two months of the year; they were principally young men of the equestrian rank, who began their public career with this service in the army. tribuō, -ere, -ui, -ūtus, [tribus, tribe], (distribute by tribes), give, impart. trīduum, -ī, [trēs + diēs], n., three days' time, three days. trīgintā, indecl. num. adj., thirty. trīstitia, -ae, [trīstis], f., sadness, gloom. triumphō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus, [triumphus, triumph], celebrate a triumph, triumph. Trōiānus, -a, -um, [Trōia], of Troy, Trojan; as noun, Trōiānus, -ī, m., a Trojan, inhabitant of Troy in Asia Minor. trucīdō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus, butcher, slaughter, massacre. tū, tui, pers. pron., thou, you; pl., vōs, you. tuba, -ae, f., trumpet. tueor, -ērī, tūtus (tuitus) sum, protect, defend. Tullianum, -i, [old Latin tullius, spring], n., the Tullianum, a dungeon in the state prison at Rome; see carcer. Tullius, -a, name of a Roman gens; M. Tullius Cicero, the orator and writer, was consul in B.C. 63. Tullus, -ī, m., name of a family in the Volcatian gens; L. Volcatius Tullus was consul in B.C. 66. tum, [TA, this], adv., then, at that time; thereafter, at once, thereupon. tumultus, -ūs, [тVм, swell], m., uproar, commotion, disturb ance, confusion; uprising, revolt, insurrection. tumulus, -ī, [тví, swell], m., hill, height. tunica, -ae, f., tunic, an undergarment of woollen stuff worn by Romans. turba, -ae, [TVR, crowd], f., dis order, disturbance, tumult, riot. turbulentus, -a, -um, [turba], adj., disorderly, boisterous. turpiter [turpis, base], adv., disgracefully, dishonorably. turpitūdō, -inis, [turpis, base], f., disgrace, dishonor, infamy, ignominy. Tusci, -ōrum, m. pl., Tuscans, Etruscans, Etrurians, people of Etruria. tūtus, -a, -um, [part. of tueor], adj., safe, secure. tuus, -a, -um, [tū], poss. pron. adj., thy, your. tyrannus, -i, [Túpavvos], m., ty rant. U. ubi, adv., of place, where; of time, when, after; ubi prímum, as soon as. ubi-que, adv., anywhere, everywhere. ulciscor, -i, ultus sum, avenge. ullus, -a, -um, gen. ullīus, dat. ūlli, [dim. of ūnus], adj., any. ulterior, -ius, gen. -ōris, [comp. of unused ulter, beyond], adj., farther. ultrā, [unused ulter, beyond], adv., beyond; thereafter. ultro, [unused ulter, beyond], adv., (beyond what is required), of one's own accord, voluntarily. Umbrēnus, -ī, m., name of a Roman family; P. Umbrēnus, a freedman who had engaged in business in Gaul, undertook to persuade the Allobroges to aid in Catiline's conspiracy. umquam, adv., ever, at any time. ūnā, [ūnus], adv., at the same time, together. ut or uti, adv. and conj. : unde, adv., whence, from which, uter-que, utraque, utrumque, where. undique, [unde + -que], adv., from every quarter, on all sides. gen. utriusque, dat. utrique, [uter, which of two], adj., each, each one, both; utrique, both parties. ūnivorsus (-versus), -a, -um, uti, see ut. [ūnus + vorsus], adj., all to-utilis, -e, [ūtor], adj., useful, gether, in a body, taken collectively, in general. ūnus, -a, -um, gen. ūnīus, dat. ūnī, num. adj., one, a single; alone, only; in unum, to one place, together. ūnus-quisque, unaquaeque, unumquidque, indef. pron., each one, each. urbānus, -a, -um, [urbs], adj., of the city, in the city, city (of Rome). urbs, urbis, f., city; the city (of Rome). urgeō, (urgueō), -ēre, ursī, [VRG, press], press hard, press closely. ūsque, adv., even to; usque eō, to such a degree, so much so; quo usque, how far? how long? ūsūrpō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus, [ūsus +RAP, snatch], employ, apply, use. ūsus, -ūs, [ūtor], m., use; ex perience; intercourse; need, necessities, food; service, advantage, interest. serviceable, beneficial. ūtilitās, -ātis, [ūtilis], f., bene use, fit, advantage, expediency. ūtor, -ī, ūsus sum, with abl., make use of, make a tool of, employ, avail one's self of, enjoy; manage; exercise, practise; sermōne ūtī, engage in conversation; largius ūtī, squander. ut-pote, [pote, able], adv., inas- V. vacillō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus, stagger, totter. vacuēfaciō, -ere, -fēcī, -factus, [vacuus faciō], make vacant, vacate, clear. vacuus, -a, -um, adj., empty, free, devoid of; defenceless, unprotected; ownerless, having no master. vadimōnium, -ī, [vas, bail], n., | vehemēns, -entis, adj., violent, bail, security. vāgīna, -ae, f., scabbard, sheath. vagor, -ārī, -ātus sum, [vagus], wander about, roam. vagus, -a, -um, [VAG, carry], adj., roving, roaming, wandering, unsettled. valeō, -ēre, -ui, -itūrus [VAL, strong], be strong, be vigorous, have strength, possess power, have weight, avail, prevail, succeed. Valērius, see Flaccus. validus, -a, -um, [VAL, strong], adj., strong, vigorous, powerful. vānitās, -ātis, [vānus], f., fickle ness, vanity. vānus, -a, -um, adj., empty, idle, useless; false, wavering, irresolute. Varguntēius, -a, name of a Ro man gens; L. Vargunteius, a senator, together with C. Cornēlius, made an unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Cicero. variē, [varius], adv., variously, differently. furious, impetuous; severe. vehementer, [vehemens], adv., very greatly, exceedingly. vel, [old imperative of volō], conj., or; vel . . . vel, either or. vēlum, -ī, n., sail. vel-ut or vel-utī, adv., just as, as, like; just as if, as if, as though, as it were. vēnālis, -e, [vēnum, that which is for sale], adj., purchasable, venal. vēndō, -ere, -didī, -ditus, [vē num, that which is for sale + dō], sell, set a price on. venēficus, -a, -um, [venēnum + FAC, make], adj., poisonous; as noun, venēficus, -i, m., poisoner. venēnum, -ī, n., drug; venēnum malum, poison. veniō, -īre, vēnī, ventus, [VEN, go], come; used impersonally in the passive, ventum est, he or they came. vēnor, -ārī, -ātus sum, hunt. varius, -a, -um, adj., various, venter, -tris, m., belly; appetite; diverse; versatile. gluttony. vās, vāsis, pl., vāsa, -ōrum, n., ¦ (verber), -eris, n., (usually pl.), stripes, blows; scourging, flogging. vessel; vase. vāstō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus, [vāstus], ravage; harass. vāstus, -a, -um, adj., vast; vāstus animus, insatiable ambition. vēcordia, -ae, [vēcors, senseless], f., insanity. revenue. verberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus, [ver ber], scourge, flog. verbum, -1, n., word; verba facere or loqui, speak; verbō, with but a word, briefly; verbis, verbally. vectīgal, -ālis, [VEH, carry], n., vērē, [vērus], adv., truly, truthfully, correctly, accurately. vectīgālis, -e, [vectigal], adj., vereor, -ērī, veritus sum, fear, tributary. dread. vērō, [vērus], adv., in fact, truly, | victōria, -ae, [victor], f., victory, certainly, assuredly, indeed; but. versō, see vorsō. success. victus, -ūs, [viv, live], m., food; mode of living, style. vidēlicet, [for vidēre licet], adv., versus, -ūs, [VERT, turn], m., vicus, -ī, [vic, dwell], m., street. verse; versūs facere, write| verse, compose poetry. vērum, -ī, [vērus], n., the truth; ex vērō, according to the truth; prō vērō, as true. vērum, [vērus], adv., in fact, but, but yet; vērum enim vērō, but certainly, but assuredly. vērus, -a, -um, adj., true, real; right. vescor, -ī, - take food, eat, gratify the palate. vespera, -ae, [VAS, burn], f., evening. Vesta, -ae, [VAS, burn], f., Vesta, goddess of the hearth. vester, see voster. vestimentum, -1, [vestis, clothing], n., garment, vesture, apparel. veterānus, -a, -um, [vetus], adj., veteran; as noun, veterānī, -ōrum, m. pl., veterans. vetō, -āre, -ui, -itus, forbid. vetus, -eris, adj., old, old-time, of long standing; former. vēxō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus, [freq. from vehō], disturb, make restless, harass, torment; waste, abuse. via, -ae, [VEH, carry], f., road, way; path, course. vicēsimus, see vīgēsumus. vīcīnitās, -ātis, [vīcīnus, neighboring], f., neighborhood, vicinity. victor, -ōris, [vic, conquer], m., conqueror, victor; in apposition, victorious. evidently, of course, no doubt; often used ironically. videō, -ēre, vīdī, vīsus, [VID, see], see, behold, observe; witness; pass., videor, -ērī, vīsus sum, be seen, appear, seem. vigeō, -ēre, -ui, —, [VIG, vigor], be vigorous, thrive, flourish; aetās viget, we are in the prime of life. vīgēsumus or vīcēsimus, -a, -um, [viginti], num. adj., twentieth. vigilia, -ae, [vigil, awake], f., watching, sleeplessness, want of sleep; watch, a fourth part of the night; pl., the men on watch, sentinels, watch, guard. vigilō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus, [vigil, awake], watch, keep awake, be without sleep, be awake; be watchful, be vigilant, look out for. vīlis, ‚-e, adj., of little value, cheap. villa, -ae, [vic, dwell], f., country house, farm-house; countryseat, villa. vincō, -ere, vīcī, victus, [vic, conquer], conquer, defeat, beat, vanquish; be victorious, prevail; get the better of, exhaust. vinculum, -ī, [vinciō, bind], n., fetter; pl., chains, prison, custody, confinement. vindex, -icis, m.and f., (defender, avenger); executioner. vindicō, -āre, -āvi, -ātus, [vin dex], assert one's claim to, demand, claim; restore; pun- | volgus, -ī, [VALG, press], n., ish, inflict punishment on. vinum, -ī, n,, wine. violentia, -ae, [violentus, violent], f., violence, rude attack, fury. people, crowd, mob, rabble. volitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus, [freq. from volō, fly], flit about, hover about. vir, virī, m., man, husband; man volnerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus, [vol of valor. vīrēs, see vis. virgō, -inis, f., maiden, virgin; Vestal virgin, a priestess of Vesta. virīlis, -e, [vir], adj., of a man, manly; worthy of a man, requiring the daring of a man. virtus, -ūtis, [vir], f., bravery, valor, courage; mental energy, vigor of mind, ability, talents, intellectual superiority; moral worth, good qualities, merit, honor, honesty, virtue, excellence, character, strength of character. vīs, —, acc. vim, abl. vī, f., strength, force, power; violence, impetuosity, fury; pl., vīrēs, -ium, bodily strength, physical powers. vīsō, -ere, visī, vīsus, [freq. from video], view; examine, visit. vīta, -ae, [viv, live], f., life, existence; course of life. vitium, -ī, n., fault, vice. vivō, -ere, vixi, victus, [VIV, live], live. vivus, -a, -um, [viv, live], adj., alive, living. vix, adv., with difficulty, scarcely. vix-dum, adv., scarcely yet, hardly, but just. vocabulum, -ī, [vocō], n., name. vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus, [voc, call], call, summon. nus], wound. volnus, -eris, [VEL, tear], n., wound. volō, velle, volui, [VOL, wish], will, wish, want, desire, like; be willing, consent, approve. Volturcius, -i, m., a Roman name; T. Volturcius of Crotona, a Catilinarian conspirator, being arrested in company with the Allobroges, turned state's evidence, and was subsequently pardoned and rewarded by the senate. voltus, -ūs, m., countenance; features, looks; face. voluntārius, -a, -um, [voluntās], adj., voluntary; as noun, voluntārius, -ī, m., volunteer. voluntās, -ātis, [VOL, wish], f., will, good-will, wish, desire, approval, consent. voluptārius, -a, -um, [voluptās], adj., pleasant, luxuri ous. voluptas, -ātis, [VOL, wish], f., pleasure, enjoyment, delight. volvo, -ere, volvi, volūtus, [VOLV, roll], roll over, turn over in one's mind, revolve, reflect upon, consider. vorsō (versō), -āre, -āvī, -ātus, [freq. from vortō, turn], keep turning; pass. as deponent, vorsor, -ārī, -ātus sum, be active, be busy, be occupied, |