Q. 20. What was the providence of God toward man ir the estate in which he was created?

A. The providence of God toward man in the estate in which he was created, was the placing him in paradise, appointing him to dress it, giving him liberty to eat of the fruit of the earth h; putting the creatures under his dominion, and ordaining marriage for his help k; affording him communion with himself!; instituting the sabbath m; entering into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of personal, perfect, and perpetual obedience ", of which the tree of life was a pledge; and forbidding to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, upon the pain of death P,

Q: 21. Did man continue in that estate wherein God at first created him? spirits, sent forth to minister for them fruitful, and multiply, and replenish who shall be heirs of salvation ? the earth, and subdue it; and have

20. b Gen. ii. 8. And the Lord God dominion over the fish of the sea, and planted a garden eastward in Eden ; over the fowl of the air, and over eve. and there he put the man whom he ry living thing that moveth upon the had formed. Ver. 15. And the Lord earth. Ver. 29. And God said, BeGod took the man, and put him into hold, I have given you every herb the garden of Eden, to dress it, and to bearing seed, which is upon the face keep it. Ver. 16. And the Lord God of all the earth, and every tree in the commanded the man, saying, Of eve. which is the fruit of a tree yielding ry tree of the garden thou mayest free. seed: to you it shall be for meat. Gen. ly eat.

ii. 8. And they heard the voice of the i Gen. i. 28. And God blessed them: Lord God walking in the garden in and God said unto them, Be fruitful, the cool of the day: and Adam and and multiply, and replenish the earth, his wife hid themselves from the preand subdue it; and have dominion sence of the Lord God amongst the over the fish of the sea, and over the trees of the garden. fowl of the air, and over every living m Gen. ii. 3. And God blessed the thing that moveth upon the earth. seventh day, and sanctified it: because

k Gen. ii. 18. And the Lord God that in it he had resied from all his said, It is not good that the man should work, which God created and made. be alone; I will make him an help in Gal. iii. 12. And the law is not of meet for him.

faith: but, The man that doeth them 1 Gen. i. 26. And God said, Let us shall live in them. Rom. x. 5 For Momake man in our image, after our ses describeth the righteousness which likeness; and let them have dominion is of the law, That the man which over the fish of the sea, and over the doe:h those things shall live by them. fowl of the air, and over the cattle, o Gen. ii. 9. And out of the ground and over all the earth, and over every made the Lord God to grow every creeping thing that creepeth upon the tree that is pleasant to the sight, and earth. Ver. 27. So God created man good for food : the tree of life also in in his own image, in the image of God the midst of the garden, and the tree created he him : male and female crea- of knowledge of good and evil, ted he them. Ver. 28. And God bless- p Gen. ii. 17. But of the tree of the ed them: and God said unto them, Be knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt

A. Our first parents being left to the freedom of their own will, through the temptation of Satan, transgressed the commandment of God in eating the forbidden fruit; and thereby fell from the estate of innocency wherein they were created 9.

Q. 22. Did all mankind fall in that first transgression?

A. The covenant being made with Adam as a publick person, not for himself only, but for his posterity, all mankind descending from him by ordinary generation “, sinned in him, and fell with him in that first transgression,

Q. 23. Into what estate did the fall bring mankind?

A. The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery

Q. 24. What is sin ?

Ă. Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, not eat of it: for in the day that thou and hath determined the times before eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. appointed, and the bounds of their

21. 9 Gen. iii. 6. And when the habitation. woman saw that the tree was good s Gen. ii. 16. And the Lord God for food, and that it was pleasant to commanded the man, saying, Of eve. the eyes, and a tree to be desired to ry tree of the garden thou mayest freemake one wise, she took of the fruit ly eat : Ver. 17. But of the tree of the thereof, and did eat; and gave also knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt unto her husband with her, and he did not eat of it: for in the day that thou eat. Ver. 7. And the eyes of them. eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. both were opened, and they knew that [Compared with Rom. v. 12—20.] they were naked; and they sewed fig. Wherefore, as by one man sin enterleaves together, and made themselves ed into the world, and death by sin; aprons. Ver. 8. And they heard the and so death passed upon all men, for voice of the Lord God walking in the that all have sinned. Ver. 15. For if Garden in the cool of the day: and through the offence of one many be Adam and his wife hid themselves dead; much more-Ver. 16.-For the from the presence of the Lord God . judgment was by one to condemnaamongst the trees of the garden. Ver. tion ;-Ver. 17. For if by one man's. 13. And the Lord God said unto the offence death reigned by one; much woman, What is this that thou hast

Ver. 18. Therefore, as by the done? And the woman said, 'The ser- offence of one judgment came upon pent beguiled me, and I did eat. Eccl. all men to condemnation ; even som vii. 29. Lo, this only have I found, Ver. 19. For as by one man's disobet that Gud made man upright; but they dience many were made sinners; so have sought out many inventions. 2 by the obedience And with 1 Cor. Cor. xi. 3. But I fear, lest by any xv. 21. For since by man came death, means, as the serpent beguiled Eve by man came also the resurrection of through his subtiliy, so your minds the dead. Ver. 22. For as in Adam all should be corrupted from the simplie die, even so in Christ shall all be made city that is in Christ.

alive. 22. r Acts xvii. 26. And hath made 23. t Rom. v. 12. Wherefore, as of one blood all nations of men, for by one man sin entered into the world, to dwell on all the face of the earth; and death by siń; and to death pass

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any law of God given as a rule to the reasonable creature a

Q. 25. Wherein consisteth the sinfulness of that 'estate whereinto man fell ?

A. The sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell, consisteth in the guilt of Adam's first sin ", the want of that righteousness wherein he was created, and the corruption of his nature, whereby he is utterly indisposed, disabled, and made opposite unto all that is spiritually good, and wholly inclined to all evil, and that continually *; which is commonly called Original Sin, and from which do proceed all actual transgressions '. ed upon all men, for that all have sin- is no fear of God before their eyes. ned. Rom. iii. 23. For all have sinned, Ver. 19. Now we know, that what and come short of the glory of God. things soever the law saith, it saith to

24. u 1 John iii. 4. Whosoever com- them who are under the law; that initteth sin transgresseth also the law: every mouth may be stopped, and all for sin is the transgression of the law. the world may become guilty before Gal. iii. 10. For as many as are of the God. Eph. ij. 1. And you hath he works of the law are under the curse: quickened, who were dead in tresfor it is written, Cursed is every one passes and sins : Ver. 2. Wherein in chat coniinueth not in all things which time past ye walked according to the are written in the book of the law to course of this world, according to the do them. Ver. 12. And the law is not prince of the power of the air, the of faith: but, the man that doeth them spirit that now worketh in the chilshall live in them.

dren of disobedience. Ver. 3. Among 25. w Rom. v. 12. Wherefore, as whom also we all had our conversaby one man sin entered into the world, tion in times past, in the lusts of our and death by sin; and so death passed flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh upon all men, for that all have sinned. and of the mind ; and were by nature Ver. 19. For as by one man's disobe. the children of wrath, even as others. dience many were made sinners; so Rom. v. 6. For when we were yet by the obedience of one shall many be without strength, in due time Christ made righteous.

died for the ungodly. Rom. viii. 7. * Rom. iii. 10. As it is written, Because the carnal mind is enmity There is none righteous, no, not one: against God : for it is not subject to Ver. 11. There is none that under- the law of God, neither indeed can be. standeth, there is none that seeketh Ver. 8. So then they that are in the after God. Ver. 12. They are all gone flesh cannot please God.Gen. vi. 5. And out of the way, they are together be. God saw that the wickedness of man come unprofitable ; there is none that was great in the earth, and that every doeth good, no, not one. Ver. 13. imagination of the thoughts of his Their throat is an open sepulchre; heart was only evil continually. with their tongues they have used de. y James i. 14. But every man is ceit; the poison of asps is under their tempted, when he is drawn away of lips : Ver. 14. Whose mouth is full of his own lust, and enticed. Ver. 15. cursing and bitterness : Ver. 15. Their Then, when lust hath conceived, it feet are swift to shed blood: Ver. 16. bringeth forth sin ; and sin, when it Destruction and misery are in their is finished, bringeth forth death. Matt. ways : Ver. 17. And the way of peace xv. 19. For out of the heart proceed have they not known : Ver. 18. There evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, for

Q. 26. How is original sin conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity?

A. Original sin is conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity by natural generation, so as all that proceed from them in that way are conceived and born in sin ?.

Q. 27. What misery did the fall bring upon mankind ?

A. The fall brought upon mankind the loss of communion with God, his displeasure and curse ; so as we are by na ture children of wrath b; bond slaves to Satan', and justly liable to all punishments in this world, and that which is to comed.

Q. 28. What are the punishments of sin in this world?

A. The punishments of sin in this world are either inward, as blindness of minde, a reprobate sensef, strong denications, thefts, false witness, blas- mind; and were by nature the chil. phemies.

dren of wrath, even as others. 26, % Psal. li. 5. Behold, I was c 2 Tim. ii. 26. And that they may shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my recover themselves out of the snare mother conceive me. Job xiv. 4. Who of the devil, who are taken captive by can bring a clean thing out of an un- him at his will. clean? not one. Job xv. 14. What is d Gen. ii. 17. But of the tree of man, that he should be clean ? and he the knowledge of good and evil thou. which is born of a woman, that he shalt not eat of it; for in the day that should be righteous ? John iii, 6. That thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely which is born of the flesh is flesh; and die. Lam. iii. 39. Wherefore doth a that which is born of the Spirit is living man complain, a man for the spirit.

punishment of his sins ? Rom. vi. 23. 27. a Gen. iii. 8. And they heard For the wages of sin is death ; but the voice of the Lord God walking in the gift of God is eternal life, through the garden in the cool of the day: and Jesus Christ our Lord. Matt. xxv.41. Adam and his wife hid themselves Then shall he say also unto them on from the presence of the Lord God the left hand, Depart from me, ye amongst the trees of the garden. Ver. cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared 10. And he said, I heard thy voice in for the devil and his angels. Ver, 46. the garden, and I was afraid, because And these shall go away into everI was naked; and I hid myself. Ver. lasting punishment; but the righteous 24. So he drove out the man; and he into life eternal. Jude, Ver. 7. Even as placed at the east of the garden of Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities Eden cherubims, and a flaming sword, about them, in like manner giving which turned every way, to keep the themselves over to fornication, and way of the tree of life.

going after strange flesh, are set forth 6 Eph. ii. 2. Wherein in time past for an example, suffering the venye walked according to the course of geance of.eternal fire. this world, according to the prince of 28. e Eph. iv. 18. Having the un-the power of the air, the spirit that derstanding darkened, being alienated now worketh in the children of diso- from the life of God through the igbedience. Ver. 3. Among whom also norance that is in them, because of the we all had our conversation in times blindness of their heart.. past, in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling f Rom. i. 28. Even as they did not: ide desires of the fiesh and of the like to retain God in their knowledge,

m

lusions 8, hardness of heart", horror of conscience, and vile affectionsk; or outward, as the curse 'of God upon the creatures for our sakes', and all other evils that befall us in our bodies, names, estates, relations, and employments; together with death itselfn.

Q. 29. What are the punishments of sin in the world to come?

A. The punishments of sin in the world to come, are everlasting separation from the comfortable presence of God, and most grievous torments in soul and body, without intermission, in hell-fire for evero,

Q. 30. Doth God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of sin and misery?

A. God doth not leave all men to perish in the estate of God gave them over to a reprobate sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days mind, to do those things which are of thy life. not convenient.

m Deut. xxviii. 15. to the end. But 8 2 Thess. ii. 11. And for this cause it shall come to pass, if thou wilt not God shall send them strong delusion, hearken unto the voice of the Lord that they should believe a lie.

thy God, to observe to do all his com. b Rom. ii. 5. But after thy hard. mandments, and his statutes, which I ness and impenitent heart, treasurest command thee this day, that all these up unto thyself wrath against the day curses shall come upon thee, and overof wrath, and revelation of the rightake thee. Ver. 16. Cursed shalt thou teous judgment of God.

be in the city, and cursed shalt thou i Isa. xxxiii. 14. The sinners in Zion be in the field. Ver. 17. Cursed shall are afraid ; fearfulness hath surprized be thy basket and thy store. Ver. 18. the hypocrites : who among us shall Cursed shall be the fruit of thy body, dwell with the devouring fire? who and the fruit of thy land, &c. among us shall.dwell with everlasting n Rom. vi. 21. What fruit had yé burnings ? Gen.iv. 13. And Cain said then in those things whereof ye are unto the Lord, My punishment is now ashamed? for the end of those greater than I can bear. Matt. xxvii. things is death. Ver. 23. For the wa. 4. Saying, I have sinned, in that I ges of sin is death ; but the gift of have betrayed the innocent blood. God is. eternal life, through Jesus And they said, What is that to us? Christ our Lord. see thou to that.

29. o 2 Thess. i. 9. Who shall be & Rom. i. 26. For this cause God punished with everlasting destruction gave them up unto vile affections : for from the presence of the Lord, and even their women did change the natu. from the glory of his power. Mark ix. ral use into that which is against na- 44, 46, 48,-To go into hell, where

their worm dieth not, and the fire is I Gen. iii. 17. And unto Adam he not nched. Luke xvi. 24. And he said, Because thou hast hearkened un cried, and said, Father Abraham, have to the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten mercy on me, and send Lazarus, that of the fruit of which I commanded he may dip the tip of his finger in thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it; water, and cool my tongue; for I am cused is the ground for thy sake; in formented in this fame.