46 |
Ego and language | 59 |
The world as solitary vice | 62 |
The mystical | 65 |
The central proposition of the Tractatus world without culture | 68 |
Wittgenstein Mark 2 | 71 |
Tertium non datur | 74 |
Joint escape | 79 |
Janik and Toulmin a critique | 85 |
The case of the disappearing self | 96 |
Pariah communalism | 100 |
Malinowskis theory of language | 145 |
Malinowskis later mistake | 151 |
The un originality of Malinowski and Wittgenstein | 155 |
Influences | 157 |
The impact and diffusion of Wittgensteins ideas | 159 |
The first wave of Wittgensteins influence | 164 |
The belated convergence of philosophy and anthropology | 174 |
Conclusions | 179 |
The truth of the matter | 181 |
Our present condition | 189 |
| 192 | |
Bibliographies of Ernest Gellners writings on Wittgenstein Malinowski and nationalism | 195 |
| 205 | |
Parole e frasi comuni
A. J. Ayer abstract actually argument articulated atomic atomistic Bronislaw Malinowski Cambridge central claim cognitive conceptual concerning constitutes context cosmopolitanism course Cracow culture D. H. Lawrence David Hume Descartes doctrine dominant elements empiricism empiricist endowed Ernest Gellner Ernst Mach escape ethnic ethnography existence fact fieldwork formulation Frazer function Gemeinschaft Habsburg Empire human Hume and Kant ideas identity important individual individualist intellectual Janik and Toulmin Joseph Agassi Kakania kind knowledge later liberalism linguistic linked literary logic Mach Malinowski meaning modern moral mystical nationalism nationalist nature never ontology options original Oxford pariah peasant perhaps pervaded philosophy political populist position practices precisely problem propositions question reality reason romantic romanticism roots sense simply social anthropology society solitary solitude specific style summation theory of language things thought tion Tractatus tradition transcendence transcendental ego universal universalistic valid Vienna Viennese Jew vision Wittgen Wittgenstein Wittgensteinian words Zakopane
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