Evolutionary BiologySinauer Associates, 1986 - 600 pagine Covers the genetic, developmental, and ecological mechanisms of evolutionary change, the major features of evolutionary history as revealed by phylogenetic and paleontological studies, and material on adaptation, molecular evolution, co-evolution, and human evolution. |
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Pagina 152
... fitness ; but after reproduction ceases , the individuals do not contribute to subsequent generations , so any differences in survival after this age usually have no impact on their genetic fitness . Likewise , differences in fitness ...
... fitness ; but after reproduction ceases , the individuals do not contribute to subsequent generations , so any differences in survival after this age usually have no impact on their genetic fitness . Likewise , differences in fitness ...
Pagina 186
... fitness of each genotype is a simple sum of the fitness conferred by each locus separately ( i.e. , if fitness is additively determined ) . But if fitness is measured by the probability of survival , and if the effect of each locus is ...
... fitness of each genotype is a simple sum of the fitness conferred by each locus separately ( i.e. , if fitness is additively determined ) . But if fitness is measured by the probability of survival , and if the effect of each locus is ...
Pagina 200
... fitness , whereas the additive genetic variance is relatively greater for traits such as bristle number , whose effect on fitness does not seem critical , or at least consistent ( Falconer 1981 ) . This is to be expected from Fisher's ...
... fitness , whereas the additive genetic variance is relatively greater for traits such as bristle number , whose effect on fitness does not seem critical , or at least consistent ( Falconer 1981 ) . This is to be expected from Fisher's ...
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adaptive adaptive radiation allele frequency allozyme Amer amino acid ancestor animals average behavior biological birds bristle number caused cells Chapter characters chromosome cladistic coefficient coevolution competition copies correlated deleterious developmental differentiation distribution divergence Dobzhansky Drosophila melanogaster ecological effect environment environmental enzyme equilibrium evidence evolutionary change evolved example extinction rate factors favor females Figure fitness fossil record function Futuyma gametes gene conversion gene flow gene frequencies genetic drift genetic variation genome genotypes geographic groups habitats heritability heterozygotes heterozygous higher taxa homozygotes homozygous host human hybrid inbreeding increase individual insects interactions Lewontin linkage disequilibrium loci locus males mammals mating mechanisms molecular morphological mutation natural selection nucleotide occur offspring organisms pairs parasites pattern phenotype phylogenetic phylogeny plants polymorphism predators prey proteins pseudogenes random recombination relative reproductive isolation sequence sexual similar speciation structure survival sympatric taxon theory tion trait transposable elements variable variance