Evolutionary BiologySinauer Associates, 1986 - 600 pagine Covers the genetic, developmental, and ecological mechanisms of evolutionary change, the major features of evolutionary history as revealed by phylogenetic and paleontological studies, and material on adaptation, molecular evolution, co-evolution, and human evolution. |
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Pagina 132
... reduced virtually to zero after 14 generations of strong artificial selection that reduced population size to 4 or 8 pairs ; but there was still variation in selected lines that had been kept at 16 pairs . The effective population size ...
... reduced virtually to zero after 14 generations of strong artificial selection that reduced population size to 4 or 8 pairs ; but there was still variation in selected lines that had been kept at 16 pairs . The effective population size ...
Pagina 135
... reduced , the degree of heterozygosity , and hence the genetic variance , is almost as high as in the source population . [ On average it is ( 1 - 1 / 2N ) Ho , where Ho is the proportion of heterozygotes in the source population and N ...
... reduced , the degree of heterozygosity , and hence the genetic variance , is almost as high as in the source population . [ On average it is ( 1 - 1 / 2N ) Ho , where Ho is the proportion of heterozygotes in the source population and N ...
Pagina 411
... reduced , and the fibula is reduced in size . ( A after Romer 1956 ) evolution , as have the number of vertebrae of snakes , body segments of mil- lipedes , and ovules in plants such as lilies . More often the number of elements is ...
... reduced , and the fibula is reduced in size . ( A after Romer 1956 ) evolution , as have the number of vertebrae of snakes , body segments of mil- lipedes , and ovules in plants such as lilies . More often the number of elements is ...
Sommario
CONCEPTIONS AND MISCONCEPTIONS | 7 |
EVOLUTION SINCE THE SYNTHESIS | 13 |
ADAPTATION AND ENVIRONMENT | 19 |
Copyright | |
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adaptive adaptive radiation allele frequency allozyme Amer amino acid ancestor animals average behavior Biol biological birds bristle cells Chapter characters chromosome coefficient coevolution common competition copies correlation developmental differentiation distribution divergence Dobzhansky Drosophila melanogaster ecological effect environment environmental enzyme equilibrium evidence evolution evolutionary change evolved example extinction factors females Figure fitness fossil record function Futuyma gametes gene conversion gene family gene flow gene frequencies genetic drift genetic variation genome genotypes geographic heritability heterozygotes heterozygous homologous homozygotes homozygous host human hybrid inbreeding increase individual insects interactions Lewontin linkage disequilibrium loci locus males mammals mating mechanisms molecular morphological mutation natural selection neoteny nucleotide occur offspring organisms paedomorphosis pairs parasites pattern phenotypic phylogenetic phylogeny plants polymorphism predators prey proteins pseudogenes random recombination segments sexual similar speciation structure sympatric Syst theory tion traits transposable elements University Press variable variance vertebrates York